Breaking the Mold: Can New Zealand increase its wealth via the high - - PDF document

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Breaking the Mold:

Can New Zealand increase its wealth via the high technology route? Paul Callaghan Alan MacDiarmid Professor of Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington

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Digital age and beyond?

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Land area Population

http://www.sasi.group.shef.ac.uk/worldmapper/textindex/text_transport.html

Land area Net Dairy exports

http://www.sasi.group.shef.ac.uk/worldmapper/textindex/text_transport.html

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Land area Aircraft passengers

http://www.sasi.group.shef.ac.uk/worldmapper/textindex/text_transport.html proportion of worldwide aircraft passengers flying on aircraft registered there

Land area Tourist destinations

proportion of world international tourist trips to that territory. http://www.sasi.group.shef.ac.uk/worldmapper/textindex/text_transport.html

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Land area Electronics Net exports

http://www.sasi.group.shef.ac.uk/worldmapper/textindex/text_transport.html

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Meat Dairy Fish Fr & Veg Indust raw mat met als Manufact Tourism 2000 4000 6000 8000

2005 annual export income (NZTE) Sector

• ther

primary

• ther

Food and Beverage

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Trend in per capita GDP relative to OECD average

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Meat Exports/Pharmaceutical Imports

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010

Year

Source: David Bibby, IRL, 1998

Com pany Type Sales Net Em pls Revnue Net per annum per annum / em pl / em pl 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 5 per annum ( US m ill) ( US m ill) ( NZ$ ) ( NZ$ )

Apple computer

$13,931 $1,335

16,820 $1,335,871 $128,016 Microsoft software $44,282 $12,599 61,000 $1,170,862 $333,131 Genentech Biotechnology $6,633 $1,279 9,500 $1,126,214 $217,148 Nokia cellphones $40,495 $4,242 58,874 $1,109,395 $116,213 Samsung consumer electronics $78,250 $10,300 123,000 $1,026,095 $135,064 Hewlett Packard computers, electronic instrum $90,866 $2,513 150,000 $977,054 $27,020 Garmin Global positioning systems $558 $242 986 $912,779 $395,865 Pfizer pharma $51,298 $8,085 106,000 $780,554 $123,022 Sony Corp Consumer electronics and entmn $63,541 $1,050 158,500 $646,596 $10,685 Varian semiconductor semiconductor instruments $601 $72 1,518 $638,042 $76,501 Intel semiconductor devices $38,826 $8,664 99,900 $626,853 $139,882 Varian medical Medical imaging $1,383 $207 3,600 $619,444 $92,742 Astrazeneca pharma $23,950 $3,884 64,900 $595,209 $96,526 Boeing Aviation, military $54,845 $2,572 153,000 $578,168 $27,114 Raytheon Military, communications $21,894 $871 80,000 $441,411 $17,560 Northrop Grumman Military, aviation $30,721 $1,400 123,600 $400,890 $18,269 Agilent Electronics test equipment $5,139 $327 21,000 $394,700 $25,115 Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals $1,666 $258 6,849 $392,334 $60,758 Tektronix Electronics test equipment $1,039 $92 4,334 $386,665 $34,238 Gen-Vec Biotechnology $26 ($14) 109 $384,729

• $207,162

Newport Optical devices and sensors $403 $12 1,870 $347,594 $10,005 Walmart Discount department store $315,654 $11,231 1,800,000 $282,844 $10,064 McDonalds Fast food chain $20,460 $2,602 447,000 $73,826 $9,389 Nike Sportswear $14,955 $1,392 28,000 $861,457 $80,184

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Com pany Type Sales Net Em pls Revnue Net per annum per annum / em pl / em pl 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 5 per annum ( US m ill) ( US m ill) ( NZ$ ) ( NZ$ )

Apple computer

$13,931 $1,335

16,820 $1,335,871 $128,016 Microsoft software $44,282 $12,599 61,000 $1,170,862 $333,131 Genentech Biotechnology $6,633 $1,279 9,500 $1,126,214 $217,148 Nokia cellphones $40,495 $4,242 58,874 $1,109,395 $116,213 Samsung consumer electronics $78,250 $10,300 123,000 $1,026,095 $135,064 Hewlett Packard computers, electronic instrum $90,866 $2,513 150,000 $977,054 $27,020 Garmin Global positioning systems $558 $242 986 $912,779 $395,865 Pfizer pharma $51,298 $8,085 106,000 $780,554 $123,022 Sony Corp Consumer electronics and entmn $63,541 $1,050 158,500 $646,596 $10,685 Varian semiconductor semiconductor instruments $601 $72 1,518 $638,042 $76,501 Intel semiconductor devices $38,826 $8,664 99,900 $626,853 $139,882 Varian medical Medical imaging $1,383 $207 3,600 $619,444 $92,742 Astrazeneca pharma $23,950 $3,884 64,900 $595,209 $96,526 Boeing Aviation, military $54,845 $2,572 153,000 $578,168 $27,114 Raytheon Military, communications $21,894 $871 80,000 $441,411 $17,560 Northrop Grumman Military, aviation $30,721 $1,400 123,600 $400,890 $18,269 Agilent Electronics test equipment $5,139 $327 21,000 $394,700 $25,115 Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals $1,666 $258 6,849 $392,334 $60,758 Tektronix Electronics test equipment $1,039 $92 4,334 $386,665 $34,238 Gen-Vec Biotechnology $26 ($14) 109 $384,729

• $207,162

Newport Optical devices and sensors $403 $12 1,870 $347,594 $10,005 Walmart Discount department store $315,654 $11,231 1,800,000 $282,844 $10,064 McDonalds Fast food chain $20,460 $2,602 447,000 $73,826 $9,389 Nike Sportswear $14,955 $1,392 28,000 $861,457 $80,184

Com pany Type Sales Net Em pls Revnue Net per annum per annum / em pl / em pl 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 5 per annum ( US m ill) ( US m ill) ( NZ$ ) ( NZ$ )

Apple computer

$13,931 $1,335

16,820 $1,335,871 $128,016 Microsoft software $44,282 $12,599 61,000 $1,170,862 $333,131 Genentech Biotechnology $6,633 $1,279 9,500 $1,126,214 $217,148 Nokia cellphones $40,495 $4,242 58,874 $1,109,395 $116,213 Samsung consumer electronics $78,250 $10,300 123,000 $1,026,095 $135,064 Hewlett Packard computers, electronic instrum $90,866 $2,513 150,000 $977,054 $27,020 Garmin Global positioning systems $558 $242 986 $912,779 $395,865 Pfizer pharma $51,298 $8,085 106,000 $780,554 $123,022 Sony Corp Consumer electronics and entmn $63,541 $1,050 158,500 $646,596 $10,685 Varian semiconductor semiconductor instruments $601 $72 1,518 $638,042 $76,501 Intel semiconductor devices $38,826 $8,664 99,900 $626,853 $139,882 Varian medical Medical imaging $1,383 $207 3,600 $619,444 $92,742 Astrazeneca pharma $23,950 $3,884 64,900 $595,209 $96,526 Boeing Aviation, military $54,845 $2,572 153,000 $578,168 $27,114 Raytheon Military, communications $21,894 $871 80,000 $441,411 $17,560 Northrop Grumman Military, aviation $30,721 $1,400 123,600 $400,890 $18,269 Agilent Electronics test equipment $5,139 $327 21,000 $394,700 $25,115 Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals $1,666 $258 6,849 $392,334 $60,758 Tektronix Electronics test equipment $1,039 $92 4,334 $386,665 $34,238 Walmart Discount department store $315,654 $11,231 1,800,000 $282,844 $10,064 McDonalds Fast food chain $20,460 $2,602 447,000 $73,826 $9,389 Nike Sportswear $14,955 $1,392 28,000 $861,457 $80,184 Meridian Energy (large assets) $1,025 $263 480 $3,370,833 $883,333 Auckland airport Ltd assets+ clipping the ticket $180 $64 280 $1,037,143 $367,857 Fletcher building construction $3,422 $370 11,000 $501,818 $54,182 Fonterra Dairy products $8,060 $151 38,000 $342,105 $24,400 F and P Health Care Medical technologies $180 $59 1,250 $232,000 $75,840 Rakon GPS devices $49 $5 450 $174,000 $17,067 $496 4,600 $173,913 Tourism (Min Tourism data) $10,788 176,000 $98,864 68 Electronics companies

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Perceptions of Crowding by Track Surveyed

10 18 45 27 51 Tongariro (GW) 7 24 48 21 29 Lake Waikaremoana (GW) % % % % North Island Extremely Crowded Moderately Crowded Slightly Crowded Not at all Crowded n2 Track Name UoO dept Tourism

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From Wellington to the world via Antarctica

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February August

NOAA

Largest seasonal event on planet

Annual growth and decay of the sea ice

3 million km2 19 million km2

The justification

1981

Earth’s field NMR system developed

The science trick

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Improvements to apparatus 2002 2002

Science Impact

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From climate change to business?

Company location-TuP incubator CEO-Andrew Coy

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Established December 2004

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A world leading company creating innovative, mobile NMR products With applications in Industry, Research and Teaching

Company vision Products

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Products

One sided access NMR

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• Off to a great start: existing products selling well
• Target $500 000 of business in 2006
• Significant potential for new products: the market interest

is already there. 1945

Felix Bloch Edward Purcell

The Nobel Prize In Physics 1952

30 MHz 0.68 T

2006

The science mystery

?

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1945

Felix Bloch Edward Purcell

The Nobel Prize In Physics 1952

30 MHz 0.68 T

2006

The science mystery

The transistor The digital computer New magnet technology

“The process by which discoveries are made is almost always turbulent with chance or accident, and only rarely is a discovery the result of careful, rational, planning. The fundamental mechanism of innovation is the way things come together and connect” James Burke “The Pinball Effect”, 1996

How science and technology work

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NERF NERF 1999- 2005

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NERF 1999- 2005 NERF 1999- 2005

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NERF 1999- 2005

KPIs

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KPIs KPIs

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KPIs

Environment Industry

NZ POR DEN IRL CAN AUST FIN USA BEL MEX TA FR JPN NED SW GER SP UK

Agriculture, F and F

Our place on the research funding phase diagram

Source: David Bibby, IRL, 1998

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NERF prescriptiveness 2006/7 RFPs

Responsive mode:

• How do public servants plan our portfolios?
• NERF, a tool for responsive funding?
• Excellent Science and Technology

but “with attitude”

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We didn’t plan for them - would we have supported them?

Government R and D investment 0.52 % GDP OECD average 0.68 % GDP

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Estimated Government Nanotechnology R&D Investments in 2005 (US$ Millions). Source: President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (2005). The National Nanotechnology Initiative at Five Years: Assessment and Recommendations

• f the National Nanotechnology Advisory Panel.

$3.3 16 m Israel $1 4 m New Zealand $3.3 1050 m EU $7.5 950 m Japan $3.8 76 m Australia US$ 3.7 1081 m USA Per annum US$ Per capita US$

Government R and D investment 0.52 % GDP OECD average 0.68 % GDP Nanotechnology R and D investment

New Zealand Japan EU USA Norway Finland Denmark Sweden Scientific publications per thousand population

Finnish Academy of sciences

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U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE Electronic Information Products Division

2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990

Patents per capita year USA Taiwan Japan United Kingdom Finland Israel Sweden Singapore Australia New Zealand Spain Mexico 100 200 300 400

US patents per 1000 population US patents per 1000 population 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

www.macdiarmid.ac.nz

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Productivity

A B

Institute Co-publication, 2002 (A) and 2004 (B). Each dot represents one author. Number of co-authorships represented by strength of line.

Connectivity

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Nano firm clinches US deal Novel methods for manipulating clusters of atoms - and forming them into electrically conducting wire - are being taken into the American market by scientist Simon Brown, of Canterbury University's physics and astronomy department. Brown is executive director of Christchurch technology company Nanocluster Devices (NCD), which has just signed a joint venture with a leading American nanotechnology manufacturer to commercialise his research.

Business spin off

NZ nanotech com pany gains high profile in US

02 April 2005

A New Zealand com pany has m ade the cover of Sem iconductor I nternational, the biggest m agazine targeting the global sem iconductor industry. Christchurch company Nano Cluster Devices Ltd (NCD), which is commercialising novel methods developed by Canterbury University for manipulating clusters of atoms - and forming them into electrically conducting wire is featured in the April issue of the magazine which has a circulation of 50,000.

Business spin off

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Battery commercialisation deal signed

Intellectual property developed by researchers in the Institute of Fundamental Sciences is about to revolutionise the $200 billion global battery market. The University has just signed its biggest commercialisation deal yet with United States-based company Anzode Inc. to take a revolutionary zinc battery technology, developed by Dr Simon Hall and Dr Michael Liu, working in the Nanomaterials Research Centre, to the international market. Dr Hall is also a Principal Investigator in the MacDiarmid Insititue for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology. Massey has granted Anzode an exclusive global licence to the zinc battery technology, which has been patented in more than 30 countries and territories, at a cost of more than US$100,000, paid for by Anzode.

Business spin off Business spin off

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Business spin off

$20000 per annum reserved for School outreach activities, utilising the Awhina programme Strong public science education programme

Outreach

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Robert Fruean 2002 Robert Fruean 2006

Outreach

Prime Minister Lee Shelley Scott

Impact

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AMN-1 (Wellington, 2003) AMN-2 (Queenstown, 2005) AMN-3 (Wellington, 2007) Alan MacDiarmid Alan Heeger Hideki Shirakawa Klaus von Klitzing Harry Kroto Stephen Chu

Linkage to world The future

Transforming postgraduate physical sciences: World-connected, entrepreneurial, engaged with public

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Our Vision

World class New Zealand physical science research

• New Zealanders as world class scientists in New Zealand
• attracting the world’s best to New Zealand
• re-connecting the Kiwi diaspora

Building a new role for physical science in New Zealand

• internationally connected
• wealth generating
• a focal point for the society, especially the young

Educating a new generation of physical scientists

• excellent, entrepreneurial, communicative and socially aware
• seeking lifetime contributions to New Zealand

www.macdiarmid.ac.nz