Canada, NORAD and the Evolution of North American Defence (EvoNAD) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Canada, NORAD and the Evolution

• f North American Defence

(EvoNAD)

• Dr. James Fergusson

CDAI Conference February 22, 2018

Introduction

• NORAD 60th Conference

– Winnipeg, May 24th – http://umanitoba.ca/centres/cdss/conferences/norad60.htm l

• EvoNAD

– Six component studies in temporal order of priority

• Air
• Maritime
• Cyber
• Aerospace
• Space
• Land

– Central assumption

• North America is facing a multi-domain threat environment

Short Term

• New Command and Control Structure

– Shift C2 ffrom NORAD Commander to Combined Forces Ai Component Command (CFACC) in CONR

• Air Tasking Orders from CFACC
• Air Battle Management Regional Commands

– CONR, CANR, ANR

– Resource Implications

• Triple Hatted Command (3Star)

– CFACC, CONR, 1st USAF

• Upgrade of CND Deputy (2 Leaf) dual-hatted, deputy CONR
• CANR Backup CFACC

– Political Image Implications

• Subservience to CONR?

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ANDYR

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UKRAIN KA

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TIKSI

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VORKUTA EAST

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ENGELS

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RYAZAN

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ELMENDORF EIELSO N INUVIK IQALUIT COLD LAKE COMOX BAGOTVILLE GOOSE BAY GANDER

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MAIN BASE FORWARD BASE DEPLOYED BASE

Russian Long Range Aviation Flight Paths

Source: NORAD



ANDYR

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UKRAIN KA

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TIKSI

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VORKUTA EAST

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ENGELS



RYAZAN

          

ELMENDORF EIELSO N INUVIK IQALUIT COLD LAKE COMOX BAGOTVILLE GOOSE BAY GANDER



MAIN BASE FORWARD BASE DEPLOYED BASE

Estimated Russian ALCM/SLCM Ranges

KH-101 KH-102 KH-55

KALIBR SLC 5500 Km/Conv

9600 Km/Nuc

3000km/nuc 2000 km/conv

Short to Mid Term

• NWS Modernization

– Life ends 2025 – Location

• NWS line
• FOLs

– Components

• System of systems

– Atlantic and Pacific seams

• Maritime

– No overaching command since SACLANT – Multiple Seams (Atlantic)

• RCN – Maritime Exclusive Zone
• USNORTHCOM (NAVNORTH) – 500 nautical miles
• EUCOM – NATO (Allied Maritime Command)

– EUCOM/ACM 1st line of Defence (archers) – 2nd Line combined maritime and air defence issue

Mid Term

• Cyber?

– Integrated NA economy and critical infrastructure – Public-Private Interface

• Is this a role for military and NORAD?

– US CYBER COMMAND?

• Aerospace (sub-orbital)

– Hypersonic Delivery Systems (US, Russia, China)

• Long range
• High Speed (Mach 5 to Mach 10)
• Maneuverable

– Merger of two domains

• Early Warning (NORAD)
• Air defence or missile defence mission or both?

Long Term

• Space

– Future propulsion technologies

• Easy transition from air to space
• Escaping orbital constraints
• Space X and On Orbit Servicing harbinger of future
• Weaponization ?
• Land

– USNORTHCOM DSCA/Canada Aid to Civil Power – Efficient allocation of ltd. Resources and contingency planning

• West Coast earthquake

– Utility of NORAD operational command structure

Final Thoughts

• A multi-domain threat environment dictates a

functional multi-domain command structure

– Functional logic which led to NORAD replicated for multi- domain threat environment response

• Unity of Command and unity of effort
• Range of Political and Organizational Barriers

– Outcome not inevitable – Gradual evolution over time

• The Unknown Variable

– US Unified Command Plan (UCP) or both?