www.perunamarsenseplastic.org
Is now or never! We will do our best to have an effective Balearic Waste Law. Our Mediterranean sea and the future generations deserve it. Will you help us?
5. Campaing to reduce plastic bags in Catalonia
Why the plastic carrier bag? • Symbol of throwing-away. • Easy solution : replaced by reusable alternatives. • All sectors need to work together • Strategic : it's reduction can be iconic of waste prevention • First step to implement waste prevention regulatory measures (proposal of a Catalan Waste Prevention Law).
Starting the campaign • Study “Reduction of the disposable plastic bag in Catalonia” (2007) – Aim: assessing different measures for an effective reduction of disposable plastic bags in Catalonia – Conclusion: No plastic bags free of charge. Voluntary agreements are not enough. Environmental tax of 0’20€ per bag. Catalunya has legal competence. A process of debate between all stakeholders was necessary: Catalunya Lliure de Bosses campaign (May 2008)
Aims of the campaign Place the bag issue at a social, political and media debate. Get supports from all sectors . Ask the Catalan Government the regulation of plastic bags: environmental tax of 0'20€/bag as a dissuasive measure to reduce its consumption. Economic fund for waste prevention campaigns . Set the Plastic Bag Free Day on 3rd July
Fairs
The Catalan Parliament http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iszv1LQyfOg
Conferences
Support from celebrities Emma Vilarasau - actriu Eloi Cordomí – meteoròleg Martí Boada - ecòleg Joan Domenec - ecòleg Toni Clapés – periodista José L. Gallego – periodista Nao Albert – actor Pablo Derqui - actor Claudia Cos – actriu Abel Folk – actor Ana Azcoro –actriu Anna Barachina – actriu Marta Milla – actriu Gerard Quintana – cantant Xavier Solà - periodista Arcadi Oliveres – econom. ... www.residusiconsum.org/catlliurebosses
Media impact
Catalonia free of plastic bags campaign -The origin of the packaging debate in Catalonia & Spain -Supported by >100 municipalities, 100 social organizations, 50 retailers associations and > 5.000 consumers -Important impact in society, media and Catalan & Spanish Governments - Plastic Bag Commitment -PRECAT20 (CAT) 90% reduction by 2020 - PNIR (Spain)- 50% reduction by 2010
Government Committee • Constituted by the Catalan Government. Promoted by Catalan Waste Agency (ARC, 2009) • Aim: decide the most suitable system to replace the free distribution of disposable plastic bags. Beyond voluntary agreements. • Representatives of all sectors involved • Plastic Bag Committment : voluntary agreements to reach reduction of 30 % by 2009 and 50% by 2012. If not reached: stronger measures. • Results: reduction of 50% bags/person, compared to 2007 (ARC). Consumption in 2015: 164 bags/person/year
Ban on free plastic bags in 2017 • Finally the Catalan Government implemented a law to ban delivery of carrier plastic bags for free in all shops and home delivery. • Since 2018 carrier plastic bags can't be delivered for free in all Spain.
3rd July, Plastic Bag Free Day First set in Catalonia, then spread all over. Global call to action ( plasticbagfreeday.org )
Plastic Bag Free Day (2008)
2009
2009
International Day (2010)
2011
2011
2011
2013
2014
Materials www.residusiconsum.org
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=gq_ClteVbxA Spanish: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYZFBkVYGrs
Review and perspectives • Has helped in understanding the concept of “waste prevention”. • Led many supermarkets to stop distributing free plastic bags and reduce its consumption. • Promoted the use of alternatives. • Efficient tool to raise awareness. • Useful to join and show the support of many sectors for waste reduction. • We keep asking the Government an environmental tax for a higher reduction of plastic bags.
Bio-based plastics: the temptation of the substitution
6. Green shops: Comerç verd
Challenge Opportunity The shops are synonymous of the values related to social, economic, environmental and cultural sustainability The environment has become in few years a vector linked to a modern and efficient business management OPPORTUNITY GREEN SHOPS Green shops
Green Shop are the proximity stores that allow citizenship to consume in a respectful manner with the environment. COMERÇ VERD The Green Shops distinctive indicates and guarantees the client that the excellence of the environmental offer What is it? Green shops
Specific objectives General objective Objectives consumption of responsible fundamental element in the commerce as a To boost sustainability options that it offers Visualize the contribution that the commerce in regards of the responsible consumption commerce and citizenship providing information Strengthen the relationship between proximity consume avoiding waste production Facilitate the right of the citizenship to does to improve the community sustainability Green shops
COMERÇ VERD Criteria - Enforceability of non free distribution of single use plastic bags - Sale in bulk - Sale of proximity products or fair trade - Sale of ecological products - Sale of returnable or reusable products Green shops
COMERÇ VERD Promotion (1) Elaboration of a Conscious consumer Guide Mapping of certified shops Letting service of wicker baskets or trolley Collective buying (reusable bags, tupperware and so on) Green shops
COMERÇ VERD Promotion (2) Responsible consumption promotions (discount vouchers, draws, etc.) Routes and itineraries around the shops Display of products sold on the Green Shops
COMERÇ - La Sagrada Família - Barcelona - Antiga Esquerra de l’Eixample - El Fort Pienc - La Dreta de l’Eixample - La Maternitat i Sant Ramon - Pedralbes - La Vila de Gràcia - Torrelles de Llobregat - Les Corts - Nova Esquerra de l’Eixample - Sant Andreu del Palomar - Sant Antoni - Sant Martí de Provençals - Sant Pere, Santa Caterina i La Ribera - Viladecans - Tiana VERD - Gavà Municipalities - Girona - Badalona - Argentona - Castellbisbal - El Papiol - La Bisbal d’Empordà - Santa Eulàlia de Ronçana - Palafrugell - Palau-solità i Plegamans - Pallejà - Sant Pol de Mar - Sant Vicenç de Castellet - Santa Coloma de Cervelló - Sarrià
7. Deposit-Return System (DRS) pilot implementation for beverage containers in Cadaqués (Catalonia)
Foundation for waste prevention and responsible consumption
Weak Producer Responsibility 2/3 of beverage packaging are not managed through EPR Some costs are not met by Green Dot Systems: Littering (beaches!) Disposal Separate collection at a standstill Glass below objective set by European Packaging Directive Lightweight packaging on the verge (very low objective)
Economic instruments & Waste Management In the European survey “Use of Economic instruments and waste management” (2012), it is stated that the adoption of economic instruments helps to improve the performance of waste management Among the economic instruments should be considered: Charges for waste disposal and treatment (landfill & incineration taxes) Pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) schemes Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Schemes for specific streams (packaging, ELV, WEEE, batteries, etc.) The Deposit-Return & System (DRRS) fits in the EPR Concept
The Deposit-Refund System (DRS) CONCEPT The producer or packager establishes a system to make possible the recovery of their packaging. To ensure this recovery, the producer or packager, thorough the seller , establishes a DEPOSIT (an economic value associated with each container) that costumer must pay in advance. Once the costumer deliver back the empty container to the system (shop or authomatic machine), the amount advanced is fully REFUNDED to the costumer. RETURN means that the container can return to the production line, for reusing or recycling, closing the cycle, where there is no waste but resources.
Cadaqués, the Island Village Located in North Catalonia With only 3.000 inhabitants, its geographical characteristics give it a character of island at all levels
Main Targets SPECIFIC TARGETS GENERAL TARGETS To assess return level with 5 € cent deposit. To show the feasibility of a DRRS. To assess the general acceptance by the To assess the impact of DRRS on local population waste management from environmental and economic point of view. To assess impact in littering and current waste collection system. Showcase for retailers, companies, NGO and administration. To assess return rate with deposit.
The expected performance of a DRRS
Stakeholder involved & Political Support Other Stakeholders RETORNA Cadaqués Council Fundació Prevenció de Residus Waste Agency of Catalonia (FPRC) Gremi de Recuperació (GRC) Local retailers 2 Supermarkets Technological Partners VALVI Tomra NOVAVENDA Rhenus 8 Small shops
What’s the pilot project about? Temporary DRRS for one-way beverage containers: April 15th – June 30th, 2013 Containers with 5 € cent deposit: Packaging: Plastic (PET) (< 3 liter) Cans Beverages: Water Juices Beer Soft drinks
Local Retailers involved 2 supermarkets with automatic return machines 8 shops with manual return system
Consumers left a deposit of 5 euro cents for each container when bought their drinks
When returning each container, either manually of through the automatic machine, the consumer recovered the 5 euro cents of the deposit. The ticket of the automatic machine is discounted from the next puchase or delivered in cash.
Containers collected from shops where stored in bags and labeled with a barcode to recognise which shop the containers came from
Counting center The bags where transported to the counting center, located in the industrial area of Cadaqués, where they were compacted in bales
Quantitative Results Sales and Return of containers subjected to DRRS by months (15 April–30 June) April May June TOTAL Return of containers (ut) 10.246 31.223 39.714 81.183 1. The return level was growing overtime, with uneven behaviour between weeks due to climatic factors (rainy days during Easter) and tourist fluctuation. 2. Last week of June the level of return reached 91 %.
Effect on Separate Collection & Recovery of Packaging The Separate Collection and Recovery of Packaging increased from 12 % to 66,6 %, which means multiply by Quantitative Results. III 5 the existing levels of separate collection & recovery before the introduction of DRRS pilot project. Before the pilot After the pilot (no DRRS) (with DRRS)
Results: Littering reduction The financial incentive helps to clean the town: giving an economic value to beverage containers it becomes more difficult to find them abandoned the town, beaches and natural areas. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% NS/NC Dirt i er 50% Equal 40% Cleaner 30% 20% 10% 0% Streets Beaches Seaside Natural Park
Qualitative Results Better quality material for recycling Usual quality materials High Quality materials Aluminium cans 0,75 €/kg 1,37 €/kg
Other considerations Reduction on the amount of waste to be collected and treated (light packaging, residual waste). Reduction of marine littering. Reduction of streets and beaches cleaning. Savings due to the reduction of all these services, estimated in 7% - 9% of annual cost of collection and treatment. Higher economic value in the market of high quality materials (steel, aluminium and PET) in relation to medium-low usual quality materials
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