Census Geographies Introduction to Fundamentals of Census - - PDF document

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Census Geographies Introduction to Fundamentals of Census Geographies GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies Census Geographic

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Introduction to

Census Geographies

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Fundamentals of

Census Geographies

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Legal/Administrative Areas

  • Existence and boundaries officially prescribed through

legal means to manage various programs

  • Census Bureau generally accepts boundaries provided by
  • fficial local entities

Statistical Entities

  • Created based on the programmatic and analytical needs
  • f data users for situations when geographic coverage of

legal entities is inadequate

  • Census Bureau cooperates with local entities to establish

standards and boundaries

Census Geographic Entity Types

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Census Geographic Entities

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Geographic Area Type Number Nation Legal 1 Regions Statistical 4 Divisions Statistical 9 States and Equivalent Legal 57 Metropolitan Areas Statistical 362 Urbanized Areas Statistical 405 Counties and Equivalent Legal 3248 County Subdivisions and Places Mixed 60,228 Census Tracts Statistical 62,276 Block Groups Statistical 229,192 Blocks Statistical 7,017,427 Special-Purpose Entities Legal/Administrative 404,583

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Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)

  • Issued by the National Institute of Standards and

Technology (NIST) American National Standards Institute Codes (ANSI)

  • Issued by the InterNational Committee for

Information Technology Standards (INCITS)

Unique Geographic Entity Codes

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Census Geographic Entities

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Nation Regions Divisions States Counties Census Tracts Block Groups Blocks Statistical Legal

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Regions and Divisions

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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  • Assigned a unique 2-digit code in alphabetical order

(Texas = 48) Statistical Equivalent Entities

  • District of Columbia
  • Puerto Rico
  • American Samoa
  • Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
  • Guam
  • U.S. Virgin Islands

States and Equivalents

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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  • Assigned a unique 3-digit code in alphabetical order

within each state (Harris County = 201)

Counties and Equivalents

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Geographic Entity Type Counties 48 states Parishes Louisiana Cities, Boroughs, Municipalities, and Census Areas Alaska Incorporated Places MD, MO, NV, VA District of Columbia and Guam No subdivisions Municipios Puerto Rico Islands and Districts American Samoa Municipalities Northern Marianas Islands U.S. Virgin Islands

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Counties in Texas

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Counties in Washington, DC Region

Introduction to Census Geographies Fundamentals of Census Geographies

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Census Tracts

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  • Small, relatively permanent statistical subdivisions of a

county

  • Uniquely numbered in each county with a 6-digit

numeric code XXXX.XX Target Population

  • Optimum population = 4,000
  • Minimum population = 1,200
  • Maximum population = 8,000

Census Tracts

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Census Tracts in Texas

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Census Tracts in Harris County

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Census Tracts Inside the Loop

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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  • Updated decennially through the Participant

Statistical Areas Program (PSAP)

  • Census tracts > 8,000 are split
  • Census tracts < 1,200 are merged
  • Small boundary revisions allowed as long as a

large amount of the population in the tracts is not affected.

  • All changes documented in Census Tract

Relationship Files so data can be compared between decades.

Updating Census Tracts

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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1970 Census Tracts

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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1980 Census Tracts

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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1990 Census Tracts

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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2000 Census Tracts

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Montrose Census Tracts

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Tracts

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Census Block Groups

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  • Statistical subdivisions of a census tract
  • Uniquely numbered 0-9 in each census tract

Target Population

  • Optimum population = 1,500
  • Minimum population = 600
  • Maximum population = 3,000

Census Block Groups

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Block Groups

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Montrose Census Block Groups

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Block Groups

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Census Blocks

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  • Smallest statistical subdivision
  • Bounded by visible features and non-visible

boundaries

  • Uniquely numbered 0000-9999 in each census tract
  • No population requirements

Census Blocks

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Blocks

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Montrose Census Blocks

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Blocks

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GEOID 482014106001018

  • State 48 = Texas
  • County 201 = Harris
  • Census Tract 4106.00
  • Block Group 1
  • Block 1018

Example FIPS Codes

Introduction to Census Geographies Census Blocks

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Nation Subdivisions

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Census Geographic Entities

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Urban Areas Core-Based Statistical Areas Nation Regions Divisions States Counties Census Tracts Block Groups Blocks

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Urbanized Areas (UAs)

  • Densely developed territory with 50,000 people
  • r more

Urban Clusters

  • Densely developed territory with 2,500 to 50,000

people Titles may contain up to 3 place names

Urban Areas (UAs)

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Core Based Statistical Areas

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

2010 Geographic Entities Type Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs) Administrative Metropolitan Statistical Areas Administrative Micropolitan Statistical Areas Administrative Combined Statistical Area (CSAs) Administrative Metropolitan Division Administrative Historic Geographic Entities Type Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSAs) Administrative Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSAs) Administrative

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Metropolitan Statistical Area

  • Contains at least one UA and > 50,000 people

Micropolitan Statistical Area

  • Contains at least one UC and > 10,000 people

Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs)

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Core-Based Statistical Areas

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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  • Two or more adjacent CBSAs with substantial

employment interchange

Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs)

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Combined Statistical Areas

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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  • Subdivisions of metropolitan statistical areas
  • Population greater than 2.5 million

Metropolitan Divisions

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Metropolitan Divsions

Introduction to Census Geographies Nation Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

State Subdivisions

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Census Geographic Entities

Introduction to Census Geographies State Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Core-Based Statistical Areas Nation Regions Divisions States Counties Census Tracts Block Groups Blocks Places Urban Areas

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Incorporated Places

  • Legally bounded entities established to provide

governmental functions for a concentration of people

  • Usually city, town, village, or borough

Census Designated Places (CDPs)

  • Statistical entities derived by the Census Bureau
  • Not legal boundaries
  • Usually coincide with visible feature or adjacent legal

boundaries

Places

Introduction to Census Geographies State Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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Places

Introduction to Census Geographies State Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

County Subdivisions

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Census Geographic Entities

Introduction to Census Geographies County Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Core-Based Statistical Areas Nation Regions Divisions States Counties Census Tracts Block Groups Blocks Places County Subdivision Urban Areas

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Minor Civil Divisions (MCDs)

  • Legally bounded entities
  • In 29 states
  • May have a formal government with elected
  • fficials

Census County Divisions (CCDs)

  • Statistical entities derived by the Census Bureau
  • Not legal boundaries

County Subdivisions

Introduction to Census Geographies County Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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County Subdivision Classification

Introduction to Census Geographies County Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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County Subdivisions in Harris County

Introduction to Census Geographies County Subdivisions

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

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GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Special-Purpose Entities

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Special-Purpose Entities

Introduction to Census Geographies Special-Purpose Entities

GIS/Data Center | Email gisdata@rice.edu | Lab (713) 348-2599 | library.rice.edu/gdc

Geographic Area Type Number Congressional Districts Legal 435 Voting Districts (VTDs) Legal 148,872 School Districts Administrative 15,274 Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs) Administrative 200,000 ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) Administrative 40,000