Case Study for Applicability of a National LCI Database in an - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Case Study for Applicability of a National LCI Database in an - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Technology and Society Lab LCM 2007 session LCM in emerging countries Zrich (Switzerland), August 27 to 29, 2007 Case Study for Applicability of a National LCI Database in an International Context Ecological Footprint of the

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32nd DF LCA / Empa Akademie, Dübendorf / page 1

Technology and Society Lab

Case Study for Applicability

  • f a National LCI Database

in an International Context

„Ecological Footprint“ of the Chinese Electronics Industry, calculated w ith the ecoinvent database Roland Hischier, Martin Eugster, Martin Streicher-Porte

Technology & Society Lab, Empa, St. Gallen (Switzerland)

Huabo Duan

Environmental Science & Engineering, Tsinghua University, Bejing (China)

LCM 2007 – session “LCM in emerging countries”

Zürich (Switzerland), August 27 to 29, 2007

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Content ingredients results

  • ur way to achieve these results

… what does this mean for your projects ?

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Technology and Society Lab

Ingredients

ecoinvent data v2 Sustainable Development and China: Global Markets (i) an international project (ii) a database

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Technology and Society Lab

ingredient ONE – an international project

Sustainable Development: China & Global Markets

Identify and Assess China’s role and its potential in driving sustainable management with respect to the following three global product chains through the application of a “Global Commodity Chain Environmental Analysis”: Forest product chain; Cotton chain; Electric-electronic product chain. Initiate international engagement on issue of sustainable development challenges of China & global markets; Develop follow-up steps & strategies for further international cooperation.

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Technology and Society Lab

ingredient ONE – an international project

Sustainable Development: China & Global Markets

seco

Advisory Group

IISD

Empa

IISD CEEDI

MOFCOM

Research team Research team Research team

commissioner Study I: forestry Study III: EEE Study II: cotton

Öko-Institut Tsinghua U.

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Technology and Society Lab

  • > Database with consistent, harmonised, quality

controlled, international industrial LCA data

Support

  • government with accepted life cycle data
  • academia with transparent data
  • industry with easy to use indicators

Increase

  • efficiency in LCA work
  • Increase credibility and acceptance of LCA

…in order to support IPP, EPD, DfE, EMAS

ingredient TWO – a database

the ecoinvent database

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Technology and Society Lab

establish average datasets of the production, use and disposal of electronics devices and components (including all the subsequent datasets for the necessary basic materials etc.).

ecoinvent data v2.0

SP1

Use

SP2

Devices

Empa Dübendorf/St. Gallen SP3

Screens

project 1 “Metals for ICT” project 3 “WEEE disposal” project 2 “ICT Prod/Use” electronics @ ecoinvent

Coordination Coordination

part 4

Rh & Co

part 3

Gallium & Co

part 2 Cd / Antimon part 1

Gold/Silber

SP10

Toner module

SP6

Cable

SP9

drives (HD/CD)

SP5

Microchips

SP7

Components

SP4 Printed

Wiring board

SP8

batteries

Our contribution

… to ingredient TWO: extension in sector of electronics

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Technology and Society Lab

Our contribution

… to ingredient ONE: a Global Commodity Chain … Environmental Analysis of Electric-Electronic Industry

Market Analysis (IISD) Impact Analysis (Empa) Synopsis (IISD & Empa) (IISD & Empa)

section 1 Policy Framework section 4 Environmental Impacts section 3 Supply Chain Structure section 6 Analysis section 7 Policy Recommendations section 5 Social Impact section 2 Supply and Demand

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Technology and Society Lab

Our contribution

… to ingredient ONE: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study of … a desktop PC system in China Total life cycle of a desktop PC system (incl. 50% CRT, 50% LCD screen), used during 6 years.

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Technology and Society Lab

Manufacturing Distribution Use End of Life

Eco-Indicator'99 points

Human Health Ecosystem Quality Resources

Results – the life cycle of a desktop PC

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Technology and Society Lab

Results / II

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Technology and Society Lab

Results / III

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Technology and Society Lab

Production of a Desktop Personal Computer in China

2 4 6 8 10 12 motherboard floppy disk HDD CD-ROM PSU housing cables packaging production Eco-Indicator'99 points

Human Health Ecosystem Quality Resources

floppy disk 4% motherboard 54% HDD 6% CD-ROM 8% PSU 11% housing 8% production 3% packaging 1% cables 5%

Results / IV

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Technology and Society Lab

Results / V

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Technology and Society Lab

Production of the LCD-Screen (17-inch) in China 3 6 9 LCD module electronics housing packaging production Eco-Indicator'99 points Human Health Ecosystem Quality Resources

production 19% packaging 2% housing 3% LCD module 60% electronics 16%

Results / VI

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Technology and Society Lab

Results / VII

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Technology and Society Lab

Manufacturing & use generate very high environmental impacts, while the End-of-Life phase can result in a significant environmental benefit. Within the manufacturing phase of a desktop PC system the most significant environmental impacts are generated in the production of integrated circuits (IC). Apart ICs, all further components containing precious metals contribute also in a rather important way. Only minor impacts result from the (final) assembling of all components, semi-finished and final products to the actual desktop PC. Due to electricity consumption in the use phase, significant environ- mental impacts are generated during the lifespan of six years, even stressed here due to the fossil-dominated electricity mix in China. In the end-of-life phase the production of secondary raw materials result in environmental benefits.

Conclusions

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Our contribution

… to ingredient ONE: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study of … a desktop PC system in China Total life cycle of a desktop PC system (incl. 50% CRT, 50% LCD screen), used during 6 years.

B u t w h a t e x a c t l y h a s b e e n d

  • n

e ?

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Technology and Society Lab

A complex system to model

Transistor production (Mother)board, mounting

Final assembly desktop PC

IC, logic type, production IC, memory type production Raw materials, Metals Printed wiring board production Raw materials, Plastics Raw materials, Chemicals Power Transform. Assembly Hard Disk Drive Assembly Keyboard Assembly Optical Drive Assembly Monitor Assembly Optical Mouse Assembly CRT Tube Production LCD Panel Production Resistor production Capacitor production Diode production Wafer prod. (all types)

Use of PC

Electricity Electricity

Manual Dismantling

…

Mechanical EoL treatment Final disposal Manual Dismantling Manual Dismantling Recovered Materials

B u t w h e r e t

  • g

e t a l l t h e s e d a t a ?

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Tired approach for data collection

Desktop Computer production, China Use Desktop PC (China) LCD, final assembly (China) CRT production (China) keyboard production (China) mouse production (China) Chinese electricity production

Legend:

level 1 data (new data) level 2 data (adapted data)

Desktop Computer (import to China) LCD, final assembly CRT production keyboard production mouse production LCD module Printed Wiring Boards (various) Electronic components EoL treatment (State-of-Art)

  • etc. etc.

Raw materials

level 3 data (third party data)

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Technology and Society Lab

Requirements to background DB

broad database content

basic materials (e.g. precious metals !), electronic components, …

up-to-date, sound and easy to access database transparent, unit process based database comprehensive and transparent documentation

  • f each dataset
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Technology and Society Lab

Tired approach for data collection

Desktop Computer production, China Use Desktop PC (China) LCD, final assembly (China) CRT production (China) keyboard production (China) mouse production (China) Chinese electricity production

Legend:

level 1 data (new data) level 2 data (adapted data)

Desktop Computer (import to China) LCD, final assembly CRT production keyboard production mouse production LCD module Printed Wiring Boards (various) Electronic components EoL treatment (State-of-Art)

  • etc. etc.

Raw materials

level 3 data (third party data)

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Technology and Society Lab

Tired approach for data collection

Desktop Computer production, China Use Desktop PC (China) LCD, final assembly (China) CRT production (China) keyboard production (China) mouse production (China) Chinese electricity production

Legend:

level 1 data (new data) level 2 data (adapted data)

Desktop Computer (import to China) LCD, final assembly CRT production keyboard production mouse production LCD module Printed Wiring Boards (various) Electronic components EoL treatment (State-of-Art)

  • etc. etc.

Raw materials

level 3 data (ecoinvent data)

C r i t e r i a f

  • r

D B :

  • b

r

  • a

d d a t a b a s e

  • u

p

  • t
  • d

a t e

  • u

n i t

  • p

r

  • c

e s s b a s e d

  • t

r a n s p a r e n t

√ √ √ √

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Technology and Society Lab

Conclusion Data collection is a very time-consuming activity – thus … don‘t „re-invent the wheel“ everywhere in the world ! build upon existing data …

data that are transparent & on a unit-process level you can easily analyse them (-> are they adequate data ?) AND adapt them to your situation (if requested) – resp. expand the database by adding gate-to-gate inventories for specific processes related to your country / your project

… without trying to be „perfect“ from the beginning on

Can spread your new data stepwise and immediately Can be adapted to the actual budget situation in your country … Iterative procedure

„Take home message“

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Thank you …

Roland Hischier

Empa St. Gallen Technology & Society Lab „Life Cycle Assessment & Modelling Group“ Roland.Hischier@empa.ch / +41-71-274-7847 w w w .empa.ch/tsl