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CHALMERS FORMULA SAILING
BIO-BASED COMPOSITES IN SAILING?
2019-03-14 Chalmers University of Technology 2
CHALMERS FORMULA SAILING BIO-BASED COMPOSITES IN SAILING? CHALMERS - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
CHALMERS FORMULA SAILING BIO-BASED COMPOSITES IN SAILING? CHALMERS - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
CHALMERS FORMULA SAILING BIO-BASED COMPOSITES IN SAILING? CHALMERS FORMULA SAILING 2019-03-14 Chalmers University of Technology 2 BACKGROUND 1001VELACUP 2019-03-14 Chalmers University of Technology 3 BACKGROUND WHY? 2019-03-14
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BACKGROUND – 1001VELACUP
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BACKGROUND – WHY?
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1001VELACUP - R3 CLASS
Length < 4.6m Width < 2.1m Sail area < 33 m2 Monohulls only
BOX RULE MATERIALS
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MATERIALS – HULL AND DECK
CFRP Aramid FRP Basalt FRP
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MATERIALS – HULL AND DECK
- Min. 70% of vegetable or animal origin
- Min. 75% of recyclable materials
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MATERIALS OPTIONS
Wood Bio-based FRP Recyclable FRP Aluminium
?
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WHAT REINFORCEMENT?
Cantero et.al (2003)
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WHAT CORE MATERIAL?
WOOD
+ Well proven + Bio-based + Easy to build
- Moisture sensitive
POLYMER FOAM
+ Well proven + Easy to build
- Not bio/recyclable
HONEYCOMB (AL)
+ High performance +Well proven + Recyclable
- Difficult to build
BIO-POLY FOAM
+ Easy to build + Bio-based
- Unproven
HONEYCOMB (PLA)
+ Bio-based + (High) performance
- Difficult to build
- Unproven
CORK
+ Easy to build + Bio-based
- Easily available
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WHAT MATRIX?
TRADITIONAL EPOXY
+ Easily available + Easy process +Mechanical properties
- Not bio-based/recyclable
BIO-EPOXY (50%)
+ Available + Bio-based
- More difficult process
ARKEMA ELIUM
+ Recyclable + Mechanical properties
- Sensitive process
THERMOPLASTIC (PLA?)
+ Recyclable
- Not used for boats
- Complicated process
OTHER THERMOSET
+ Easily available + Easy processing
- Not bio-based nor recyclable
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THE BUILD PROCESS
- Flax fiber reinforcement
- Balsa wood core
- Cashew nutshell epoxy (45% bio)
- Built with ”strip-planking” on CNC
cut templates
- Vacuum bagged
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CHALLENGES
- Fiber properties vary naturally
- Complex structural layout
necessary for performance
- The epoxy has high viscosity
and cures fast
- Fibers are hollow (lumen)
- Sensitive to moisture
Lumen
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THE DESIGN PROCESS
Structural design Material selection Rule compliance
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THE DESIGN PROCESS
Weather conditions Structural design Hull shape (hydrodynamics) Material selection Mast and rig engineering Sail plan configuration Rule compliance Centerboard & rudder design Deck layout (sail handling) Competitor analysis Crew requirements Performance (VPP)
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THE RESULT
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THE RESULT
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THE RESULT
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