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Cells Multiple Choice Review

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Quantitative Review

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1 Animal cells, on average, have a diameter of 10 µm. The typical T4 bacteriophage, on the other hand, is 225 nm long. What is the length of a bacteriophage in µm?

Answer

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1 Animal cells, on average, have a diameter of 10 µm. The typical T4 bacteriophage, on the other hand, is 225 nm long. What is the length of a bacteriophage in µm?

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Answer 0.225 µm

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2 A rectangle is 8 cm long, 19 cm wide, and 5 cm

thick. The surface volume to ratio of the rectangle

is 1:x. Solve for x, rounding to one decimal place.

Answer

SLIDE 2

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2 A rectangle is 8 cm long, 19 cm wide, and 5 cm

thick. The surface volume to ratio of the rectangle

is 1:x. Solve for x, rounding to one decimal place.

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Answer 1.3

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3 The illustration below shows the results from gel electrophoresis: What is the approximate size of the DNA fragment in the unknown sample?

Answer

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3 The illustration below shows the results from gel electrophoresis: What is the approximate size of the DNA fragment in the unknown sample?

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Answer 2250 bp

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4 The tobacco mosaic virus is an RNA virus that is shaped like a rod and has a length of 250 nm. The plant cells that this virus infects have an average size of 100µm. What is the size of the plant cells in nm?

Answer

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4 The tobacco mosaic virus is an RNA virus that is shaped like a rod and has a length of 250 nm. The plant cells that this virus infects have an average size of 100µm. What is the size of the plant cells in nm?

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Answer 100,000 nm

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5 A sphere with a diameter of 90 nm has a surface volume to ratio of 1:x. Solve for x.

Answer

SLIDE 3

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5 A sphere with a diameter of 90 nm has a surface volume to ratio of 1:x. Solve for x.

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Answer 30

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6 The illustration below shows the results of running a DNA size standard through gel

electrophoresis. What is the mean for DNA size in

this sample?

Answer

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6 The illustration below shows the results of running a DNA size standard through gel

electrophoresis. What is the mean for DNA size in

this sample?

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Answer 1000 bp

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1 Various materials are transported into and out of cells by simple diffusion. The rate at which these materials diffuse is related to the surface area to volume ratio of the cell. Which of the following cube-shaped cells would be most efficient at removing waste by diffusion?

A L = 0.02 mm B

L = 0.04 mm

C

L = 0.03 mm x W = 0.02 mm

D

L = 0.06 mm x W = 0.04 mm

Answer

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1 Various materials are transported into and out of cells by simple diffusion. The rate at which these materials diffuse is related to the surface area to volume ratio of the cell. Which of the following cube-shaped cells would be most efficient at removing waste by diffusion?

A L = 0.02 mm B

L = 0.04 mm

C

L = 0.03 mm x W = 0.02 mm

D

L = 0.06 mm x W = 0.04 mm

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Answer A

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2 All cells have some similar cellular components. Which of the following is not found in all cells?

A Membrane B

Nucleus

C

Ribosomes

D

Cytoplasm

Answer

SLIDE 4

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2 All cells have some similar cellular components. Which of the following is not found in all cells?

A Membrane B

Nucleus

C

Ribosomes

D

Cytoplasm

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Answer B

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3 Halobacteria are a type of bacteria that lives in water with high salt concentrations. Sargassum are brown macroalgae (a type of plant), some of which are known to float freely in the surface waters of the ocean. Which of the following statements does not describe a difference between halobacteria and sargassum?

A Sargassum are larger than halobacteria. B The cells of sargassum have organelles while the cells of

halobacteria do not.

C Halobacteria contain chromosomes in a nucleus while

sargassum contain chromosomes in a nucleoid region.

D Sargassum are multicellular while halobacteria are

unicellular.

Answer

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3 Halobacteria are a type of bacteria that lives in water with high salt concentrations. Sargassum are brown macroalgae (a type of plant), some of which are known to float freely in the surface waters of the ocean. Which of the following statements does not describe a difference between halobacteria and sargassum?

A Sargassum are larger than halobacteria. B The cells of sargassum have organelles while the cells of

halobacteria do not.

C Halobacteria contain chromosomes in a nucleus while

sargassum contain chromosomes in a nucleoid region.

D Sargassum are multicellular while halobacteria are

unicellular.

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Answer C

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4 Which of the following organelles do not have a double membrane?

A Mitochondria B

Chloroplast

C

Golgi apparatus

D

Nucleus

Answer

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4 Which of the following organelles do not have a double membrane?

A Mitochondria B

Chloroplast

C

Golgi apparatus

D

Nucleus

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Answer C

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5 HIV is a retrovirus that causes AIDS and ultimately results in the failure of the immune system. Smallpox is a DNA virus that results in severe rash and blisters. What is an important difference between the two viruses?

A HIV uses the host RNA while smallpox uses the host DNA. B HIV uses the lytic cycle while smallpox uses the lysogenic

cycle.

C HIV utilizes reverse transcriptase while smallpox does not. D HIV has evolved antibiotic resistance while smallpox has

not.

Answer

SLIDE 5

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5 HIV is a retrovirus that causes AIDS and ultimately results in the failure of the immune system. Smallpox is a DNA virus that results in severe rash and blisters. What is an important difference between the two viruses?

A HIV uses the host RNA while smallpox uses the host DNA. B HIV uses the lytic cycle while smallpox uses the lysogenic

cycle.

C HIV utilizes reverse transcriptase while smallpox does not. D HIV has evolved antibiotic resistance while smallpox has

not.

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Answer C

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6 When a physician orders a complete blood count, which of the following is not accounted for in the results?

A Erythrocytes B

Leucocytes

C

Thrombocytes

D

Endocytes

Answer

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6 When a physician orders a complete blood count, which of the following is not accounted for in the results?

A Erythrocytes B

Leucocytes

C

Thrombocytes

D

Endocytes

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Answer D

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7 The bacteria shown below grow in chains and is responsible for many types of infections, including pneumonia in humans. Based on its shape, what type of bacteria is this?

A Streptococcus B

Bacillus

C

Spirochete

D

Coccus

Source: http:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Peptostreptococcus_spp_01.jpg

Answer

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7 The bacteria shown below grow in chains and is responsible for many types of infections, including pneumonia in humans. Based on its shape, what type of bacteria is this?

A Streptococcus B

Bacillus

C

Spirochete

D

Coccus

Source: http:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Peptostreptococcus_spp_01.jpg

[This object is a pull tab]

Answer A

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8 The first time an animal is exposed to a pathogen, the immune system responds within 10-17 days. If an animal is exposed to the same pathogen again, the immune system responds within 2-7 days. This quick response time is due to what?

A Immune velocity B

Primary immune response

C

Immune memory

D

Innate immune response

Answer

SLIDE 6

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8 The first time an animal is exposed to a pathogen, the immune system responds within 10-17 days. If an animal is exposed to the same pathogen again, the immune system responds within 2-7 days. This quick response time is due to what?

A Immune velocity B

Primary immune response

C

Immune memory

D

Innate immune response

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Answer C

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9 The liver is involved in the detoxification of drugs and poisons. One organelle, in particular, is the main component of detoxification. One of the results of alcohol abuse is an increase of this

rganelle in the liver cells, as the liver attempts to

become more efficient at ridding the body of the

poison. This contributes to the increased

tolerance of alcoholics. What organelle is used in detoxification in the liver?

A Smooth ER B

Rough ER

C

Lysosomes

D

Peroxisomes

Answer

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9 The liver is involved in the detoxification of drugs and poisons. One organelle, in particular, is the main component of detoxification. One of the results of alcohol abuse is an increase of this

rganelle in the liver cells, as the liver attempts to

become more efficient at ridding the body of the

poison. This contributes to the increased

tolerance of alcoholics. What organelle is used in detoxification in the liver?

A Smooth ER B

Rough ER

C

Lysosomes

D

Peroxisomes

[This object is a pull tab]

Answer A

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10 Bacterial cells have a variety of structures that help them to function. Which of the following is not a structure found in bacterial cells?

A Pili B

Taxis

C

Flagella

D

Plasmids

Answer

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10 Bacterial cells have a variety of structures that help them to function. Which of the following is not a structure found in bacterial cells?

A Pili B

Taxis

C

Flagella

D

Plasmids

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Answer B

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Questions #18- 20 refer to the following:

I. Animals
II. Archaea
III. Bacteria
IV. Fungi
V. Plants
VI. Protists

SLIDE 7

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11 In what way are the following structures related: chloroplasts, central vacuole, cell wall, and plasmodesmata?

A They all have double membranes. B They are structures that are found in plant cells but not in

animal cells.

C They are all involved in photosynthesis. D They connect adjacent cells. Answer

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11 In what way are the following structures related: chloroplasts, central vacuole, cell wall, and plasmodesmata?

A They all have double membranes. B They are structures that are found in plant cells but not in

animal cells.

C They are all involved in photosynthesis. D They connect adjacent cells.

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Answer B

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12 If a patient has an impaired immune system, a complete blood count will show extreme irregularities in what area?

A Red blood cells B

Hemoglobin

C

White blood cells

D

Platelets

Answer

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12 If a patient has an impaired immune system, a complete blood count will show extreme irregularities in what area?

A Red blood cells B

Hemoglobin

C

White blood cells

D

Platelets

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Answer C

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13 In the immune system response, some pathogens are brought into the cell and then destroyed via

lysosomes. What type of process is this?

A Phagocytosis B

Pinocytosis

C

Exocytosis

D

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Answer

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13 In the immune system response, some pathogens are brought into the cell and then destroyed via

lysosomes. What type of process is this?

A Phagocytosis B

Pinocytosis

C

Exocytosis

D

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

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Answer A

SLIDE 8

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14 The cells of animals are surrounded by extracellular matrix. Which of the following statements is an inaccurate description of ECM?

A It is composed of lipids and proteins. B

It regulates cellular communication.

C

It provides structural support.

D

It aids in cellular healing.

Answer

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14 The cells of animals are surrounded by extracellular matrix. Which of the following statements is an inaccurate description of ECM?

A It is composed of lipids and proteins. B

It regulates cellular communication.

C

It provides structural support.

D

It aids in cellular healing.

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Answer A

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15 What is the process illustrated below in Figure 1?

A Endocytosis B

Endosymbiosis

C

Exocytosis

D

Phagocytosis

Fig. 1

Source: http:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Endosymbiosis.svg

Answer

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15 What is the process illustrated below in Figure 1?

A Endocytosis B

Endosymbiosis

C

Exocytosis

D

Phagocytosis

Fig. 1

Source: http:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Endosymbiosis.svg

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Answer B

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16 Bacteria range from organisms that live in extreme temperatures to those that live in the intestines of animals. Although diverse, this group shares several similarities. Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

A They reproduce via binary fusion. B They are all unicellular. C Some are able to move towards or away from certain

stimuli.

D They exist in a variety of shapes. Answer

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16 Bacteria range from organisms that live in extreme temperatures to those that live in the intestines of animals. Although diverse, this group shares several similarities. Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

A They reproduce via binary fusion. B They are all unicellular. C Some are able to move towards or away from certain

stimuli.

D They exist in a variety of shapes.

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Answer A

SLIDE 9

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17 Cells are affected by a variety of biotic and abiotic

factors. Which of the following is not an example
f an abiotic factor?

A pH B

Temperature

C

Pathogens

D

Water availability

Answer

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17 Cells are affected by a variety of biotic and abiotic

factors. Which of the following is not an example
f an abiotic factor?

A pH B

Temperature

C

Pathogens

D

Water availability

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Answer C

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18 Which of the above contain plasmids?

A III B

III and IV

C

II and III

D

II, III, and VI

Answer

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18 Which of the above contain plasmids?

A III B

III and IV

C

II and III

D

II, III, and VI

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Answer C

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19 Which groups are eukaryotic?

A I and V B

I, V, and VI

C

I, II, V, and VI

D

I, IV, V, and VI

Answer

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19 Which groups are eukaryotic?

A I and V B

I, V, and VI

C

I, II, V, and VI

D

I, IV, V, and VI

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Answer D

SLIDE 10

Slide 30 / 52 Questions #27- 29 refer to the following i

.

Source: http:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Phage2.J PG

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20 Which groups contain plasma membranes?

A I B

II and III

C

I, IV, V, and VI

D

I, II, III, IV, V, and VI

Answer

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20 Which groups contain plasma membranes?

A I B

II and III

C

I, IV, V, and VI

D

I, II, III, IV, V, and VI

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Answer D

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21 There are a variety of different viruses. While they all have slightly different methods of infection, they all follow the same basic pathway. Which of the following lists the proper pathway?

A Build and store a supply of viral components. Enter a host

cell. Use host cell components to assemble new viruses.

B Build a supply of viral components. Assemble components

into viruses. Enter a host cell and release new viruses.

C

Enter a host cell. Use viral components to build new viral

parts. Use host cell components to assemble viral parts

into new viruses.

D Enter a host cell. Use host cell components to build viral

parts. Assemble into new viruses.

Answer

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21 There are a variety of different viruses. While they all have slightly different methods of infection, they all follow the same basic pathway. Which of the following lists the proper pathway?

A Build and store a supply of viral components. Enter a host

cell. Use host cell components to assemble new viruses.

B Build a supply of viral components. Assemble components

into viruses. Enter a host cell and release new viruses.

C

Enter a host cell. Use viral components to build new viral

parts. Use host cell components to assemble viral parts

into new viruses.

D Enter a host cell. Use host cell components to build viral

parts. Assemble into new viruses.

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Answer D

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22 Cyanide binds with at least one of the molecules involved in the production of ATP. Following exposure to cyanide, the cyanide would accumulate which part of the cell?

A Mitochondria B

Ribosomes

C

Lysosomes

D

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

SLIDE 11

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22 Cyanide binds with at least one of the molecules involved in the production of ATP. Following exposure to cyanide, the cyanide would accumulate which part of the cell?

A Mitochondria B

Ribosomes

C

Lysosomes

D

Endoplasmic reticulum

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Answer A

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23 Bacterial cells contain a structure called a

capsule. Which of the following is not true of

capsules?

A It is composed of polysaccharide. B

It replaces the plasma membrane.

C

It is found on the outside of the cell wall.

D

It is composed of protein.

Answer

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23 Bacterial cells contain a structure called a

capsule. Which of the following is not true of

capsules?

A It is composed of polysaccharide. B

It replaces the plasma membrane.

C

It is found on the outside of the cell wall.

D

It is composed of protein.

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Answer B

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24 As a cell increases in size, surface area grows at a different rate than volume. Which of the following graphs accurately depicts the growth of surface area in relation to the growth of cell size?

A B C D Answer

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24 As a cell increases in size, surface area grows at a different rate than volume. Which of the following graphs accurately depicts the growth of surface area in relation to the growth of cell size?

A B C D

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Answer D

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25 Serratia marcescens is a type of bacteria that causes respiratory and urinary tract infections. It

ften grows in bathrooms and is visible as a pink

film on surfaces. S. marcescens has the ability to move in response to light. This is an example of what?

A Binary fission B

Lytic cycle

C

Phototaxis

D

Exocytosis

Answer

SLIDE 12

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25 Serratia marcescens is a type of bacteria that causes respiratory and urinary tract infections. It

ften grows in bathrooms and is visible as a pink

film on surfaces. S. marcescens has the ability to move in response to light. This is an example of what?

A Binary fission B

Lytic cycle

C

Phototaxis

D

Exocytosis

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Answer C

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26 Which of the following is not an example of an

uter plant defense against pathogens?

A The thick cuticle of the agave plant. B

The waxy coating of magnolia leaves.

C

Programmed cell death.

D

Sticky excretions of fruit trees.

Answer

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26 Which of the following is not an example of an

uter plant defense against pathogens?

A The thick cuticle of the agave plant. B

The waxy coating of magnolia leaves.

C

Programmed cell death.

D

Sticky excretions of fruit trees.

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Answer C

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27 Viruses can follow different reproductive cycles within the host cell. Cycle B illustrates a reproductive strategy in which the virus incorporates its DNA into the DNA of the host cell. What is the name of this cycle?

A Temperate cycle B

Lytic cycle

C

Lysogenic cycle

D

Obligate intracellular cycle

Answer

Slide 38 (Answer) / 52

27 Viruses can follow different reproductive cycles within the host cell. Cycle B illustrates a reproductive strategy in which the virus incorporates its DNA into the DNA of the host cell. What is the name of this cycle?

A Temperate cycle B

Lytic cycle

C

Lysogenic cycle

D

Obligate intracellular cycle

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Answer C

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28 What is the main difference between Cycle A and Cycle B?

A Cycle A results in the death of the host cell while Cycle B

does not.

B Cycle A is a more successful reproductive pathway than

Cycle

C Cycle B requires reverse transcriptase in order to create

DNA from RNA.

D Cycle B is only used by retro viruses.

Answer

SLIDE 13

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28 What is the main difference between Cycle A and Cycle B?

A Cycle A results in the death of the host cell while Cycle B

does not.

B Cycle A is a more successful reproductive pathway than

Cycle

C Cycle B requires reverse transcriptase in order to create

DNA from RNA.

D Cycle B is only used by retro viruses.

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Answer A

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Questions #36- 40 refer to the gel electrophoresis result

Source: < http:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:PCR_gel_electrophoresis.jp

Direction

f

movement

Slide 41 / 52

29 Some viruses are able to switch between Cycle A and Cycle B. These types of viruses are called what?

A Obligate phages B

Retro viruses

C

DNA viruses

D

Temperate phages

Answer

Slide 41 (Answer) / 52

29 Some viruses are able to switch between Cycle A and Cycle B. These types of viruses are called what?

A Obligate phages B

Retro viruses

C

DNA viruses

D

Temperate phages

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Answer D

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30 Mitochondria and chloroplasts are different from

ther organelles in several ways, indicating that

they were once their own entities. Which of the following is not an example of how they are different?

A They have their own DNA. B

They have their own lysosomes.

C

They have a double membrane.

D

They have their own ribosomes.

Answer

Slide 42 (Answer) / 52

30 Mitochondria and chloroplasts are different from

ther organelles in several ways, indicating that

they were once their own entities. Which of the following is not an example of how they are different?

A They have their own DNA. B

They have their own lysosomes.

C

They have a double membrane.

D

They have their own ribosomes.

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Answer B

SLIDE 14

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31 When bacterial cells reproduce, they create identical copies of themselves. However, they also have the ability to share genetic information with each other. On what does this process depend?

A Extracellular matrix B

Taxis

C

F plasmids

D

R plasmids

Answer

Slide 43 (Answer) / 52

31 When bacterial cells reproduce, they create identical copies of themselves. However, they also have the ability to share genetic information with each other. On what does this process depend?

A Extracellular matrix B

Taxis

C

F plasmids

D

R plasmids

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Answer C

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32 The eye is constantly in direct contact with the

uter environment. What is the initial defense

system to protect the eye from foreign particles?

A Antibodies B

Mucus

C

Specialized skin cells

D

Immunoglobulins

Answer

Slide 44 (Answer) / 52

32 The eye is constantly in direct contact with the

uter environment. What is the initial defense

system to protect the eye from foreign particles?

A Antibodies B

Mucus

C

Specialized skin cells

D

Immunoglobulins

[This object is a pull tab]

Answer B

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33 Chemotaxis is the movement of cells in response to chemicals in their environment. Which of the following is not an example of this process?

A Bacteria use flagella to move toward the highest

concentration of glucose.

B Sperm moving toward an egg during fertilization. C Cells moving away from poisons introduced to the system. D Leaves move in response to light sources. Answer

Slide 45 (Answer) / 52

33 Chemotaxis is the movement of cells in response to chemicals in their environment. Which of the following is not an example of this process?

A Bacteria use flagella to move toward the highest

concentration of glucose.

B Sperm moving toward an egg during fertilization. C Cells moving away from poisons introduced to the system. D Leaves move in response to light sources.

[This object is a pull tab]

Answer D

SLIDE 15

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34 Muscle cells that are constantly expending energy contain large numbers of which organelle?

A Golgi apparatus B

Extracellular matrix

C

Mitochondria

D

Lysosomes

Answer

Slide 46 (Answer) / 52

34 Muscle cells that are constantly expending energy contain large numbers of which organelle?

A Golgi apparatus B

Extracellular matrix

C

Mitochondria

D

Lysosomes

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Answer C

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35 Animal and plant cells differ in a variety of ways. Which of the following structures are found in animal cells but not in plant cells?

A Lysosomes B

Plasma membrane

C

Peroxisomes

D

Cytoskeleton

Answer

Slide 47 (Answer) / 52

35 Animal and plant cells differ in a variety of ways. Which of the following structures are found in animal cells but not in plant cells?

A Lysosomes B

Plasma membrane

C

Peroxisomes

D

Cytoskeleton

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Answer A

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36 The first and last row are exactly the same with several more visible bands than the rows between

them. What are these two rows?

A Buffer B

DNA size standards

C

Dye source

D

Agar

Answer

Slide 48 (Answer) / 52

36 The first and last row are exactly the same with several more visible bands than the rows between

them. What are these two rows?

A Buffer B

DNA size standards

C

Dye source

D

Agar

[This object is a pull tab]

Answer B

SLIDE 16

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37 Where will the smallest DNA fragment be located?

A Closest to the loading well. B Farthest from the loading well. C It will sink to the bottom of the well and not be visible. D It will bond with other DNA fragments and be indiscernible. Answer

Slide 49 (Answer) / 52

37 Where will the smallest DNA fragment be located?

A Closest to the loading well. B Farthest from the loading well. C It will sink to the bottom of the well and not be visible. D It will bond with other DNA fragments and be indiscernible.

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Answer B

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38 An electrical current is used during the gel electrophoresis process. Based on the picture above, where is the positive end located?

A On the left B

On the right

C

At the top

D

At the bottom

Answer

Slide 50 (Answer) / 52

38 An electrical current is used during the gel electrophoresis process. Based on the picture above, where is the positive end located?

A On the left B

On the right

C

At the top

D

At the bottom

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Answer D

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39 After the gel is run, it is treated and placed in a UV

box. What is the purpose of this last step?

A The UV destroys any non-DNA molecules. B The UV enables the DNA fragments to be visible. C The UV radiation creates additional energy to separate the

DNA fragments.

D The UV permanently sets the DNA fragments in place. Answer

Slide 51 (Answer) / 52

39 After the gel is run, it is treated and placed in a UV

box. What is the purpose of this last step?

A The UV destroys any non-DNA molecules. B The UV enables the DNA fragments to be visible. C The UV radiation creates additional energy to separate the

DNA fragments.

D The UV permanently sets the DNA fragments in place.

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Answer B

SLIDE 17

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40 When a gel is run, DNA moves out of the loading well and separates from each other into different locations on the gel. What characteristics of the DNA result in these movements?

A Size B

Charge

C

Absorption spectrum

D

Both (a) and (b)

Answer

Slide 52 (Answer) / 52

40 When a gel is run, DNA moves out of the loading well and separates from each other into different locations on the gel. What characteristics of the DNA result in these movements?