CERN in the year 2000 A Status Report to the CERN Council Luciano - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

CERN in the year 2000

A Status Report to the CERN Council

Luciano MAIANI 15 Dec. 2000

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SUMMARY

• LEP Odyssey
• Hommage to LEP
• fixed target experiments
• Infrastructures
• LHC status:

– machine – detectors – computing

• The 5-yearly review
• Conclusions

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LEP performances evolution from 1989 to 2000

25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Integrated luminosity (pb-1) peak energy reached(GeV)

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LEP in Year 2000

• LEP has obtained important results in the last months of
• peration in the year 2000
• evidence for a Higgs particle at about 115 GeV/c2.
• LEP Collaborations requested a further run in 2001(from May

to October) in order to consolidate the data.

• Run in September and October has been very beneficial: significance

increased, better understanding of background

Statistical Significance September 5 LEP fest November 2

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LHC project

Orders are leaving on schedule and within budget; ≈ 1.7 BCHF committed ( CERN money+ special contributions) The civil engineerings have gone through a difficult phase, with comparatively little damage (≈ 6 months delay) The superconducting dipoles of the pre-series perform brilliantly One cryoline prototype is qualified, other two are being tested, contracts next year ALL LHC COMPONENTS HAVE BEEN TESTED (MAC, Nov.15) Detector construction is taking off LHC-C agrees they will fit in this schedule (but manpower problems) The updated estimate of the LHC schedule, which takes into account further delays in LEP dismantling was reported to CC of Nov. 17 and included in the LHC status report. It foresees: commissioning in 2005; a physics run at limited luminosity (~1-2 fb-1) in 2006; a higher luminosity run (~10 fb-1) in 2007.

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Higgs Boson at the LHC

• SM Higgs boson can be discovered at

≈ 5 σ after ≈1 year of operation (10 fb-1/ experiment) for mH ≈ 150 GeV

• Discovery faster for larger masses
• Whole mass range can be excluded at

95% CL after ~1 month of running at 1033 cm-2 s -1.

results are conservative:

• - no k-factors
• - simple cut-based analyses
• - conservative assumptions on detector

performance

• - channels where background control is

difficult not included, e.g.

( b

b WH ν l →

LP2

L is per experiment

LEP2

5σ

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• beam energy of 104.1 GeV (+1.5GeV), integrated luminosity of 200

pb-1

• Additional cost: 110 MCHF (40 LEP running, 70 penalities,

rescheduling...)

• Delay to the LHC ≈ 1 year
• CERN manpower is decreasing: ∆manpower≈ -100 FTE/year:

Works reported by one year will find less manpower to be executed

• Agreements with CERN Non- Member States on the LHC ?

MH= 115: 2.9σ → 5.3±0.5σ MH= 116: 2.6σ → 4.3±0.5σ

LEP RUNNING A FULL YEAR IN 2001: OBJECTIVES AND CONSEQUENCES may be inconclusive !!

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The future of CERN is in the LHC !!!

CC Statement

"On 17th November 2000, the CERN Committee of Council held a meeting to examine a proposal by the Director-General concerning the continuation of the existing CERN programme, which foresees the decommissioning of the LEP accelerator at the end of the year 2000. The Committee has expressed its recognition and gratitude for the outstanding work done by the LEP accelerator and experimental teams. It has taken note of the request by many members of the CERN Scientific Community to continue LEP running into 2001 and also noted the divided views expressed in the Scientific Committees consulted on this subject. On the basis of these considerations and in the absence of a consensus to change the existing programme, the Committee of Council supports the Director-General in pursuing the existing CERN programme."

This decision moves us definitely into the LHC era A powerful complex, machine and detectors, to fully explore the Higgs and SUSY region

Le Roi est mort Vive le Roi !!

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• 2. Hommage to

LEP

ECFA, Dec. 2000 …. express to the LEP Community their admiration for the excellent performance of the machine and experiments. The many beautiful measurements at LEP have established the Standard Model beyond doubt and events recorded at the highest energies have led to a strong indication of a Higgs boson around 115 GeV. Neutrinos and Unification

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Colour and asymptotic freedom

αS World summary

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Amaldi, de Boer, Furstenau

See also : Ellis, Kelley, Nanopoulos; Langacker, Luo

Dimopoulos, Raby, Wilczek Ibanez, GGR

MSSM

Unification Hints

Courtesy of

• G. Ross, LEP fest

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LEP calibration and Earth tides due to Sun and Moon

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MANY THANKS & CONGRATULATIONS TO CERN STAFF LEP COLLABORATIONS AND LEP FUNDING AGENCIES !!!!

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• 3. Fixed Target Experiments at CERN
• Restricted but high quality programme
• Few highlights only

– PS

• Commissioning of two new facilities in 2000

– Neutron time-of flight – Antiproton Decelerator

• HARP

– SPS

• Direct CP violation NA48 (extended)
• COMPASS
• Ion programme extended
• CNGS construction started

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Neutron Time of Flight Facility

Nuclear Applic. (ADS) 34% Detectors and DAQ 11% Theory and Evaluation 7% Astro physics 23% Nuclear Physics 20% Dosimetry 5%

Commissioned: Summer 2000

Intense beam of neutrons: Φ > 7. 105 n/cm2 /pulse

• E = 0.1 eV to 100 MeV;
• ∆E/E = 7 10-5 (via ToF

determination); Extremely rich physics programme

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Results (preliminary)

Slow neutrons

• BC702 data (5000 evts/pulse)
• MC spectrum folded with normalized MC efficiency

INTC - 27th November 2000

BC702 (Events Isolethargic in Energy)

1 10 10 2 10 3 1 10 10

2

10

3

10

4

10

5

10

6

10

7

Neutron Energy (eV) Reactions (dr/dlnE/4 1011 p

Au 4.9 eV Au 60.3 eV Li 239 keV

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Antiproton Antiproton Decelerator Decelerator (AD) (AD)

• Collects antiprotons at 3.6 GeV/c and decelerates them to 100 MeV/c
• Status:

– Commissioning: 4 April - 9 July – Physics run: 10 July - 28 November Achieved total 2260 h

• AD1 (ATRAP)

669 h

• AD2 (ATHENA)

225 h

• AD3 (ASACUSA)

567 h

• MT

797 h

• Beam parameters at 100 MeV/c

Achieved Design Fluence antiprotons / s 2.4 x 105 1.7 x 105 Antiprotons per pulse 2.7 x 107 1.2 x 107 Repetitions time 110 s 60 s

≈ as promised !!

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ATRAP

ATRAP Accumulate First Cold Positrons at CERN's New Antimatter Factory 29 August 2000 Contact Spokesperson:

• G. Gabrielse

Production and precision study of Anti-Hydrogen

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Cooling antiprotons in ATHENA

8. 8.2

10 20 30 40 50 60

after 8 sec

Number of annihilations (arb. scale)

Extraction time [sec]

Antiproton Capture + Cooling: successful

hot

antiprotons cool by contact with cold electrons Penning Trap Potential 20. 20.2

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

cold p cold p hot

after 20 sec

~ 15,000 antiprotons

captured per AD shot

~ 1,000,000 positrons

transferred per minute

Capture + cool antiprotons Accumulate positrons Detect annihilation of

• antiprotons
• positrons

ATHENA is ready for ANTIHYDROGEN PRODUCTION in 2001

• AGENDA 2000:

x 3 more antiprotons (degrader optimisation, HV increase) x 30 more positrons (stronger Na-22 source)

~ 15,000 /AD shot ~ 1 million in 10 sec

Transfer positrons

> 90 % efficiency

• Goals

2001

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Funded by ASACUSA (AD-3). Status. Tested in Aarhus (DK): 4 to 15 September Installed in AD : 2 to 20 October Physics run : 3 to 28 November Results: Deceleration to the range 15 - 100 KeV Transmission > 37 % (47 % design) Output intensity 4 x 106 antiprotons / AD pulse

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D r i f t-C h a m b e r r e p a i r a f t e r t h e b e a m -p i p e ac c i d e n t (N o v e m b e r 1 9 9 9 )

2 o u t o f 4 c h a m b e r s r e a d y b y X m a s 2 0 0 0 8 0 % o f t h e r e p a i r c o s t c o v e r e d b y i n s u r a n c e

NA48 Direct CP-violation

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Experiment

RICH 1 backwall mounting, May 10, 2000 View of the COMPASS Hall in 1999 showing the two magnets

COMPASS Spectrometer Layout

muon beam (100 & 200 GeV/c)

• Spin structure of the nucleon
• measurement of gluon-polarisation (∆G/G) using
• open charm
• high pT hadrons
• vector meson production (QCD factorization tests/ OFPD)

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The COMPASS Experiment

• Univ. Bielefeld, Univ. Bochum, ISKP Bonn, Phys. Inst. Bonn, Burdwan Univ., JINR Dubna,
• Univ. Erlangen, Univ. Freiburg, CERN, MPI Heidelberg, Univ. Heidelberg, Helsinki Univ.,
• Univ. Mainz,Univ. Mons, INR Moscow, Lebedev Inst. Moscow, Univ. Moscow,

TU-München, Univ. München, Nagoya Univ., Univ. Osaka, IHEP Protvino, Saclay, Tel Aviv Univ., INFN-Univ. Torino, INFN-Univ. Trieste, Warsaw Univ + Technical Univ.

New High Rate Experiment – double magnetic spectrometer 2000 – 1st installation run

• Concept of new DAQ-System proven successfully
• Detector-prototypes installed
• Compass Computing Farm (CCF – 200 PC’s) tested
• Central Data Recording (35 MB/s)

2001 - Technical run + 1st Physics run 2002-2006 Data Taking and completion of spectrometer

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HEAVY ION FACILITY

The heavy-ion facility was constructed as a collaboration between CERN and the following laboratories : GANIL Caen FRANCE INFN Legnaro ITALY Torino ITALY GSI Darmstadt GERMANY Institute of Applied Physics Frankfurt GERMANY Variable Energy Cyclotron (VECC) Calcutta INDIA Tata Inst. of Fund. Research (TIFR) & Baba Atomic Research Centre (BARC) Bombay INDIA Academy of SciencesPrague CZECH REP. In-cash contributions from: SWEDEN and SWITZERLAND

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Evidence for Unconfined Nuclear Matter ? CERN, Feb. 2000 J/Ψ fusion Strange Part. Enhanc.

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CNGS Construction Started

The magnetic "horn" lens prototype at the test bench at CERN

Beginning shaft excavation

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Restructuring the water system

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Review of Radiation Protection at CERN

• Pieter W.F. Louwrier, NIKHEF NL (Chairman)
• Herbert Dinter, DESY D
• Konrad Mück, Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf A
• Carl-Goran Stålnacke, Statens Strålskyddsinstitut, S
• Paul N.M. Wright, RAL, UK

First Meeting November 1999 First Report issued November 2000 Experts External Panel National RP Authorities + Institutes

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Status report on the LHC Machine L.R. Evans Scientific Policy Committee CERN, 11 December 2000

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255 116 148 104 174 330 1'467 225 47 150 34 42 174 1'031 200 400 600 800 1'000 1'200 1'400 1'600

Magnet system Cryogenic system RF,Vacuum,Beam cleaning, Beam

• bservation, Controls

Transfer lines, beam injection & beam dumping Civil engineering for accelerator Services and Installation Experimental areas

Total Commit. as known on 15/10/2000 (**) LHC Machine Cost estimate (price 2000)

MCHF

There maybe overcosts (but <20%) Phase II of cryoline still ahead of us (but there is a ceiling) Phase II of dipole assembly; power supplies 5-6 months delay; some overcost Supply of sc-cables on the critical path

General concerns: Performance of contractors CERN manpower for production follow-up Rise of the Yen

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Important steps at December 2000 FC

• Adjudication of contracts for:

– New sc cable producer – 400 MHz klystron – Additional tooling for sc dipole assembly

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Status of Underground Works ( Dec. 4, 2000)

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Training curves of the LHC Dipoles of the industrial pre-series N= Noell; O= AlstOm; A= Ansaldo

N.C. End

• C. End

7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.00

Magnetic Field at Quench B [Tesla]

S.S.Limit at 1.9K S.S.Limit at 4.35K B nominal = 8.3 Tesla B ultimate

MBP2N1 MBP2O1 MBP2N2 MBP2A2 MBP2O2

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String 2

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Non-member States - IHEP, Russian Federation

Extraction septum magnet

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Low-β prototype coil

Non-Member States - FNAL, United States

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Schedule

Detailed commissioning ? to be agreed with exp. Collab. Winter shutdown: Can we avoid it ?

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The Experiments in 2000

• ATLAS and CMS
• Fully in the construction phase, with all detector Technical Design

Reports (TDRs) approved already.

• ALICE
• Signatures of the Memorandum of Understanding being collected –

22 out of 30 funding agencies have now signed

• Entering the construction phase, with most detector TDRs

approved

• LHCb
• Memorandum of Understanding – content agreed and the

document sent out for signature

• Detector TDR submission in progress – should be fully in the

construction phase in 2002

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B0 prototype (1/3 lenght) First impregnated Barrel Toroid coil

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Payments for ATLAS Construction

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

YEAR MCHF

Present baseline expenditure Commitments approved by RRB through end-'00 Commitments including approvals through end-'01 Expenditure

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CMS :MagneticYoke on CERN site

ECAL: 40 Submodules assembled

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Payments for CMS Construction 3 2 20 43 78 75

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 Annual [MCHF] 100 200 300 400 500 Cumulative [MCHF]

Actual Annual Budget 2000 Draft Bud get 2001 Future Annual Revised Profile Actual Cumulative Planned Profile

69 146 221

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ALICE

• Progress
• Detector and Collaboration now well-defined
• Milestone chart not yet appropriate
• Approval of TDRs on-schedule
• Signature of MoU well-advanced – 22 out of 30
• Priorities worked out for optimum construction schedule
• Cost
• Cost matrix established
• Will be fully in construction in 2001
• Detector Systems
• Good progress, e.g. TPC prototype well advanced, HMPID’s in

final engineering

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LHCb

• Progress
• Detector and Collaboration now well-defined
• Milestone chart not yet appropriate
• TDR submission started – by the end of 2001 all detector systems

should be approved

• MoU finalised and sent out for signature
• Cost
• Cost matrix established
• Will be fully in construction in 2002

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Summary of LHC experiments

• ATLAS and CMS are progressing well

– not without problems – but these are all manageable

• ALICE – construction starts 2001
• LHCb – construction starts 2002
• All Detectors

– can be ready for April 2006 – and will be approximately on-budget

ATLAS: Potential overspend on Barrel Toroid (£ 10 MCHF), shortage of manpower in the institutes and for

• tech. co-ord., infrastructure provision for final assembly

CMS: Shortage of manpower in the institutes and an exposure to exchange rate fluctuations of ~10 MCHF

from R. Cashmore: Year 2000 Status Report

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LHC Computing Review http://lhc-computing-review-public.web.cern.ch/lhc-computing- review-public/

• Announced in autumn 1999, 3 panels and steering group
• First Steering Committee meeting 12/1999
• Review team should formulate and then comment

– substantiated software projects – world-wide analysis schemes and – the preliminary resource loaded work-plans, with milestones and objectives, supplying a coherent picture between experiments and CERN IT division

• Status today:

– input of data complete – final report from 'software' panel, almost final reports from 'world-wide analysis & computing model' panel and from 'resources' panel,

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LHC Computing - a Multi-Tier Model Monarc study: complete simulation of the model

Department α β γ Desktop CERN – Tier 0

(CERN - Tier 1) MONARC report: http://home.cern.ch/~barone/monarc/RCArchitecture.html

Tier 1

X Y Z

622 Mbps 2.5 Gbps 6 2 2 M b p s

155 mbps 1 5 5 m b p s

Tier2 Lab a Uni b Lab c Uni n }

Organising Software: "Grid- Middleware"

}

"Transparent" user access to applications and all data

'X''Y''Z': RAL, IN2P3, FNAL, BNL, FZK(?), . . .

The DataGRID Project

www.cern.ch/grid EU contract signed by all 21 partners for about 10 millions Euros of EU funding Project to start early 2001 Flagship project of the EU IST GRID programme Potential important role with IST CPA and RN EU calls for proposal in 2001

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5-yearly remuneration review

• Approved by TREF and FC
• A balanced package
• Increase in salary grid
• More flexible career structure
• Ad hoc measures for recruitment
• Long term care
• Saved Leave Programme incentivated

Good for CERN’s future

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Conclusions

• 2000 a crucial year
• Important decisions taken
• CERN is now launched in the LHC project
• Skill and motivation of Staff are a crucial

element

• CERN is well equipped to face the

challenges of coming years