Chapters 1 & 6 Intro to Graphics Communication & - - PDF document

8/18/2010 1

Chapters 1 & 6

Intro to Graphics Communication & Technical Drawing Tools Scales

A drawing acts as the reflection of the visual mind, on its surface we can probe, test, and develop the workings of our peculiar vision Edward Hill

What is Graphics Communication?

• Effective means of communicating technical

ideas and problem solutions

• 92% of design process is graphically based
• 8% divided btw math, written, and verbal

communication

• 80% of our communication is verbal

8/18/2010 2 Mechanical Engineers/ Civil Engineers/ Manufacturing Engineers/ Designers/ Drafters

Creative people who use technical means to solve problems – Design

• Products
• Systems
• Devices
• Structures

– Concerned with practical aspects – Planning and production – Communicate by graphic sketching – Analyze solutions by specifying production procedures – Create technical drawings used to document the design – Create 3D models for initial design development – Produce final product of working 2D drawings – Concurrent engineering leader

• Develop product over time using 3D software

Designers…

• Think about the many features of an object that cannot be

communicated with verbal description

• Take visual image in mind of engineer and create on paper or

virtually on the screen using a solid modeling software.

8/18/2010 3 History of graphics communication PDM- Product data Management PLM- Product Lifecycle Management http://www.3ds.com/index.php?id=5831 1500 AD

Perspective using glass screen Perspective Drawing 1568 3D Modeling Mid 1980’s

Paper Folding Instructions

Need one sheet of paper Rules:

• Do not look at others folding work.
• Person giving instructions can only repeat once and cannot explain
• 1. Fold paper in half
• 2. Fold both outer corners into the center
• 3. Fold paper in half again
• 4. Rip 6 slits on the longest edge
• 5. Rip a tip off of the left corner
• 6. Rip two triangles out of the slanted

edge

• 7. Unfold the paper

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Paper Folding Activity Were the instructions confusing? What would have made the instructions more clear? How does this relate to the need for an effective means of communication in design? www.yourbabycan.com

4 Areas of Communication

• Spoken Language
• Writing using symbols
• Mathematics (Abstract symbol based)
• Graphics

What do these Mean? * / % + =

• #

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What is Technical Graphics then?

Real and complete language used in design process for:

1.Visualization 2.Communication 3.Documentation

Drawings- Graphical representation of objects

• Freehand sketch
• Mechanical sketch-using tools (rulers, etc.)
• Computer methods - CAD or other programs.

Visual Science- Study of the processes that produce images in the mind Geometry- foundation for technical graphics such as grammar is for language

8/18/2010 6 Shapes are the building block for technical graphics

Plane Geometry Solid Geometry

Descriptive Geometry - analysis of space distances and relationships using graphics Analytic Geometry – analysis of structures using algebraic operations and position coordinates

Conventions- commonly accepted practices,

rules, or methods. (Dashed lines, center lines)

Standards- Set of rules that govern how

technical drawings are represented ANSI- American national standards institute

8/18/2010 7 Current Standard? ANSI Y14.5M-2009 example with GD&T

Pick a partner Describe verbally to partner that sketches without looking at slide (3 Minutes)

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Sketching Techniques/ Tools

Media Types & Sizes

• Grid Paper
• Vellum
• Bond Roll
• Sheet sizes recommended by ANSI

A 8 1/2 X 11 B 17 X 11 C 22 X 17 D 34 X 22 E 44 X 34 F 40 X 28

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Scales

Scale Factors: 1:1= 1:2= 1:4= 2:1= 1:10=

Mechanical Engineers Scale (Precision)

1:10 or 1/10 = .1” 1:20 or 1/20 =.05” 1:30 or 1/30 = .033” 1:40 or 1/40 = .025” 1:50 or 1/50 = .02” 1:60 or 1/60 = .017”

MATH!!

.x= .xx= .xxx= AB -10 scale = BC - 20 scale = CD – 30 scale = DE – 40 scale = EF – 50 scale = FG – 60 scale =