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ASACUSA 2009 - 2010 Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons Jan 19, 2010 Ryugo S. Hayano, University of Tokyo Spokesperson, ASACUSA ASACUSA 7-Oct-97 CERN/SPSC 97-19 CERN/SPSC P-307 p He & H spectroscopy CPT,

slide-1
SLIDE 1

ASACUSA

ASACUSA 2009 - 2010

Jan 19, 2010

Ryugo S. Hayano, University of Tokyo Spokesperson, ASACUSA

Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons

slide-2
SLIDE 2

ASACUSA

7-Oct-97 CERN/SPSC 97-19 CERN/SPSC P-307

ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY AND COLLISIONS USING SLOW ANTIPROTONS

ASACUSA Collaboration

p̅He & H̅ spectroscopy →CPT, fundamental const. p̅-atom, p̅-nucleus cross sections <100 eV 50 keV p̅s (RFQD) 100 eV p̅s (“MUSASHI” trap)

slide-3
SLIDE 3

ASACUSA

Collaboration

  • D. Barna1,6, M. Charlton2, M. Corradini3, A. Dax1, Y. Enomoto5,
  • S. Federmann8, S. Friedreich8, R.S. Hayano1, H. Higaki5, M. Hori1,11, D. Horv´

ath6, C.A. Hunniford9, B. Juh´ asz8, Y. Kanai5, C. Kim4, H. Knudsen7, H-P. Kristiansen7,

  • T. Kobayashi1, N. Kuroda4, M. Leali3, E. Lodi-Rizzini3, M. Lund7, V. Mascagna3, O. Massiczek8,
  • Y. Matsuda4, R.W. McCullough9, K. Michishio5, S.P. Møller7, T. Pask8, W. Pirkl1,
  • A. S´
  • t´

er11, K. Todoroki1, K. T˝

  • k´

esi10, H.D. Thomsen7, H.A. Torii4, U. Uggerhøj7, L. Venturelli3,

  • E. Widmann8, Y. Yamazaki5, P. Zal´

an6, J. Zmeskal8, N. Zurlo3

  • 1. The University of Tokyo (JP), 2. University of Swansea (GB), 3. Universit`

a di Brescia and INFN (IT),

  • 4. The University of Tokyo, Komaba (JP), 5. RIKEN (JP), 6. KFKI (HU), 7. University of Aarhus (DK),
  • 8. Stefan Meyer Institute (AT), 9. The Queen’s University of Belfast (UK),
  • 10. ATOMKI (HU), 11 Max-Planck-Institut f¨

ur Quantenoptik (DE)

3

slide-4
SLIDE 4

ASACUSA

Wk

May 11 - May 17

20

May 18 - May 24

21

May 25 - May 31

22

Jun 1 - Jun 7

23

time

…

07-17 17-01 01-11 11-21 21-07

Jun 8 - Jun 14

24

Jun 15 - Jun 21

25

Jun 22 - Jun 28

26 AD D2

Jun 29 - Jul 5

27

Jul 6 - Jul 12

28 AD D5

Jul 13 - Jul 19

29

Jul 20 - Jul 26

30

Jul 27 - Aug 2

31

Aug 3 - Aug 9

32 AD D2

Aug 10 - Aug 16

33

Aug 17 - Aug 23

34

Aug 24 - Aug 30

35

Aug 31 - Sep 6

36 AD D3

Sep 7 - Sep 13

37

ep 20

38

ep 27

39

Sep 28 - Oct 4

40 AD D3

5 - Oct 11

41

18

42 AD D2

25

43

26 - Nov 1

44 AD D5

v 8

45

v 15

46

v 22

47

v 29

48 AD Physics Stop Nov 23, 8:00

v 30 - Dec 6

49

Dec 7 - Dec 13

50

Dec 14 - Dec 20

51 Status Accelerator Schedule V3.3 01/03/2009 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 (ASACUSA) AD2 (ATRAP) AD4 (ACE) AD5 (ALPHA) AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 Tue Wed

07-15 15-23

Mon AD5 AD3 AD2

23-07

Sat Sun AD5 AD3 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 Thu Fri AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD Setting Up AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD3 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A 5 D A AD3 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD5 3 D A 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD3 AD MD (8:00-20:00) AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 5 D A 3 D A AD3 AD3 AD5 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD2 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD3 AD3 AD3 AD2 3 D A 5 D A 5 D A 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A 2 D A AD2 AD5 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A 3 D A 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A 3 D A AD2 AD5 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 Injector MD (8:00-8:00) or PS MD (8:00-16:00) AD2 AD2 AD2 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 5 D A 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD5 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD4 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD5 2 D A 3 D A 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A AD2 AD5 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5 AD3 AD3 AD5 AD3 2 D A 5 D A 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A 2 D A 3 D A 5 D A AD2 AD5 AD3 LHC run AD2 AD5 AD3 AD2 AD5

AD Schedule 2009 (Version 1.0, May 4, 2009)

pbarHe MUSASHI MW

pbar ann.

antiprotonic helium laser spectroscopy antihydrogen formation in the cusp trap antiprotonic helium-3 microwave spectroscopy antihydrogen formation in the cusp trap

2-week extension

2009 beamtime

p̅A annihilation cross sect.

4

slide-5
SLIDE 5
  • 1. Antiprotonic Helium
  • CPT & fundamental const. -
slide-6
SLIDE 6

1.1 introduction

slide-7
SLIDE 7

ASACUSA

!

"# #

!"#$%& $'())(*+

,-.*/0& 1+2(3%*2*+(4 &5$6("'&(*+

!2*'(4&4132"%$& (+2*&'$21)21.6$& )212$)7& 85$%'16(912(*+& 2*&:&;

<$)*+1+2&61)$%&.$1'

!++(5(612(*+ 1+/& /$2$42(*+

!66&25()&5133$+)&=(25(+&>&'(4%*)$4*+/7 ?(#5&@AB-)416$C&61)$%&3*=$%)&1%$&+$$/$/& 2*&$D4(2$&25$&1+2(3%*2*+7

Laser spectroscopy of p̅He

7

slide-8
SLIDE 8

ASACUSA

(n,L)=(39,35)→(38,34) in p̅4He

Non-relativistic energies • 501,972,347.9 MHz Relativistic correction for e-

  • 27,526.1 MHz

e- anomalous magnetic moment 233.3 MHz One-loop transverse photon self-energy • 3818.1 MHz One-loop vacuum polarization •

  • 122.5 MHz

Relativistic correction for helium/antiproton • 37.3 MHz One transverse photon exchange order α2 •

  • 34.7 MHz

One transverse photon exchange order α3 • 0.8 MHz Two-loop QED corrections • 0.9 MHz Finite size of nucleus • 2.4 MHz α4 corrections •

  • 2.6 MHz

α5 lnα corrections • < 1.3 MHz Transition energy 501 948 754.9 (1.3)(0.5) MHz Experiment (PRL 2006) 501 948 752 (4) MHz

8

slide-9
SLIDE 9

ASACUSA

me/mp

9

800 900 1000 1100 1200

2 z n i a M / I S G 2 z n i a M / I S G A S A C U S A 6 5 9 e t a t s n

  • t

g n i h s a W

Electron-to-(anti)proton mass ratios

0.0005485799XXXX

1836.15267247(80) CODATA 2006 http://physics.nist.gov/

slide-10
SLIDE 10

ASACUSA

!"#$

!

"

%!&'()*%(+'(!* %(+'()*%(,'(!* %(-'()*%(,'(!* %(-'(!*%(.'((* %(.'(!*%()'((* %()'((*%(!'(/* %(/'(0*%(0'(&*

11111111%223*

45 #62 #62

7)& & )&

("#$

!

"

%(,'(!*%(-'((* %(.'(!*%(-'((* %(.'((*%()'(/* %(!'(/*%(('(0* %(/'(0*%(0'(&*

11111111%223*

45 #62 #62

7)& & )&

673 nm 597 nm 726 nm 470 nm 417 nm 372 nm 264 nm 593 nm 723 nm 463 nm 364 nm 287 nm

!"#$%&'()*+(&"$,&*

  • .*/0*,+12&%,%-2&

8-+*9*,+12&%,%-2& %2*:#1+;'($%"<=> (?:(+%<(2,*%&

Status as of 2006

  • M. Hori et al., PRL 96, 243401 (2006)

For 4 transitions in p̅3He νexp larger than νth by 20-40 ppb

10

slide-11
SLIDE 11

ASACUSA

CODATA 2006

P . J. Mohr, B. N. Taylor, D. B. Newell, Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 633 (2008).

11

slide-12
SLIDE 12

ASACUSA

1&2$3#'"#!+3#"4'#'5$#&$6("+#%"&#'5$#$78$&29$+': '5$"&;#32%%$&$+<$#2+#6+'28&"'"+2<#5$=249:>? @78$&29$+'#A("9$#(;('$96'2<#$&&"&BC 15$"&;#A52D5$&:"&3$&#E@F#"&#(82+#$%%$<'BC

ASACUSA’s efforts 2006 - 2009

Improved the p̅He formation target Increased the spectral resolution of laser by x 100

12

slide-13
SLIDE 13

1.2 improvements

slide-14
SLIDE 14

ASACUSA

!"#$%&"#'(#)*"#%#+%,-"#.#/0#12#+%*",#3"%24 5%,'#(6#'$"#+%*",#+7-$'#1%8#,"!"1'#(66#'$"#978:(9#%8:#7,,%:7%'"#%#:766","8'# &"+(17';#1+%**#(6#%'(2*#<:"6(,2%'7(8#(6#*="1',%>?4 C'(2*#%,"#-"8",%'":#78#%#+%,-"#<./0#12?#&(+)2"> C'(2*#%,"#6(,2":#$","B /0#12

OId p̅He production target

p̅

laser beam Initial and reflected (from window, flange, etc.) laser lights have different Doppler shifts. This can distort spectra! p̅He formation in ~10cm3

14

slide-15
SLIDE 15

ASACUSA

why this affects p̅3He more than p̅4He

()#*+),"#$%-'().#/()0)#*+)- 12$3*4)'56)2$#*17273*1

  • !"#
  • !"#
  • !"#

'56)1,87227*41).#/()"((* 9(#1:$(+)";)97<$3=#/( 1,(<2$31<3,; The line profile is more asymmetric for p̅3He

! 6!"7 ! !"7 !"!# !"!$ !"!%

!

$10

6!"7 ! !"7

p̅4He - 4 sublines p̅3He - 8 sublines GHz

15

slide-16
SLIDE 16

ASACUSA

6"/01&$"3$()"1$7$-18

Brewster-angle fused silica window Beam profile monitor 0.8 micron PEN window Radiation shield Brewster-angle fused silica window

!"#$%&#"'()*+,)-.)/01 23)4")!53&$

3

New p̅He production target

Brewster-angle fused silica window 1.2 µm PEN window Radiation shield Brewster-angle fused silica window

Laser beam Beam profile monitor Antiproton beam

(b)

0.8 µm

p̅

laser beam p̅He formation in ~3 cm3

16

slide-17
SLIDE 17

ASACUSA

Old (2006) laser

ν ν ν ν ν

CW CW CW

CW dye laser 574−673 nm, 1 W CW Ti:S laser 723−941 nm, 1 W

pl

+400 MHz 532 nm, 10 W (A)

0.7 W, 200 MHz Femtosecond laser CW Nd:YVO laser

4

CW Nd:YVO laser

4

532 nm, 10 W (B) CW pulse amplifier Frequency comb

Pulse stretcher compensation EOM chirp AOM chirp measurement BBO + LBO crystals Pulsed Nd:YAG laser 532 nm, 200 mJ (C) t Seed beam

  • ptical fiber

Microstructure

To target

Stabilization

Heterodyne

2

pump laser problems

  • short <10ns pulse
  • spiky temporal profile
  • pulse-pulse power fluctuations

!

  • temporal profile

17

slide-18
SLIDE 18

ASACUSA

New pump laser

56'7(8+38+9:;+7#+<==>?@

Nd:YAG (5 mm) AOM Piezo-mounted prism 2-W 808nm diode array pump laser Photodiode Dispersive etalon Isolator Pockels switch Faraday rotator 200 W / 808 nm diode pumped Nd:YAG rod 200 W / 808 nm diode pumped Nd:YAG rod 4 kJ/s flashlamp pumped Nd:YAG rod 4 kJ/s flashlamp pumped Nd:YAG rod 8 kJ/s flashlamp pumped Nd:YAG rod Isolator Isolator

!"#$""%&'%()*+',(-./% 3""%4560+.'/%/&/718 9/07:)+;<-./%=>?% 9(&):4.8%,7<11/7(-./

built at MPQ

  • 30-200 ns adjustable pulse

length

  • 800 mJ/pulse
  • reproducible single-line-mode

pulse shape

  • randomly triggerable

!

  • new
  • ld

temporal profile

18

slide-19
SLIDE 19

ASACUSA

Old (2006) laser

ν ν ν ν ν

CW CW CW

CW dye laser 574−673 nm, 1 W CW Ti:S laser 723−941 nm, 1 W

pl

+400 MHz 532 nm, 10 W (A)

0.7 W, 200 MHz Femtosecond laser CW Nd:YVO laser

4

CW Nd:YVO laser

4

532 nm, 10 W (B) CW pulse amplifier Frequency comb

Pulse stretcher compensation EOM chirp AOM chirp measurement BBO + LBO crystals Pulsed Nd:YAG laser 532 nm, 200 mJ (C) t Seed beam

  • ptical fiber

Microstructure

To target

Stabilization

Heterodyne

2

chirp in the dye amplifier

  • νpulse(t) ≠ νcw
  • systematic error source even with

“compensation”

19

slide-20
SLIDE 20

ASACUSA

!"#$%&'()*%+,-./--%#)0 !12$*%321#)4*2)*%5"6*%/%55 !"7%)8#$(*.&1))%$18# 98$:%;<=>?-- @*(1A%851$8#$%"B%&'5&%C*15 %D*1E%B"F')%"B%&'5& G2*7)3*2.1#$(*%H<=I)%JKLM

  • !"#"

!!"" !!#" " ! $ % & Time (ns) Heterodyne signal

Chirp-compensated Ti:S laser

  • Long pulse
  • 60-100 mJ
  • Heterodyne chirp

measurement

  • Chirp compensation in

Brewster-angle EOM’s KD*P

20

slide-21
SLIDE 21

ASACUSA

!"#$%&'%()*+,#

! " # $ %&'()*+,*-,*.+/01..23)41'15 %)*6'*-,7..8$9:;!$!!!.2<=>5 ! " # $ 9! ?! "!! ! " # $ %&'()*+,*-,*.+/01..23)41'15 %)*6'*-,7..8$9:;!$!!!.2<=>5 ! " # $ 9! ?! "!!

80 82 84 !"#$%#&'())*+,-./+///)01234

!"#$%&#'("&)##*+#,-#.*++/0 !"#$%&'()*%%+,,%-.%%/0,,12 !" #$%&$'($)(*'"((+,--./ !"#$%&'(#')#%("##*+,,,-

!"#$%%&#'&()

100 mJ, 4.5 MHz width confirmed in Cs 6s-8s

Cs 6s-8s (F=4) without chirp compensation with chirp compensation

Fendel et al. (2007) CW laser Hagel et al. (1999) CW laser ASACUSA Ti:S (2009) 100 mJ ASACUSA dye (2005) 20 mJ

Hori and Dax, Opt. Lett. 34, 1273 (2009) 21

slide-22
SLIDE 22

1.3 p̅ 3He re-measured with the new setup

slide-23
SLIDE 23

ASACUSA

!"#$ !%$$ !%#$ !#$$ !##$

Measured frequency -903152000 (MHz)

Stability of the new setup

Many measurements, laser power, target density, etc. Good reproducibility with the new setup demonstrated

2-3 scans per 8-hour shift

23

slide-24
SLIDE 24

ASACUSA

!"#$"%&!"'$""& !"($"%&!"'$""& !"($""&!")$"*& !"%$"*&!""$"+& !"*$"+&!"+$",&

  • -------!../&

01 23.

, ),

!"#$"%&!"'$""& !"($"%&!"'$""& !"($""&!")$"*& !"%$"*&!""$"+& !"*$"+&!"+$",&

  • -------!../&

01 23.

, ), 4*) 4*) *) *)

23. 23.

p̅3He 2006 vs 2009

2006 2009

24

slide-25
SLIDE 25

ASACUSA

  • Preliminary results appear to show

convergence between theory-experiment for p̅3He at 10-20 ppb level.

  • But this is still ongoing work.
  • All 12 transitions must be measured under

similar conditions.

  • Power shifts, more background measurements.
  • Building a colder cryogenic target (1.8K) to

reduce thermal Doppler broadening

p̅3He 2009-2010

25

slide-26
SLIDE 26

1.4 Doppler-free “hole-burning” spectroscopy (being developed)

726nm 726nm time t1 time t2>t1

pump laser probe laser

slide-27
SLIDE 27

ASACUSA

  • :;)%+"7,#7%#,7)3"3$+9%$23,<%$)%=>%$#"374$4)37?

>7$%7$#)35%+"7,#%12#37%/0)+,6%43%()**+,#%*#)!+,@% ;0480%47%*#)1,<%19%7,8)3<%;,"A%+"7,#%".$,#%"%<,+"9? B,+)84$9 (47$#41? C2++%8"38,++"$4)3%). !#7$-)#<,#%()**+,#%1#)"<,3435? D)#,%$#"374$4)37%8"3%1,%E,"72#,<?

Doppler-free “hole-burning” spectroscopy

“Lamb” dip

27

slide-28
SLIDE 28

ASACUSA

!"#"$$%&'()*)+$,-.)+/.-0$1+*/'2)*)+/!$(34/.-50$ $$$$$$6&'()*)+$,-.)+/!$(782)93+0$1+*/'2)*)+/!$(34/.-5 $$$$$$!)44/+312$:'3!*2):!)'7$,3;)*/!$+.!43/5 <31:)+:= 65=$>3?$1*)-:$,6@$.:1A43$1*)-:$B$-/+5$?/*(/+$*(3$C)''432$8/:*2/A.*/)+" %5=$D*)-:$8/3$?/*(/+$E$-/!2):3!)+8:" E5=$F1:32$23'3*/*/)+$21*3$/:$4)?$,@"@6$GHI5 J5=$F1293$!.!*.1*/)+:$/+$*(3$41:320$1+*/'2)*)+$A31-$3*!"$ $$$$K)$:*21/9(*#)2?128$?17$*)$+)2-14/H3$*(/:""""

Nobody did this for exotic atoms so far

28

slide-29
SLIDE 29

ASACUSA

2009 result (poor p̅ beam)

0.0886 0.0888 0.089 0.0892 0.0894 0.0896 0.0898 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.004 0.0045 0.005 0.0886 0.0888 0.089 0.0892 0.0894 0.0896 0.0898 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.004 0.0045 0.005

Laser wavelength -726 (nm)

Annihilation signal

the dip was observed position and width agree with theory need more statistics, systematic tests, etc.

←Doppler width →

29

slide-30
SLIDE 30

1.5 p̅He “Auger” decay rate

!"#$%& $'())(*+

,-.*/0& 1+2(3%*2*+(4 &5$6("'&(*+

4132"%$& '$21)21.6$&

!++(5(612(*+ /$2$42(*+

  • Theoretical calculations yield

complex Eigenvalues (E & Γ)

  • We have so far compared

Eexp vs Eth

  • How about Γexp vs Γth
slide-31
SLIDE 31

ASACUSA

2004 results were unsatisfactory

Yamaguchi et al., PRA 70, 012501 (2004)

factor 3-300 difference between Γexp vs Γth

31

slide-32
SLIDE 32

ASACUSA

2004 vs 2009

2

655.05 655.054 655.058 655.062

Optical frequency (PHz)

2004 results. 2009 results.

= 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733 = 91.4352/145=0.630588 2 0.00008439 Amp=0.00070788 0.01766312 Center=668084.09207436 0.14778672 FWHM_Lorentz=0.87769739 0.18410506 FWHM_Gaus=0.47899843 0.00005149 Offset=-0.00002733

668.08 668.082 668.084 668.086 668.088

  • 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Wavelength (nm) Wavelength (nm)

  • 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Optical frequency (PHz) Signal Intensity (arb. u.)

  • laser spectral resolution x100
  • laser power x5
  • frequency stability x200

32

slide-33
SLIDE 33

ASACUSA

2009 results

  • All Γexp agree with Γth within 1σ
  • sensitive test of the 3-body wavefunction at large distances
  • Γ of some states collisionally broadened in old measurement

33

slide-34
SLIDE 34

1.6 p̅He microwave spectroscopy (µp̅)

slide-35
SLIDE 35

ASACUSA

(n,L) νHF

F+=L+1/2 F−=L−1/2 J−+=L J−−=L−1 νSHF− J++= L+1 J+−=L νSHF+

νHF− νHF+

Antiprotonic helium hyperfine structure

4He observables νHF+, νHF− : Lp̅ Se

  • ΔνHF = νHF+−νHF− = νSHF+−νSHF− ~ μp̅
  • Sensitivity: 3-body bound state QED

p̅4He

35

νHF ~13 GHz

slide-36
SLIDE 36

ASACUSA 2.76 2.78 2.80 2.82 2.84 2.86 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Pask et al. Kreissl et al.

proton magnetic moment

Roberts et al. Hu et al. nuclear magneton year Antiproton Magnetic Moment

Magnetic moment of the antiproton

Precision determination of HFS of (37,35) state in p̅4He

  • ΔνHF determined to accuracy of theory
  • comparison leads to new value of magnetic moment

µp

s − |µ¯ p s |

µp

s

= (2.4 ± 2.9) × 10−3.

µ¯

p s = −2.7862(83)µN

  • T. Pask et al. / Physics Letters B 678 (2009) 55–59

36

slide-37
SLIDE 37

ASACUSA

  • Antiprotonic helium hyperfine structure

3He

  • more complex structure: rigorous test of theory

p̅3He

37

slide-38
SLIDE 38

ASACUSA

Preparation of 3He HFS measurement

New liquid-He free cryostat & cryogenic cavity

  • cryogenics worked, laser resonance observed
  • no MW signal yet: better characterization of cavity, simulation of

expected signal

waveguide He-filled cavity p̅ window laser window cold finger coldhead

38

slide-39
SLIDE 39
  • 2. Towards antihydrogen

ground-state hyperfine splitting measurement

slide-40
SLIDE 40

ASACUSA

Why measure HFS instead of 1S-2S

  • ν
  • ν
  • ASACUSA

has no 1st-order sensitivity to CPTV in SME has 1st-order sensitivity to CPTV in SME ATRAP, ALPHA

40

slide-41
SLIDE 41

2.1 “CUSP” trap development

slide-42
SLIDE 42

ASACUSA

Cusp trap for H̅ HFS

2009 2010

H̅LFS: low-field seekers H̅HFS: high-field seekers

42

slide-43
SLIDE 43

ASACUSA

“CUSP” trap p̅ trap e+ trap

The three traps (2009)

1 2 3 4 5 (m)

43

slide-44
SLIDE 44

p̅ trap e+ trap “CUSP” trap

44

slide-45
SLIDE 45

ASACUSA

Nested trap within the CUSP field

  • 280
  • 240
  • 200
  • 160
  • 120
  • 80
  • 40

Potential on axis (V)

Z [mm]

upstream Thermal shield downstream Thermal shield

  • 500

500 p

  • e+

(a) (b)

p e+

45

slide-46
SLIDE 46

ASACUSA

p̅ annihilation vertex reconstruction

46

π±

4 modules

each module : two perpendicular layers of 64 rods & multi-anode PMT

π± π±

Front view

slide-47
SLIDE 47

ASACUSA

p̅ annihilation position during p̅-e+ mixing

(d) 80<t<130 (e) t>130 (b) 10<t<30 (c) 30<t<80 (a) t<10

47

slide-48
SLIDE 48

ASACUSA

With/without e+ RF heating

without with

48

slide-49
SLIDE 49

ASACUSA

H̅ field-ionization attempt

49

slide-50
SLIDE 50

ASACUSA

  • pen field-ionization trap every 10s

50

slide-51
SLIDE 51

ASACUSA

Cusp trap - achieved in 2009

  • 1. 107 e+ (105 in 2008)
  • 2. e+ compression in the cusp trap
  • 3. ion kick-out from the positron trap
  • 4. simultaneous trapping of p̅s and e+s
  • 5. annihilations at the center (e+ trap) of the nested trap
  • 6. RF heating delays p̅ annihilation
  • 7. p̅s appear in the field-ionization trap
  • 8. 5-7 suggest H̅ formation in the cusp trap? (preliminary)

51

slide-52
SLIDE 52

ASACUSA

Cusp trap - to be done in 2010

  • 1. Improve vacuum
  • 2. colder positrons with better electronics
  • 3. H̅ confirmation via field-ionization and/or RF
  • 4. optimize H̅ formation
  • 5. “inverted” nested trap for colder H̅s
  • 6. install sextupole (see next)

52

slide-53
SLIDE 53

2.2 sextupole beamline

slide-54
SLIDE 54

ASACUSA

Superconducting sextupole magnet

  • Tender awarded to Tesla, UK: May

2009

  • Delivery deadline: end of February

2010

  • Cooling: bath type with liquid helium,

kept cold by a cryocooler (fill once, run forever)

  • Total length: 70 cm

54

slide-55
SLIDE 55

2.3 Superconducting Paul trap development

slide-56
SLIDE 56

ASACUSA

!"#$%&'&(')*( +',--.(%#%&/.%(0/"/ ,$.12/&/*3()$0

  • )*/"4$5)4(,$$2*$0)

')*(6/'&(2$'*5)4(&/%&%7

56

Cryostat ready for cooldown test

Appreciate support of TE division, ECR group, cryogenic laboratory, central workshop, and brazing workshop

slide-57
SLIDE 57

ASACUSA

!"#$%&'()*+(,'$-.'/(,'0&1,'/(#$%&'(2"3(41%%1*)5(

  • +(*6',$71*)(8*,(4$)9(.*&,:($7(2;(<=>

?'$,:

!"#$%&'()*#+,,'$-./012'3.-./ 45'"-132)',15-./6)73,'$)8',)12'3.-./ !"#$%&'()'9:'3")7'2(-./ !"#$%&'()'9:'3"6),5'$"32),$'3,"'.,6)15'"-132)',15-./ ;.,'..3)(%7.2%3(-./

!"#### !"#### !"$%#& !"$%#' !"$%#( !)##( !)##(*' !)##+ !)##+*' !)##,

!"#$%&''()*+,,-(.,-.

57

Superconducting RF cavity at 35 MHz

107 106 105 104 103 Q

slide-58
SLIDE 58
  • 3. Collision experiments
slide-59
SLIDE 59

ASACUSA

H2 ionization by p̅

measurement hampered by various problems managed to take p̅-H2 data at 10 keV

59

slide-60
SLIDE 60

ASACUSA

p̅-nucleus annihilation

Lear data Lear data ASACUSA (done!) ASACUSA (done!) ASACUSA (from 2009) ASACUSA (from 2009)

3 / 2

A

R

  • 200

!"(mb)

#$

%

&'( )*+ ',$- ./(0

*

3 / 2

A

R

  • 123 #4+5678+59

2:: 1#$9"5;+3":;8"6:74+23+" <68="$"23"+>#+78+5

:26?+"+>#+78286;:@2330A6:B

?

Plab (MeV/c)

  • p

A Z A p

ann 3 / 1

  • 3

/ 1

3 . 1 Im A R a

  • 60
slide-61
SLIDE 61

ASACUSA

The first attempt at 100 keV (2009)

  • RFQD

DOG-LEG

AD

collimator

61

5 MeV 100 keV

spectrometer

slide-62
SLIDE 62

ASACUSA

Improved beam diagnostics in 2010

!"#$%&'("#)*(

+,-./"0'(.1*'2.3(#.$4(.%&3' .&'"'0",*#'%5'(6*'(#"/7*# +,-./"0'(.1*'2.3(#.$4(.%&3' .&'"'0",*#'%5'(6*'(#"/7*#

collimator

8*"1'$*((*#95%/43*2 "&2' $*((*#9/*&(*#*2':

62

slide-63
SLIDE 63
  • 4. Summary
slide-64
SLIDE 64

ASACUSA

Summary (1)

  • p̅He
  • Vast improvements in the target and lasers.

νexp for p̅3He are within 10–15 ppb of νth. (all 12 transitions of both p̅4He and p̅3He will be measured in 2010) Auger rates γA now agree with theoretical calculations within 1σ

  • Doppler-free measurements at low temperatures promising
  • Microwave (MW) measurement of the hyperfine structure of the

(37,35) state of p̅4He → μp̅ = −2.7862(83)μN.

  • MW measurement of the (n,L) = (36, 34) state of p̅3He in progress

p̅He laser spectroscopy statistics limited. ELENA!

64

slide-65
SLIDE 65

ASACUSA

Summary 2

  • H̅ ground-state hyperfine measurement
  • Stable mixing of p̅s and e+s, cooling of p̅s in the “CUSP” trap

need to further improve the vacuum and to lower the e+ temperature to confirm H̅ formation.

  • The superconducting sextupole magnet, Feb 2010.
  • Collision experiments
  • p̅-H measurement using p̅s extracted from the trap was started.

At 10 keV, the new data confirm the magnitude of our measurements

  • btained at LEAR.
  • p̅-A σann measurement at 100 keV was started.

The main sources of background are under control and with an increase of the quality of the antiproton beam on the target the 100 keV measurement is feasible.

65

slide-66
SLIDE 66

ASACUSA

Beam usage plan for 2010

Beam usage plan for 2010 “CUSP” trap - antihydrogen beam extraction from the trap 9.5 weeks Antiproton-hydrogen ionization cross section measurement 2 weeks Antiprotonic helium-3 microwave resonance 4 weeks Antiproton-nucleus annihilation cross section at 100 keV 2 weeks Antiprotonic helium laser spectroscopy 9.5 weeks Total = 28 AD weeks - AD4 27 weeks

66