ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles Alejandro Ranchal Pedrosa 1 , 2 Giovanni Pau 1 , 3 1 LIP6 Sorbonne Universit, Paris, France 2 CEA LIST, Gif-sur-Yvette, France EIT Digital, Stockholm, Sweden 3 DISI

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SLIDE 1

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles

Alejandro Ranchal Pedrosa 1,2 Giovanni Pau 1,3

1LIP6 – Sorbonne Université, Paris, France 2CEA LIST, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

EIT Digital, Stockholm, Sweden

3DISI — Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

CS Dept — University of California, Los angeles, CA

June 15, 2018

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 1 / 10

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SLIDE 2

Blockchain for Autonomous Vehicles

State Channels

  • Motivations: trustless, reliable, decentralized system, etc.
  • Challenges
  • latency
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 2 / 10

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SLIDE 3

Blockchain for Autonomous Vehicles

State Channels

  • Motivations: trustless, reliable, decentralized system, etc.
  • Challenges
  • latency
  • How is the judicial system not so bloated, with the amount of

contracts that we all sign?

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 2 / 10

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SLIDE 4

Blockchain for Autonomous Vehicles

State Channels

  • Motivations: trustless, reliable, decentralized system, etc.
  • Challenges
  • latency
  • How is the judicial system not so bloated, with the amount of

contracts that we all sign?

  • We sign contracts everyday but. . .
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 2 / 10

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SLIDE 5

Blockchain for Autonomous Vehicles

State Channels

  • Motivations: trustless, reliable, decentralized system, etc.
  • Challenges
  • latency
  • How is the judicial system not so bloated, with the amount of

contracts that we all sign?

  • We sign contracts everyday but. . .
  • We (almost) never enforce them
  • Only if dispute
  • In that case, we go to court, and if we are right, we win.
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 2 / 10

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SLIDE 6

Blockchain for Autonomous Vehicles

State Channels

  • Motivations: trustless, reliable, decentralized system, etc.
  • Challenges
  • latency
  • How is the judicial system not so bloated, with the amount of

contracts that we all sign?

  • We sign contracts everyday but. . .
  • We (almost) never enforce them
  • Only if dispute
  • In that case, we go to court, and if we are right, we win.
  • the blockchain is the court
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 2 / 10

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SLIDE 7

Blockchain for Autonomous Vehicles

State Channels

  • Motivations: trustless, reliable, decentralized system, etc.
  • Challenges
  • latency
  • How is the judicial system not so bloated, with the amount of

contracts that we all sign?

  • We sign contracts everyday but. . .
  • We (almost) never enforce them
  • Only if dispute
  • In that case, we go to court, and if we are right, we win.
  • the blockchain is the court
  • We should look for a way to create a 2nd-layer where people can

interact directly without going to "court" (the blockchain)

  • Only go to blockchain to finish the contract, or in the event of a

dispute, to ascribe blame

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 2 / 10

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SLIDE 8

State Channels

  • Suppose a car and a charging station are frequently trading
  • The station sells energy (electricity, gas, hydrogen, etc.)
  • The car purchases it
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 3 / 10

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SLIDE 9

State Channels

  • Suppose a car and a charging station are frequently trading
  • The station sells energy (electricity, gas, hydrogen, etc.)
  • The car purchases it
  • The car can lock-in some tokens with the station for future trades

between the two → the car opens a channel

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 3 / 10

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SLIDE 10

State Channels

  • Suppose a car and a charging station are frequently trading
  • The station sells energy (electricity, gas, hydrogen, etc.)
  • The car purchases it
  • The car can lock-in some tokens with the station for future trades

between the two → the car opens a channel

  • Inside this channel, they can:
  • sign and trade blockchain-enforceable information
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 3 / 10

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SLIDE 11

State Channels

  • Suppose a car and a charging station are frequently trading
  • The station sells energy (electricity, gas, hydrogen, etc.)
  • The car purchases it
  • The car can lock-in some tokens with the station for future trades

between the two → the car opens a channel

  • Inside this channel, they can:
  • sign and trade blockchain-enforceable information
  • without publishing on the blockchain (off-chain), nor paying fees
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 3 / 10

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SLIDE 12

State Channels

  • Suppose a car and a charging station are frequently trading
  • The station sells energy (electricity, gas, hydrogen, etc.)
  • The car purchases it
  • The car can lock-in some tokens with the station for future trades

between the two → the car opens a channel

  • Inside this channel, they can:
  • sign and trade blockchain-enforceable information
  • without publishing on the blockchain (off-chain), nor paying fees
  • at the speed of their communication protocol (e.g. TCP).
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 3 / 10

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SLIDE 13

State Channel

Phases: Opening a channel

Every channel has three main phases: setup, update and close.

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 4 / 10

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SLIDE 14

State Channel

Phases: Opening a channel

purchaseTokens(...)

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State Channel

Phases: Opening a channel

purchaseTokens(...) lockFunds(...)

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State Channel

Phases: Opening a channel

purchaseTokens(...) lockFunds(...) getTimeout(...) timestamp check()

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SLIDE 17

State Channel

Phases: Opening a channel

purchaseTokens(...) lockFunds(...) getTimeout(...) timestamp check() {LOCKED_FUNDS, address, txhash, tokens}

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SLIDE 18

State Channel

Phases: Opening a channel

purchaseTokens(...) lockFunds(...) getTimeout(...) timestamp check() {LOCKED_FUNDS, address, txhash, tokens} getTimeout(...) timestamp check()

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 4 / 10

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SLIDE 19

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ...

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SLIDE 20

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...)

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SLIDE 21

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...}

→

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 22

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 23

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel

←

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 24

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 25

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...}

→

verify(...) transfer some fuel

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 26

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 27

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel

←

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 28

State Channel

Phases: Updating a channel

{START_TRANSFER_OK, ... sign(...) {OK, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 5 / 10

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SLIDE 29

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 30

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...)

←

commitToClose(...)

←

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 31

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...) commitToClose(...)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 32

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...) commitToClose(...) closeChannel(...)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 33

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...)

→

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 34

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...) closeChannel(...)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 35

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...) closeChannel(...)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 36

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...) closeChannel(...) claimClose(...)

←

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 37

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...) closeChannel(...) claimClose(...)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 38

State Channel

Phases - Close

sign(...) {END, datahash, signature, ...} verify(...) transfer some fuel commitToClose(...) closeChannel(...) claimClose(...)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 6 / 10

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SLIDE 39

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

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SLIDE 40

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

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SLIDE 41

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • Update and close channel → that of communication protocol (e.g.

TCP)

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

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SLIDE 42

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • Update and close channel → that of communication protocol (e.g.

TCP)

  • Private vs trustless-based system
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

slide-43
SLIDE 43

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • Update and close channel → that of communication protocol (e.g.

TCP)

  • Private vs trustless-based system
  • For fully trustless system, both parties must have:
  • Contract address and Application Binary Interface ABI
  • Contract code
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

slide-44
SLIDE 44

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • Update and close channel → that of communication protocol (e.g.

TCP)

  • Private vs trustless-based system
  • For fully trustless system, both parties must have:
  • Contract address and Application Binary Interface ABI
  • Contract code
  • Scanning the blockchain, it is possible to know all interactions
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

slide-45
SLIDE 45

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • Update and close channel → that of communication protocol (e.g.

TCP)

  • Private vs trustless-based system
  • For fully trustless system, both parties must have:
  • Contract address and Application Binary Interface ABI
  • Contract code
  • Scanning the blockchain, it is possible to know all interactions
  • With ethereum, the trustless property comes at a cost in privacy
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

slide-46
SLIDE 46

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • Update and close channel → that of communication protocol (e.g.

TCP)

  • Private vs trustless-based system
  • For fully trustless system, both parties must have:
  • Contract address and Application Binary Interface ABI
  • Contract code
  • Scanning the blockchain, it is possible to know all interactions
  • With ethereum, the trustless property comes at a cost in privacy
  • State channels increase privacy (updates off-chain)
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

slide-47
SLIDE 47

Results & Improvements

  • Latency
  • Open channel → that of blokchain + that of communication protocol
  • Can be opened beforehand, or for multiple charges
  • Update and close channel → that of communication protocol (e.g.

TCP)

  • Private vs trustless-based system
  • For fully trustless system, both parties must have:
  • Contract address and Application Binary Interface ABI
  • Contract code
  • Scanning the blockchain, it is possible to know all interactions
  • With ethereum, the trustless property comes at a cost in privacy
  • State channels increase privacy (updates off-chain)
  • Fragmentable good
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 7 / 10

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SLIDE 48

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

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SLIDE 49

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • Forced expiration spam
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

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SLIDE 50

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • Forced expiration spam
  • Colluding miner
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

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SLIDE 51

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • Forced expiration spam
  • Colluding miner
  • Stale channel
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

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SLIDE 52

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • Forced expiration spam
  • Colluding miner
  • Stale channel
  • Future Work & Applications
  • SMS control logs
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

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SLIDE 53

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • Forced expiration spam
  • Colluding miner
  • Stale channel
  • Future Work & Applications
  • SMS control logs
  • SMSs connectivity
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

slide-54
SLIDE 54

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • Forced expiration spam
  • Colluding miner
  • Stale channel
  • Future Work & Applications
  • SMS control logs
  • SMSs connectivity
  • Logs on the road
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

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SLIDE 55

Risks, Future Work & Applications

  • Risks
  • Forced expiration spam
  • Colluding miner
  • Stale channel
  • Future Work & Applications
  • SMS control logs
  • SMSs connectivity
  • Logs on the road
  • Carpooling
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 8 / 10

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SLIDE 56

Conclusion

  • Blockchains can bring many applications for Autonomous Vehicles
  • State channels can help cope with the latency constraints
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 9 / 10

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SLIDE 57

Conclusion

  • Blockchains can bring many applications for Autonomous Vehicles
  • State channels can help cope with the latency constraints
  • We show here an actual implementation of a charging station
  • Evaluation
  • Improvements
  • Risks
  • Other applications
  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 9 / 10

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SLIDE 58

Q/A

  • A. R. Pedrosa & G. Pau (Sorbonne)

ChargeItUp: On Blockchain-based technologies for Autonomous Vehicles June 15, 2018 10 / 10