Bullying in our Seconday Schools Findings from the Youth2000 Survey - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Bullying in our Seconday Schools Findings from the Youth2000 Survey Series

The Adolescent Health Research Group

www.youthresearch.auckland.ac.nz

School Safety Youth’12

• Most students report feeling safe at school

all or most of the time (87%)

• 9% were afraid that someone would hurt or

bother them at school

(p= 0.0002)

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Bullying

– “Bullying is when another student or group of students say, write or message nasty and unpleasant things to another student. Or the student is hit, kicked, threatened, pushed or shoved around. Bullying also means when a group of students completely ignores somebody and leaves them out of things on purpose. (Solberg & Olweus, 2003)

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Bullying at School Youth’12

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Bullied Weekly or More Often Trends 2001-2012

9.2 7.1 6.9 5.2 5 5.7 10 20 30 40 50 2001 2007 2012 Male Female

School-level and Student-level Influences

• School environment important in reducing bullying
• Most research uses only individual student level data
• Multilevel techniques can tease out and differentiate

student & school level influences

• Limited research among adolescent populations

School Student Student Student School Student Student Student School Student Student Student Level 2 Level 1

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Multilevel Analysis Measures*

Student-level

• Bullying measures
• Been bullied/Bullied others (weekly or more often)
• Characteristics: age, sex, SES/deprivation,

geography School-level

• Behaviour: students and teachers take action
• Characteristics: school-type, size, decile

*Denny, S., Peterson, E., Stuart, J., Utter, J., Bullen, P., Fleming, T., Ameratunga, S., Clark, T., & Milfont, T. (in press). Bystander Intervention, Bullying, and Victimization: Multilevel Analysis of New Zealand High Schools. Journal of School Violence.

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Analysis (Denny et al., in press)

• Prevalence of bullying and victimisation overall

and with respect to – student characteristics (demographics) – school characteristics

• Generalised linear models to look at student-

and school-level factors associated with bullying

– accounting for the nesting of students within schools (multi-level analysis)

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Prevalence (Denny et al., in press)

• Students being bullied (victim)

– 6% report being bullied weekly or more often

• More common if male, younger, low SES, minor

urban and rural areas

• Students who bully others (perpetrator)

– 5% report bullying others weekly

• More common if male, 14-15 yrs., low SES

School Characteristics

(Denny et al., in press)

• Higher bullying and bullying others in boys-only

schools

• Higher bullying others in smaller schools
• Higher reported teachers taking action

– Larger schools – Private and integrated schools

• Higher reported students taking action

– Private and integrated schools – Girls schools

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Multilevel effects: Being bullied

Parameter Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Intercept

• 2.68 (0.14)

3.10 (1.72) Level 1 (student) Age 15 years and under 0.65 (0.11)** 0.65 (0.11)** Gender Female

• 0.26 (0.10)*
• 0.10 (0.10)

Ethnicity NZ European Asian

• 0.14 (0.16)
• 0.16 (0.16)

Maori

• 0.52 (0.14)**
• 0.52 (0.14)**

Pacific

• 0.83 (0.22)**
• 0.80 (0.23)**

Other 0.38 (0.17)* 0.40 (0.17)* Socio- i economic ii 0.14 (0.14) 0.16 (0.14) status iii 0.30 (0.14)* 0.32 (0.14)* iv (high deprivation) 0.61 (0.14)** 0.63 (0.14)** Geographical Main Urban Minor Urban 0.25 (0.15) 0.15 (0.16) Rural 0.16 (0.14) 0.12 (0.14) Level 2 (school) Teachers take action

• 0.46 (0.42)
• 0.32 (0.43)

Students take action

• 2.55 (0.60)**
• 2.12 (0.77)**

School size 0 to 399 students 0.25 (0.20) 0.33 (0.21) 400 to 799 students 0.13 (0.20) 0.16 (0.19) 800 to 1199 students 0.13 (0.21) 0.20 (0.17)

• ver 1200 students

School type Boys-only 0.43 (0.16)*

• 0.001 (0.19)

Girls-only

• 0.80 (0.28)**
• 0.65 (0.33)

Co-education School State

• 0.30 (0.35)
• 0.90 (0.33)

funding Integrated

• 0.23 (0.26)
• 0.64 (0.33)

Private School decile 1 to 3

• 0.10 (0.24)

0.06 (0.21) 4 to 7

• 0.07 (0.16)
• 0.01 (0.15)

8 to 10

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Level 1 (student) – Model 1 FIXED EFFECT ESTIMATES Age 15 years & under 0.65 (0.11)** Sex Female

• 0.10 (0.10)*

Ethnicity NZ European Asian

• 0.14 (0.16)

Maori

• 0.52 (0.14)**

Pacific

• 0.83 (0.22)**

Other 0.38 (0.17) Socio- economic Status i ii 0.16 (0.14) iii 0.30 (0.14)* iv (high dep) 0.61 (0.14)** Geographical Main Urban Minor Urban 0.25 (0.16) Rural 0.16 (0.14) Level 2 (school) – Model 3 FIXED EFFECT ESTIMATES Action Tchrs take action

• 0.32 (0.43)

Stdts take action

• 2.12 (0.77)**

School Size 0 to 399 0.33 (0.21) 400 to 799 0.16 (0.19) 800 to 1199 0.20 (0.17)

• ver 1200

School Type Boys-only

• 0.001 (0.19)

Girls-only

• 0.65 (0.33)

Co-education School Funding State

• 0.90 (0.33)

Integrated

• 0.64 (0.33)

Private School decile 1 to 3 0.06 (0.21) 4 to 7

• 0.01 (0.15)

8 to 10

Being Bullied Weekly

• r More Often

(N = 8462)

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Multilevel effects: Bullying

• thers

Parameter Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Intercept

• 3.09 (0.14)

0.59 (1.56) Level 1 (student) Age 15 years and under 0.25 (0.11)* 0.28 (0.11)* Gender Female

• 0.90 (0.11)**
• 0.73 (0.13)**

Ethnicity NZ European Asian

• 0.20 (0.20)
• 0.21 (0.20)

Maori 0.63 (0.13)** 0.64 (0.13)** Pacific 0.36 (0.18) 0.42 (0.19)* Other 0.28 (0.22) 0.29 (0.22) Socio- i economic ii 0.07 (0.16) 0.09 (0.16) status iii 0.18 (0.16) 0.17 (0.16) iv (high deprivation) 0.46 (0.15)** 0.42 (0.16)* Geographical Main Urban Minor Urban 0.57 (0.14)** 0.51 (0.15)** Rural 0.39 (0.14)** 0.33 (0.16)* Level 2 (school) Teachers take action

• 0.08 (0.36)
• 0.14 (0.40)

Students take action

• 1.5 (0.56)**
• 1.18 (0.70)

School size 0 to 399 students 0.27 (0.17) 0.30 (0.20) 400 to 799 students

• 0.06 (0.16)
• 0.07 (0.17)

800 to 1199 students

• 0.20 (0.17)
• 0.18 (0.16)
• ver 1200 students

School type Boys 0.20 (0.14)

• 0.06 (0.17)

Girls

• 0.83 (0.32)*
• 0.54 (0.33)

Co-education School funding State

• 0.36 (0.24)
• 1.01 (0.30)**

Integrated

• 0.33 (0.27)
• 0.95 (0.29)**

Private School decile 1 to 3

• 0.18 (0.20)

0.007 (0.20) 4 to 7 0.03 (0.15) 0.09 (0.14) 8 to 10

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Bullying Others Weekly or More Often (N = 8435)

Level 1 (student) - Model 1 Age 15 ys & under 0.25 (0.11) Sex Female

• 0.90 (0.13)**

Ethnicity NZ European Asian

• 0.20 (0.20)

Maori 0.63 (0.13)** Pacific 0.36 (0.18) Other 0.28 (0.22) Socio- economic Status i ii 0.07 (0.16) iii 0.18 (0.16) iv (high dep) 0.42 (0.15)* Geographical Main Urban Minor Urban 0.57 (0.15)** Rural 0.39 (0.16)* Level 2 (school) – Model 3 Action Tchrs take action

• 0.14 (0.40)

Stdts take action

• 1.18 (0.70)

School Size 0 to 399 0.30 (0.20) 400 to 799

• 0.07 (0.17)

800 to 1199

• 0.18 (0.16)
• ver 1200

School Type Boys

• 0.06 (0.17)

Girls

• 0.54 (0.33)

Co-education School Funding State

• 1.01 (0.30)**

Integrated

• 0.95 (0.29)**

Private School Decile 1 to 3 0.007 (0.20) 4 to 7 0.09 (0.14) 8 to 10

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Summary

• Most students feel safe at school
• Notable amount of bullying
• Certain student level factors are associated with

bullying

• Very few school level factor associated with

bullying

• Students taking action associated with less bullying
• Interventions to increase student action may help

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