Assurance Challenges for New & In-service Submarines. Roger - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
assurance
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

Assurance Challenges for New & In-service Submarines. Roger - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 07, 2023 169 likes •401 views

Safety Assurance Challenges for New & In-service Submarines. Roger Coles May 2019 Introduction High value assets in a hostile environments Acceptable Risk Level Design Build In-Service Assurance Owners Responsibility

slide-1
SLIDE 1

Roger Coles May 2019

Safety Assurance Challenges for New & In-service Submarines.

slide-2
SLIDE 2

Introduction

Lloyd's Register

  • High value assets in a hostile environments
  • Acceptable Risk Level
  • Design Build In-Service Assurance
  • Owners Responsibility
  • Assurance and Compliance
  • Rule Based Assurance
  • Goal Based Assurance
slide-3
SLIDE 3

Basic Differences

Lloyd's Register

  • Stealth Power
  • Submarines Stability
  • Closed Atmosphere
  • Defect Tolerance
  • Weight Watchers
  • System Integration
slide-4
SLIDE 4

Ex Structure Ballast Tk Integrity Auxiliary Ballast Blow St-By/Buoyancy/Atmos

Supporting Safety Roles

Main Ballast Blow Surface/Stability/Control HP Air Supply Supply/Atmosphere Ex Structure Drainage Buoyancy System Control Pressure Hull WT Integrity SW Systems WT Integrity Main Propulsion Thrust Available Ventilation Sys Atmosphere Air Purification System Atmosphere Snort Induction System Power Supply Trim-Bilge-Ballast Buoyancy/Stability Control Main Hydraulic System Hydroplane/Steering Power Hydraulic Actuation Hydroplane/Steering Control Platform Systems Ops Control/Management Pressure Hull Propulsion & Manoeuvring Loads PH & Structural Bhd Withstand Dive Pressures SW & FW Services Systems Support Trim-Compensation Depth & Pitch Control Battery Services Back-up Energy source Diesel Generator Emgy Power Source

MOVE

Reserve of Buoyancy & Main Ballast Blow Ability To Surface & Remain On Surface Provide Acceptable Level of Stability Capable Of Being Controlled Minimise Hazards With Catastrophic Consequence Navigate Environment At Sea When Dived Or Surfaced Port Exit / Entry

Safety Goals Safety Function

Anchor Surface Submarine Boat Transfers Dive Submarine Surface Transit Under Ice Loss of Propulsion Emergency Flood/Fire Loss of Steering Control Alongside

Submarine Operations

Navigation in Confined Waters

The Inter Connection and Dependency Operations - Goals - Functions– Roles - Systems

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Build Quality

Lloyd's Register

  • Consequence of failure drive higher build quality
  • Quality cannot be INSPECTED into a product
  • Supplied product is the foundation of build quality
  • Quality can be BUILT into the product
  • Verification supported by well defined solutions
  • Solutions that reflect product risk category
  • Product & Build Quality key to through life reliability & availability
  • SQEP Independent verification provides Assurance
slide-6
SLIDE 6

Ship Rule Base Assurance

  • Developed over many years
  • Ship Rules demanded by industry to protect assets
  • Built on a vast knowledge & experience base
  • Provide a well established & robust compliance framework
  • Ship Rules work across the shipping industry
  • Readily adopted by naval ships
  • Share common features & compliance demands
  • Exist in large numbers so good knowledge & experience base
  • Resource pressure on standards

Lloyd's Register

slide-7
SLIDE 7

Submarine Rule Base Assurance?

  • Submarines a small sector
  • Submarines value as a weapon is its unknown capability
  • Secrecy dilemma:

Absence of shared knowledge to support regulation but sharing knowledge undermines secrecy & security

  • Submarine differ from ships
  • Rule set constraints
  • Rule compliance assumes responsibility for safety levels
  • Adopt the practices & resources developed for Rule sets

Lloyd's Register

  • Rule Sets are a reactive process
  • Cannot write a rule for every eventuality
  • Requires significant in-house expertise
  • Submarine industry is a small sector with limited expert

resource

  • Ship Rules tend to ‘catch all’ minimum safety levels
  • Ship Rule would require clarifications & modifications to

be effective

  • Prescriptive rules only address known risks
  • Prescriptive rules restrict innovative design, materials and

methods

slide-8
SLIDE 8

Can we use Ship Standards

  • Compliance with prescriptive standards doesn’t address

every safety risk

  • Ship standards set minimum safety requirements
  • Whole boat transverse issues apply to every design level
  • Higher quality requirements driven by higher risk
  • Components and System Design Level considerations
  • Modifications or additions is an acknowledgement a rule

does not address the requirements

  • Suitable if fully comply with design, transverse issues and

quality requirements

  • A cost effective solutions for the designer & builder

Lloyd's Register

slide-9
SLIDE 9
  • The Naval Submarine Code a goal based

framework.

  • With processes for defining technical areas

for application to any submarine.

  • The Code derived from the Naval Ship Code.
  • LR is a founding member of INSA

Regulation for a Goal Based Approach

Lloyd's Register

Why do we need the Naval Submarine Code (NSubC)? Designed to provided an equivalence to commercial regulation by providing over arching safety framework. IMO Flag States Classification NSubC Naval Authorities Assurance International Convention Regulation Material State

slide-10
SLIDE 10

Goal Based Assurance Model

Lloyd's Register

Overall Safety Goal Area Safety Goal Functional Objectives Performance Requirements Qualitatively Defined Requirements to meet Objectives Impact on Primary Concerns Standards Plan Technical File Verification Activities Justification & Guidance Identify Responsibilities

Navy

Safety Management System Regulatory Framework Concept of Operations System requirements

Aim Goal Objectives Design Intent Design Solutions Build Assurance

Transv. Materials Risk Structures Piping Ship systems Engines Gears Electrical Atmosphere Control Escape Navigation Fire

Risks to be mitigated in each area Identify & Justify Technical Standards applied to Performance Requirements & ConOpS Submarine Assurance Certificate

slide-11
SLIDE 11

Goal Based Design to Build Assurance Model

Lloyd's Register

Build Assurance Design Intent Design Solutions

Design Authority

Design Specification

Design Authority/Recognised Organisation

Justified Technical Standards

Design Authority

Design Justification

Naval Administration

Compliance

Owner

Concept of Operation Statement

Recognised Organisation

Design Verification

Design Authority

Design Requirements

Risk Category Requirements

Recognised Organisation

slide-12
SLIDE 12

Assurance Framework Mapped to Components

Lloyd's Register

Pressure Hull Valve

System

Pressure and Piping System components

  • Performance Requirements
  • Construction and

Installation

  • Compressed Air and gas

systems

  • Control supervision and

monitoring

Materials

Rules for Materials

  • General
  • Testing Procedures
  • Rolled steel plate sections

and bars

  • Steel forgings
  • Approval of welding

consumables

Component

Pressure and Piping System components

  • Performance Requirements
  • Assessment
  • Materials
  • Carbon and alloy steel

components

  • Pipe supports
  • Pressure vessels

Functions

Propulsion and manoeuvring

Transverse

Whole Boat

  • Transverse
  • Survivability
  • Product Verification
  • Categorisation

Pressure Vessel

Functions

Watertight integrity

Transverse

Whole Boat

  • Transverse
  • Survivability
  • Product Verification
  • Categorisation

System

Pressure and Piping System components

  • Performance Requirements
  • Construction and Installation
  • Trim and Compensating

System

  • Sea Water Cooling Systems
  • System Testing, Integration

and Trials

Component

Pressure and Piping System components

  • Performance Requirements
  • Assessment
  • Materials
  • Copper and copper alloy piping

components

  • Valves
  • Testing

Materials

Rules for Materials

  • Approved Works
  • Testing Procedures
  • Copper Alloys
  • Corrosion Prevention

System

Pressure and Piping Systems

  • Performance Requirements
  • Construction and Installation
  • Compressed Air & Gas

Systems

  • Control supervision and

monitoring

  • System Testing, Integration

and Trials

Component

Pressure and Piping System Components

  • Performance Requirements
  • Assessment
  • Materials
  • Carbon and low alloy steel

piping and components

  • Pressure Vessels
  • Testing

Functions

Propulsion and Manoeuvring

  • Propulsion
  • Manoeuvring

Regulations

Whole Boat

  • Transverse
  • Risk
  • Survivability
  • Product Verification
  • Categorisation

Materials

Rules for Materials

  • General
  • Testing Procedures
  • Steel Castings
  • Steel Pipes & Tubes

System Compressor

Functions

Propulsion and Manoeuvring

  • Propulsion

Regulations

Whole Boat

  • Transverse
  • Survivability
  • Product Verification
  • Categorisation

System Pump

Materials

Rules for Materials

  • General
  • Testing Procedures
  • Copper Alloys

Component

Pressure and Piping System Components

  • Performance Requirements
  • Assessment
  • Materials
  • Copper and copper alloy

piping and components

  • Pumps

System

Pressure and Piping Systems

  • Performance Requirements
  • Construction and Installation
  • Sea water cooling systems
  • Control supervision and

monitoring

  • System Testing, Integration

and Trials

slide-13
SLIDE 13

Summary

Lloyd's Register

The iterative nature of a goal based approach when applied in a common industry manner will:

  • Provide risk categories for components & systems
  • Identify available standards and regulation that consistently

provide solutions

  • Provide common and consistent solution that could be

developed and shared as submarine standards

  • Allow a common risk assessment & safety case

approaches to be adopted and reduce variation across the industry.

  • Allow Naval Administration legislation and statutory

requirements to be addressed

  • Build a submarine assurance approach that uses standards

were appropriate and goals where necessary

slide-14
SLIDE 14

Owners perspective

slide-15
SLIDE 15

Owner’s perspective - 1

  • Safe to operate depends on

– Design – Condition – Operation – Changes

  • Assessment at any stage depends on knowledge
  • Knowledge depends on documentation to provide

corporate memory

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Owner’s perspective - 2

  • Much data disappears if it is not recognised, recorded

and collated as it is produced

  • Data capture needs to start at the start of design right

through to disposal

  • You don’t know you needed it until it is the vital last piece

in the jigsaw

  • Documentation/data management must be defined and

managed from the start

  • The owner needs an experienced friend to ensure that

all this is done

slide-17
SLIDE 17

What am I being given? –The Design Process

  • Safety Case
  • Tests
  • Trials
  • Demonstrations
  • Operability
  • Survey
  • Documentation
slide-18
SLIDE 18

What have I got? - Validation

  • Safety case
  • Supplied Product Verification
  • New Build Verification
  • Tests
  • Trials
  • Periodic Survey
  • Maintenance
  • Refit
  • Maintain Documentation
slide-19
SLIDE 19

Safety Case

  • Traditional

– Inflexable – Assumes everything works as new – Is difficult to run ‘what iffs’

  • Goal Based

– Can be flexible – Allows for manipulation at lowest level – Can be extended if circumstances change – Copes with multiple degradation of systems – More easily updated – INSA provides authority for the approach

23/05/2019

slide-20
SLIDE 20

Do I allow this boat to continue running? – Through life management

  • Performance assessment

– Survey – Defects – Tests – Trials – Accumulation

  • Update Safety Case
  • Material state – records/documentation
  • Professional judgement – Owner’s responsibility, cannot be

delegated or diluted

slide-21
SLIDE 21

The role of the Owner’s friend

  • Identify gaps within Naval Administrations regulatory

structures and can be a powerful tool for Regulators, allowing robust risk management processes to be implemented.

  • Incorporate different elements such as risk, product

verification and existing standards.

  • Reduce the burden of maintaining large standards portfolios.
  • Allows the right questions to be asked.
  • Be a key tool for builders, maintainers and Naval operators

today to provide effective support for submarines.

Lloyd's Register

The story so far

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Conclusions

  • The ship rules culture does not map to Submarines
  • Goal based suits the needs of a Submarine
  • Goal Based has many benefits
  • Owner is always ultimately responsible for safety
  • Class Societies are able to provide help to advise,

maintain, verify, certify through a goal based framework

  • The designer becomes an active owner of the

design specifications and safety requirements

Lloyd's Register

  • Address risks and consequences
  • Provide technical solutions to satisfy safety objectives
  • Allows for innovation
  • Verifies Procurement Build & Maintenance activities through-life
  • Provide a compliance route
  • Provide certification and record maintenance
slide-23
SLIDE 23

Lloyd's Register 23

Thank you

Roger Coles

LR Submarine Programme Manager

Naval Centre of Expertise

2nd Floor, The Sion, Crown Place, Nailsea Bristol BS48 1RB T +44 (0) 1275 515000 M +44 (0) 7764430644 E roger.coles@lr.org www.lr.org/marine