Autonomous Ground Systems Human Centered Teaming of Autonomous Battlefield Robotics W. Stuart Michelson Human Systems Engineering Branch Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) 8/9/2018
Autonomous Ground Why Human Centered? Systems • Motivation for the development in human-centered user interfaces & CONOPS for unmanned systems not only is critical to MUM-T effectiveness, but also is key to controlling lifecycle costs. Specifically, manpower is one of the largest cost drivers in the DOD budget. • Problems with GCS interface designs: – Proprietary and Unique – “Common” & “Universal” Buzzwords – Not Scalable for multiple UXVs – Potential for Overwhelming Data 2
Autonomous Ground Why Human Centered? Systems “Scientific results cannot be used efficiently by soldiers who have no understanding of them, and scientists cannot produce results useful for warfare without an understanding of the operations.” - Theodore von Kármán 3
Autonomous Ground The Future of Autonomy Systems • Don’t fight the last war, don’t build the last war’s weapon. – In the future, large scale operations will increasingly be supplanted by small, highly mobile, and sustainable ground operations that will heavily involve autonomous unmanned systems in contested urban environments. • “People should come first. Then ideas. And then hardware.” – John Boyd 4
Autonomous Ground Demonstrations of Full Autonomy Systems • International Aerial Robotics Competition (IARC) • Fully autonomous aerial robots built by top tier collegiate teams from around the world • Advancing the state of the art in robotic behavior through significant missions that are “impossible” when proposed • Technologies developed transcend domains (air, ground, sea) aerialroboticscompetition.org 5
Autonomous Ground Demonstrations of Full Autonomy Systems • IARC Mission 8: Applied MUM-T Commands like, ‘Unit 2: find the target to your right, Unit 3: hold position, Unit 1: follow me, Unit 4: wrong target; disengage and find the target approximately three meters to your left .’ The injection of communication to this degree in real time should be considered of prime interest to those designing the next generation of battlefield robotics. 6
Autonomous Ground Implications of Full Autonomy Systems • Transition from subservient entities to team mates – Communication implications • Machine-Machine communication – OODA Loop disruptions • An important research horizon is the study and design of machines that can disrupt the OODA Loops of other machines on the battlefield. In a real sense, this is counter-counter-UXV as intelligent robots exhibit behavior capable of deceiving other intelligent robots into over or under reacting to a situation. – IARC Mission 7 7
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack 8
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR NOTIONAL INTERFACE 9
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR NOTIONAL INTERFACE 10
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR NOTIONAL INTERFACE 11
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR 12
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike NOTIONAL INTERFACE 13
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike NOTIONAL INTERFACE 14
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike 15
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike 16
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike Route Updates 17
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike Route Updates Request ISR (fused imagery) 18
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike Route Updates Request ISR (fused imagery) NOTIONAL INTERFACE 19
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike Route Updates Request ISR (fused imagery) NOTIONAL INTERFACE 20
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike Route Updates Request ISR (fused imagery) NOTIONAL INTERFACE 21
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike Route Updates Request ISR (fused imagery) Request Transport 22
Autonomous Ground Sample MUM-T Scenario Systems Compound Attack Request ISR Request Strike Route Updates Request ISR (fused imagery) Request Transport Etc. NOTIONAL INTERFACE 23
Autonomous Ground A New Command and Control Paradigm Systems • Only feasible if humans are not burdened by the extensive learning curves necessary to operate proprietary C2 interfaces unique to each unmanned platform: – A common interface that extends the capabilities of soldiers, providing UXVs as a service (ISR, strike, transportation, etc.) on a Nett Warrior- like mobile device. – No specialized interfaces were required for the use of multiple platform capabilities. Not everyone had to be a “pilot”. – Humans were not required to sift through live data feeds, but rather were presented with sensor-fused imagery that the unmanned systems were intelligent enough to provide in context upon request. 24
Autonomous Ground Analysis-Driven Design Systems 25
Autonomous Ground Analysis-Driven Design Systems 26
Autonomous Ground Systems Human Centered Teaming of Autonomous Battlefield Robotics W. Stuart Michelson Human Systems Engineering Branch Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) 8/9/2018
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