BONE HEAD ARCHAEOLOGY From A to Z: Archaeologists, Zooarchaeology, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Jan 08, 2023 338 likes •681 views

BONE HEAD ARCHAEOLOGY From A to Z: Archaeologists, Zooarchaeology, and the Tales Bones Tell By Diane Hanson Alaska Consortium of Zooarchaeologists & Department of Anthropology, UAA HOW IS ZOOARCHAEOLOGY DIFFERENT FROM ZOOLOGY? TIME

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From A to Z: Archaeologists, Zooarchaeology, and the Tales Bones Tell

By Diane Hanson Alaska Consortium of Zooarchaeologists & Department of Anthropology, UAA

BONE HEAD ARCHAEOLOGY

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HOW IS ZOOARCHAEOLOGY DIFFERENT FROM ZOOLOGY?

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TIME DEPTH

Photograph by Claire Alix

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RANGE OF TOPICS ZOOARCHAEOLOGY COVERS

subsistence biogeography Social organization religion ethnicity Season of occupation diet taphonomy (site formation) environmental conditions & Climate change site use changes in animal morphology effects of hunting

n fauna/populations

Butchering Animal domestication

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THE COMPARATIVE COLLECTION

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Hometown U: Bone collection gives researchers a boost

By Kathleen McCoy Hometown U July 6, 2013

Read more here: http://www.adn.com/2013/07/06/2966269/hometown-u-bone- collection-gives.html#storylink=cpy http://www.adn.com/2013/07/06/2966269/hometown-u-bone-collection-gives.html

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WHERE DO THE ANIMALS COME FROM? HOW IS THE COLLECTION PREPARED?

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A CLEANER, EASIER WAY TO PROCESS

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HOW IS A ZOOARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPARATIVE COLLECTION DIFFERENT FROM A ZOOLOGICAL COLLECTION?

Synoptic Collection

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Taxonomic Collection

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WHAT IS STUDIED IN ZOOARCHAEOLGY?

Bones
Shellfish
Ivory/bone/antler
Scales
Otoliths
Hair
Feathers

Specialties

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SAMPLING

Screen size affects
Presence of smaller animals
Presence of smaller elements
Size of assemblage
Abundance of taxa

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AGING AND SEASON

Structures
Growth lines
Otoliths
Scales
shellfish
Antlers
Tooth eruption
Epiphyseal fusion in mammals
Doesn’t work for birds or fish
Oxygen Isotopes
Temperature rises amount of O18 decreases relative to O16
Usually used in conjunction with growth line analysis
Presence/Absence of species

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TAPHONOMY

Erosion
Surface weathering
Chemical – soil chemistry (acid soils/basic soils)
Water rolling
Water transport
Chewing
Carnivore chewing – usually fresh bone
Rodent gnawing – usually dry bone
Ungulate gnawing – for minerals
Butchering
Cooking
Burning
Root etching

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http://www.nmnh.si.edu/naa/features/images/7119_13.jpg

Fishing from Kaiaks, Captains Harbour." 1872. MS 7119 by Henry Wood Elliot

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