Body Condition Impact on Reproductive Performance Nine Point Body - - PDF document
2/9/2011 Body Condition Impact on Reproductive Performance Nine Point Body Condition Scoring System 1 = Emaciated 2 = Very Thin THIN 3 = Thin 4 = Boarderline 5 = Moderate 6 = Good IDEAL 7 = Very Good 8 = Fat FAT 9 = Obese 1
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1 = Emaciated 2 = Very Thin THIN 3 = Thin 4 = Boarderline 5 = Moderate 6 = Good IDEAL 7 = Very Good 8 = Fat 9 = Obese
FAT
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2/9/2011 4 Body Condition Score 3
No fat in the brisket Ribs - visible Hips bones visible Body Condition Score 3
Backbones visible Pin bones visible No fat in tailhead Spine visible Muscle atrophy Body Condition Score 4
No fat in the brisket Ribs - visible Hips bones visible Body Condition Score 4
Backbones visible Pin bones visible No fat in tailhead Spine visible Muscle atrophy
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No fat in the brisket Ribs - 2th & 13th visible Hips bones visible
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Figure 2. Effect of Cow Body Condition Figure 2. Effect of Cow Body Condition Score at Calving on Concentration of Score at Calving on Concentration of IgG IgG in in Serum of Calves 24 Hours Old Serum of Calves 24 Hours Old
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2 3 4 5 6
Cow Body Condition Score Cow Body Condition Score Serum Serum IgG IgG, Mg\DL , Mg\DL
Odde Odde et.al, 1986 Colorado State University et.al, 1986 Colorado State University
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BCS At Calving Relate to Interval from Calving to First Heat after Calving for Cows (postpartum interval, PPI)
BCS At Calving PPI, days BCS 3 89 BCS 4 70 BCS 5 59 BCS 6 52 BCS 7 31
80 days 55 days
impacts forage quality
– Maturity at harvest
– Average CP = 15% – Average TDN= 56%
– Average CP = 6% – Average TDN = 52%
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sample
– Forages – probe
– Don’t dry down – Squeeze air out of bag
– Identify sample – NIR – identify what the sample is:
grass hay, silage, etc
– Reflectance/spectra collected from organic material » NIR methodology not good for measuring minerals
content
– The larger the library – the more accurate the results
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– Use book values for:
– Forages grown in drought conditions – Drought conditions and high nitrogen fertilization
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Item As Received Basis Dry Matter Basis Moisture, % 14.7 Dry Matter, % 85.3 100 Crude Protein, % 5.3 6.2 Heat Damaged Protein, % 0.9 1.1 Available Protein, % 4.7 5.5 Acid Detergent Fiber, % 41.6 48.8 Neutral Detergent Fiber, % 59.4 69.7 TDN, estimate, % 40.9 48.0 ENE, estimate, therms/cwt 33.8 39.6 NE/lactation, Mcal/lb 0.41 0.48 NE/maintenance, Mcal/lb 0.35 0.41 NE/gain, Mcal/lb 0.14 0.16 DDM = Digestible Dry Matter, % Phosphorus (P), % 0.18 0.21 Calcium (Ca), % 0.35 0.41 Potassium (K), % 1.68 1.97 Magnesium, Mg), % 0.13 0.15 Relative Feed Value (RFV) 68.9
– What happens when nitrates get in get the rumen:
and nitrite to ammonia but:
– Must give the rumen time to establish a population of nitrite reducing microbes
– Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood – Nitrite change hemoglobin to methemoglobin » Methemoglobin can’t carry oxygen » Blood is chocolate brown » Bluish coloration of unpigmented skin, mucus membranes » Animal dies due to lack of oxygen
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*** Allow cattle to adapt to feeds that contain nitrates
bacteria that seek nitrates/nitrites and converts these by-products to ammonia (NH3)
– Methylene Blue IV
– Purge rumen with saline or epson salts
– Nitrates (NO3) – 10,000 ppm potentially toxic – Nitrate Nitrogen (No3N) – 2,200 ppm potentially toxic – Potassium Nitrates (KnO3) – 16,300 ppm potentially toxic
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Sources of colostrum:
herd
health program, etc - risky
products
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– Swelling of udder – colostrum and edema
– Limits blood flow away from udder
– Stringy, white mucus discharge from vagina
– Vulva appears swollen
– Loosing of pelvic ligaments and muscles
– Causes to tailhead to protrude
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AND I can’t handle it
AND I am unsuccessful in correcting it within 30 minutes
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About 5% of calves are in abnormal position at birth
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– Store in pint ziplock bags – Thaw in warm water
– within 2 to 4 hours of birth – repeat at 12 hours post-birth
– Specialized absorptive cells begin to slough shortly after birth
– By one hour post-birth
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– Is the calf too weak to suckle after birth? – Has the cow abandoned the calf or refused to let the calf suckle soon after birth? – The calf is exposed to weather that might interfere with the calf’s ability to suckle?
– Has the calf experienced a difficult birth?
post-calving
– Uterine caruncles and placental cotyledons stay attached
– Bang’s, Lepto, Vibrio – Nutritional deficiencies
– Don’t get anxious – until 72 hr post-calving – Don’t manually remove – Use hormones to induce expulsion – Treatment
– Broad-spectrum antibiotics – Uterine bolus
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– Inversion of the uterus following calving – Usually due to straining that occur at calving – Wash with warm salt water – Wrap in clean towel or sheet – Replace
– Alternate upper then lower portion
cervix
– Antibiotics to control secondary infection – Suture vulva – Sell??
– Protrusion of the vagina before calving – Clean like mentioned above – Replace like mentioned above – Antibiotics?? – Suture vulva
– Repeatability high – Genetic link – Sell
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Mission: Urea enhanced wheat straw and winter
livestock forage training for DAIL extension agents, veterinary department, and Kuchi leaders
Objectives of mission
Create a low cost alternative to traditional winter feed methods with readily available materials. To increase the amount of protein available at a low cost in order to support stronger weight maintenance in local livestock.
Lessons learned
Wheat and Rice straw soaked in a urea solution produces a feed with up to three times the amount of protein of feed not treated. Local livestock experience significant weight loss during the winter months due to a lack of affordable protein rich feeds.
Plan of action on lessons learned
Training will be continued weekly to cooperative membership through the DAIL’s office and local training center
Team Laghman Good News Stories: 13 Nov 2010
Urea enhanced wheat straw mixed with regular straw can help maintain an animals weight through the winter months. Helping to find a low cost alternative to protein supplements can have a very valuable impact
Mission: Greenhouse training in the Qarghayee District
Center
Objectives of mission
Create an increased awareness of alternative growing and marketing options utilizing a greenhouse.
Lessons learned
Vegetables are the single largest cash crop in the province, however they have a very short growing
season can be tripled in the province, increasing the earnings potential of local farmers.
Plan of action on lessons learned
The ADT, Interns, and extension agents are working to create very low cost alternative to a greenhouse that locals can procure at little or not cost to utilize this technology.
Team Laghman Good News Stories: 13 Nov 2010
Students of the training were given a portion of the vegetable production from the greenhouses where the training was conducted as well as products to assist them in establishing small greenhouses of their own.