AP Research Poster Presentation Problem Statement, Research - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
AP Research Poster Presentation Problem Statement, Research Question, Definitions, Assumptions/Hypotheses, Significance/Importance, Proposed Method of Inquiry, Sources Used (add your name, date, Blk and teacher) One slide per student. Slide
Problem Statement, Research Question, Definitions, Assumptions/Hypotheses, Significance/Importance, Proposed Method of Inquiry, Sources Used
(add your name, date, Blk and teacher)
One slide per student. Slide completion date: 16 Oct. 2015, 3 pm. Presentation dates: Oct 26/27, 28/29, Oct 30/Nov 2.
Alex Cuozzo, Blk B3, Adkison
Problem Statement:
In Singapore, primary school students must take a Primary School Leaving Exam (PSLE) at the end of their sixth year of primary school. This exam is a standardized test and is extremely important to score highly on because it determines the future of the student’s education path. In order to compensate, 80% of all local primary school students are receiving supplementary education
the PSLE. Tuition may have significant psychological impacts (anxiety, mental health, preparedness, mood) on primary school students.
Research Question:
What are the psychological effects of test preparation for the PSLE on Singaporean primary school students? (Anxiety, confidence, mood, mental health, preparedness)
Definitions:
High stakes assessment: tests used to make significant educational decisions about students, teachers, schools, or school districts PSLE: The Primary School Leaving Exam, a high stakes assessment mandatory for grade six students in Singapore Tuition: the noun form of tutoring Intrinsic motivation: Students are motivated by their
tasks Extrinsic motivation: Students are motivated by
Test-anxiety: The fear and dread of having to take a high-stakes test. Usually arises from the belief that
Academic Performance: Can be described as the way that someone collectively performs on tests, in courses, and in other measurements of academic achievement
Assumptions:
I am assuming that any changes in mental status between the two groups of people are direct results of the presence of
students’ mental health, not their mental health that dictates whether or not they will take part in tuition.
Significance:
I hope, more than anything, to get a reliable and accurate answer to my research question in order to both add to the existing debate about standardized testing, more specifically the PSLE, and allow others to be more aware of the system of education that they are currently in. Singapore is a one of a kind place in the way that it is almost overrun by tuition; there are not many other places in the world where almost all
feel that it is extremely important to consider the possible effects that such a way of life might have on students, parents, teachers, and
have been many studies on different psychological effects that occur from test preparation in general, but the PSLE is unique in the way that it tests students at such a young age. The effects of high-stakes testing are generally known, but nothing so far has been conducted on the psychological effects of tuition for the PSLE on primary school Singaporean students. There is currently a lack of information available
so this study is especially useful for Singaporeans.
Method:
I am investigating the psychological impacts of test preparation for the PSLE on primary school students. I will collect data on two different groups and contrast them in
group of students who are engaged in tuition and one group of students who are not engaged in tuition. I will use a survey to collect qualitative data and quantitative data, maybe on the Likert scale, mabe open-ended. I hope to survey a group of around 400 primary six students from government-funded local schools.
Hypotheses:
I believe that there will be different responses for each aspect of mental
while anxiety was increased, for example. Sources: Tan, Jason. "Private Tutoring in Singapore: Bursting Out of the Shadows." Journal of Youth Studies (2009): 93-104. EBSCO. 1 Jan. 2009. Web. Paris, Scott, Theresa Lawton, Julianne Turner, and Jodie Roth. "A Developmental Perspective on Standardized Achievement Testing." Educational Researcher 20.5 (1991): n. pag. JSTOR. Web. Naveh-Benjamin, Moshe, Wilbert J. Mckeachie, and Yi-Guang Lin. "Two Types of Test-anxious Students: Support for an Information Processing Model." Journal of Educational Psychology 79.2 (1987): 131-36. Web. Madaus, George F. "The Effects of Important Tests on Students: Implications for a National Examination System." The Phi Delta Kappan 73.3 (1991): 226-31. JSTOR. Web. 29 Sept. 2015.
THE SIGNS OF SAN FRANSOKYO: A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF BIG HERO 6 Jamie Uy, Mr. Adkison, B3
Problem Statement: There is a problem in or with our lack of understanding of the current cultural significance of the contemporary animated film Big Hero 6. Despite the movie’s popularity, notable departures from traditional canons mentioned in the research question, and critical acclaim, not enough investigation of the film is occurring. While aca-fans have been quick to analyze aspects of the film in a political or racial sense (given its status as Disney’s first title starring an Asian-American protagonist) no-one has yet weighed these claims through a critical reading and comprehensively analyzed the whole breadth of themes and interpretations in Big Hero 6 that explain possible reasons for its appeal. This problem has negatively impacted the scope of media studies because the text merits closer academic attention. A possible cause of this problem is the relative currency of the film (researchers may be deterred from studying so new of a media phenomena without the assurance that its story will remain relevant over time) and the lack of marketing that would otherwise push this film at the forefront of mainstream media. Perhaps a study which investigates Big Hero 6 through a semiotic method, keeping in mind the production history of the title and putting the film in context of the industry, could remedy this situation. Research Question: Through a comprehensive semiotic analysis of Big Hero 6 that situates the film’s tropes, signs and symbols in the context of relevant canons such as Disney/Pixar/Marvel films and the superhero/science-fiction/children’s entertainment/anime genres, how do various critical readings of Big Hero 6 explain its current cultural significance? Sources Used: Signs of Life in the USA by Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon, Semiotic Analysis by Arthur Asa Berger Proposed Method of Inquiry: Semiotic analysis; nonexperimental; qualitative; primary sources. In short, I will use pop culture history to analyze the film and determine possible ‘messages’ that explain its appeal. Information collected will be mostly my own interpretations of characters, settings, tropes, etc. of Big Hero 6, but will also include other semiotic analyses
similar films, reports/interviews with cast members, production team, and Disney executives, and data detailing critical reception (e.g. box office numbers). Definitions: ❖ semiotic method - the study of signs ❖ canons - characteristic systems of signs as dictated by tradition, literary history, etc. Assumptions/Hypotheses: ❖ Big Hero 6 is a cultural object worthy of academic attention. ❖ Big Hero 6 is very popular. A study of BH6 will expose something meaningful about society. ❖ Semiotic analysis is a valid method for determining possible meanings of complex representations. Significance/Importance of the Study: ❖ explore how media mirrors society ❖ deconstruct one way of interpreting media-constructed narratives, which is increasingly imperative to our media-saturated everyday lives ❖ use BH6, since it is a recent film in the rich canons mentioned above, as a case study to better understand the intersections of media, culture, and society
Cole Derksen Problem Statement: Although Singapore has shown massive growth recently (19th-9th in the last 2 years), according to
many sites that rank countries “entrepreneurial culture” such as the The EY G20 Entrepreneurship Barometer, if Singapore does not find additional ways to continue growth, the fast growth we've seen may begin to slow, thus negatively affecting SIngapore’s economy.
Research Question: To what extent has the Singaporean Government's efforts to develop the Startup culture
(mainly a massive influx of cash into that sector) in Singapore been successful and how could it perform even better if they incorporated methods used by similar countries who have taken different approaches to growing this culture?
Definitions: entrepreneurial culture, Equity Financing schemes, Cash Grants, Business Incubation Schemes, Debt Financing Schemes, EY G20 Entrepreneurship Barometer, Singapore Ministry of Finance, The HUB, entrepreneurial confidence, nascent entrepreneurs, high ability entrepreneurs, project selection Assumptions/Hypotheses: ❖ Although Singapore’s massive cash influx has helped propel it to one of the 10 countries for entrepreneurial culture in the world, in
trying to implement other methods to boost the culture, including focusing on incorporating entrepreneurial skills in higher/lower education systems, etc. ❖ While the influx of cash has initially been successful, without implementing other methods detailed above, the culture will slowly begin to fade. Significance/Importance of the Study:
❖ Possibly provide a new study that projects different methods that may help keep up the pace Singapore’s entrepreneurial culture is on. (It has moved from 19 to 9 in the last 2 years). This way the growth does not begin to slow ❖ Provide a new look at an often overlooked (but still very important) niche of the Singaporean Economy.
Alexis Mountcastle, B3, Mr. Adkison Understanding the Illegal Wildlife Trade in Singapore
Problem Statement: There is a problem with the destruction of wildlife due to the illegal wildlife trade in Southeast Asia and especially in Singapore. Despite Singapore’s reputation for having strict laws and successful regulation of trade (especially in industries such as the drug market), Singapore continues to act as one of the largest importing and exporting hubs of black market wildlife products in the region. This problem has negatively affected wildlife throughout Southeast Asia, seeing as the popularity of the trade is now pushing some species of flaura and fauna to extinction. A possible cause of this problem in Singapore specifically is the popularity of Chinese Traditional Medicines, which are notorious for using rare animal products as ingredients in the treatment of ailments. Perhaps a study using an exploratory, non-experimental approach would help discover the political and legal root of the problem in Southeast Asia, that has in turn pushed Singapore to the heart of the problem of the black market wildlife trade. Research Question: What aspects of Southeast Asian law and trade regulation have contributed to Singapore’s position as a hub for the import and export of trafficked illegal wildlife products? Assumptions/Hypotheses:
❖ The illegal wildlife trade is contributing to the destruction of wildlife in Southeast Asia ❖ Singapore is not doing enough to halt the trade of illegal goods on the black market ❖ There are gaps in import/export regulation that have made Singapore a regional hub for wildlife trade ❖ Singapore could successfully combat the problem through specific legislation and new regulation policies
Significance/Importance of the Study: ❖ explore the social/anthropological implications of law and governmental regulation ❖ contextualize the black market trade ❖ shed light on a gap in trade policy in order to better understand the problem and ultimately tackle it through new legislation
Sources Used: Border Permeability and the State
Study the Use of Animal Products in Traditional Medicines? by Alves, Rômulo, and Ierecê Rosa; OECD Trade Policy Studies Illegal Trade in Environmentally Sensitive Goods.
Proposed Method of Inquiry: My method of
inquiry is currently a non-experimental approach that will use exploratory procedures to determine the political and legal gaps that have led to Singapore’s position as a hub in the wildlife trade. I will consider secondary sources for my research, which will include both quantitative and qualitative aspects. However, i will also use some primary sources, which will include interviews with experts in the field of the wildlife trade and Southeast Asian trade regulation. Definitions: Shadow Trade, End-user, transboundary movement, porous borders
Vanessa Smiley -Adkison.
Problem Statement
There is a problem in psychologist’s attempts to pinpoint a specific cause of the alien abduction phenomenon due to two main reasons: first, we live in a socially-constructed reality, meaning that social norms dictate what we perceive as “real” and “unreal”. Society has classified the literal reality of an alien abduction as unreal, and as a consequence, people find themselves naturally inclined to conduct research on the subjective reality of an alien abduction, meanwhile completely ignoring the possibility that these abductions happen in a literal sense. But what if these experiences lie outside of the restrictive cognitive boxes such as real-unreal? What if we are dealing with material that is outside shared, socially-constructed reality? It’s truly a problem of intersubjectivity - and since our own beliefs and expectations both guide and limit our research, just like the socially- constructed belief that aliens are not real has deterred people from evaluating the literal reality of this phenomenon despite the unmistakable consistencies among alien abduction narratives, psychologists must become more receptive to ideas that may unjustly lie in the “unreal” area. The moment multiple theories have failed to bring us one step closer to explaining a situation, you know there’s a need for a paradigm shift. Moreover, despite the multiple case studies conducted by neurocognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural psychologists, they simply have been unable to formulate an adequate theory for this phenomena inasmuch as they not only differ on fundamental principles but have also refused to collaborate to form a holistic theory. This problem has negatively impacted both the abductees and the scientific
experiences, many abductees have developed an serious form of learned hopelessness, which has in turn damaged their psychological
phenomena among young adults represents an extremely weak and unexplored area of research, which has left the general populace lingering in uncertainty.
Definitions: reality-monitoring problem, fantasy proneness, reconstructions, false memories, hypnotic suggestibility, etc.
Current Research Question: To what extent does the scene wherein the “head alien” inserts a needle into the woman’s vagina reflect the masochistic desire to temporarily lose control that has arisen from western 21st century pressures.
Assumptions: As I conduct research on my topic, I am currently under the assumption that alien abduction experiences reflect subjective rather than objective realities - meaning that though alien abduction experiences are very real in the eyes of abductees, they nonetheless represent intricate fabrications of their mind; I am assuming that aliens do not actually invade this earth and kidnap humans, and as a result, alien abductions constitute a hallucinatory experience. I have recently discovered that this assumption, though logical-sounding, is detrimental to my research inasmuch as this aspect of psychology is currently in need of a paradigm shift.
Hypothesis: I hypothesize that, due to the shared elements of sadomasochistic fantasies and alien abduction experiences, people who claim to be abducted by aliens have experienced an overwhelming desire to escape the self - which has in turn manifested itself in a very unique type of sadomasochistic fantasy: an alien abduction. Method of Inquiry: Due to feasibility issues, I will be conducting secondary source research. I will be synthesizing a wide-gamut of primary- source alien abduction accounts in order to reach new conclusions. My research will hopefully consist of both quantitative and qualitative data.
Significance: This research will be of great significance to both the psychological community and the abductees
extensive research, the psychological community has failed to provide an adequate theory for the phenomenon as a result of both the limitations of our socially-constructed reality and fundamental differences among the subfields of psychology. Therefore, my research paper will either bring the psychological community one step closer to pinpointing the cause of this phenomenon, or, at the very least, help them recognize the intense need for a paradigm shift in the
experiences are literally real or not, the alleged abductees are suffering from extreme trauma as a
the first step to overcome a trauma is to recognize and acknowledge the source of that trauma, so my research paper will hopefully provide certainty in a field the
Sources used: McLeod, C. C., Corbisier, B., & Mack, J. E. (1996). A More Parsimonious Explanation for UFO
Apurva Ashok, B3, Mr. Adkison
Problem Statement: There is a problem with the way modern-day science fiction influences current generations. Despite the extraordinary advances in biotechnology and mechanical technology, science fiction films exaggerate the negative consequences of futuristic innovations. This problem has impacted children and young adults and their perspectives on futuristic science because these developing minds can be manipulated to approve or disapprove of future innovations simply based on how they are portrayed in entertaining films. This in turn could hinder further development of scientific discoveries and instill fear of these technologies among the society. A possible cause of this problem is the increase of influence in media and entertainment films, and how young minds tend to learn and connect with the content in these films. Perhaps a study which investigates the impact of a few particular films heavily influenced by biotechnology and science, on a random population of adults, teenagers and children through a correlational study method could remedy this situation. Through a correlational research, how do popular science-fiction films such as X-Men, Artificial Intelligence and Jurassic World influence the belief and support for the development of biotechnology, specifically genetic engineering, in the future among young children, teenagers and adults at Singapore American School? Definitions: Biotechnology, Mechanical Technology, Young adult science fiction, fantasy, entertainment corporations, bioethics, nanotechnology Assumptions/Hypothesis: I go into this research project having a bias which I need to address because I think science-fiction films have a negative impact on children and make them think that future technology is bad. With movies that have robots destroying the world, and genetic engineering creating monsters, I believe that it might hinder future progress. My hypothesis is that specific science fiction films, when analysed, can have potential harmful consequences to society’s interpretation and approval of science. Other peer reviewed articles have also discussed organ donation and business corporations in media and how they have impacted children and their liking of science and biotechnology. Based on their studies I also expect to find a negative correlation. I will also be assuming that if there is a negative correlation, it is because of the movies and not their own mental behaviour
Significance: I am deeply interested in innovations and technology in the scientific field and want to help develop them in the future. However, I think that certain films, books and media presentations shed negative light on scientific enquiry that may scare the general population of these innovations. This could hinder its development, even though it might benefit us. Through this, I hope to identify what society’s beliefs and perceptions of science technology is, whether positive or negative, and see why it is the way it is, and whether it is impacted by growing science fiction industries or
Method of inquiry: I am doing a correlational study, where I will use quantitative data from a sample of SAS adults, teens and children and their opinions and perceptions of scientific
Primary and secondary sources. Sources: Naarah Sawers- Capitalism’s New Handmaiden: The Biotechnical World Negotiated through Children’s Fiction Stephanie Guerra- Colonizing Bodies: Corporate Power and Biotechnology in Young Adult Science Fiction
Demetri Greco, B3, Adkison
Problem Statement: Kids go to class, learn and walk out the door, but lack much one
problem could be the issue with the idea that our big school doesn’t feel small. People don’t take the time to build relationships with teachers, so a solution to this problem could involve more positive reinforcement. By increasing one on one attention, students will feel more important and hopefully feel more motivated to increase work ethic and manage time accordingly. Research Question: How do email compliments, after quizzes and before tests in mathematics and economics, affect student achievement in high school at the Singapore American School? Hypothesis: With more student - teacher interactions, I predict that students will allocate more time towards the class which has a teacher they have a strong connection with is in. By implementing positive feedback regularly on a personal level, I predict that students academic achievement will increase. Money has been shown to decrease intrinsic motivation, whereas verbal reinforcements tend to increase intrinsic motivation Method - Quantitative Real Experiment conducted at SAS
Significance:
toward learning
job that you hate. You do it for the money - Extrinsically motivated.
doesn’t weigh the future for what it is actual worth and “discounts” the true value. People who discount the future are attractive to instant gratification instead of delayed large gratification.
shove, get rid off, and push off to the side true motivations.
smartest in the class)
incentives, having the most impact with a certain type of incentive. Assumptions: From my research and literature review, I assume that students at Singapore American School will react more to compliments and social prestige than to cash incentives because of their high socioeconomic background.
A New Era of Motivation: Social Prestige and Compliment Incentives
Emma Gordon - ADKISON
Problem Statement - There is a problem with the way that Hugo Chavez communicated information to his people during his time in office. Despite claiming to create a democratic nation at the Communal Councils after his election in 1998, corruption and a lack of transparency between officials and constituents ran rampant. This problem has negatively impacted the citizens of Venezuela because money from their national treasury was used unlawfully, and the promises made by Hugo Chavez fell flat. A possible cause for this problem is the style of leadership that Chavez employed including deceptive political rhetoric, which was a main factor that allowed him to garner a following. Perhaps a study which investigates his style of communication paired with Venezuelan cultural phenomena could unpack the reason that Chavez relies so heavily on appeals to authority in his speeches. Research Question - How did Venezuelan leader Hugo Chavez’s rhetorical use of appeals to South American liberator Simon Bolivar’s authority compare to American President George Bush’s inclusion of references to the “founding fathers”, and to what extent can Venezuelans’ and Americans’ relationships with their given revolutions (1823, 1776) explain the vast difference in frequency? Definitions - illocutionary force, indirect speech act, Gricean Maxim, grand corruption, bureaucratic corruption, systemic corruption, punto fijo, populism, hyperpresidentialism, reference, allusion, association technique, ideograph, appeal to authority Assumptions - I think I went into this project with a lot of cultural biases that I need to address. First, living in America for the majority of my life and being taught that capitalism is a key factor
margins, and had a large group of dissidents against him up until his death. Hypotheses - The vast difference in frequency of appeals to authority used in Hugo Chavez’s speeches versus that of George Bush will strongly correlate with the level of intensity of that citizens
Significance/Importance - My motivation is to determine, speaking broadly, why Chavez was reelected time and time again. How did a leader viewed by the world as corrupt and evil gain favor (although limited) in Venezuela? What was it that made them believe in him? If my research does anything to answer this question even slightly, I will have succeeded. I think that everyone should care about my project because each and every person is a citizen of some country, subject to the persuasive rhetoric of that place’s leaders. Although we may think we are impervious to the tricks of great speech writers, in reality none of us are. I hope that my research helps the people it reaches reflect on how their own cultural heritage affects how they perceive the success of political rhetoric, and be more aware of cultural biases and tendencies as a discerning voter. Proposed Method of Inquiry - I am going to do a combination of ethnographic research and correlation research. By cataloging differences in appeals to authority used by leaders in the US and Venezuela and trying to explain a possible reason, my research is exploring and comparing cultures. When I attempt to find a link between a high level of appeals to authority in politics and a strong devotion to the liberator/independence of that nation, that constitutes as a correlation study.
The Effects of Secondary Corticosteroid Treatment on Pediatric Atypical Kawasaki Disease Patients - Sun Jay Yoo - Adkison - Blk
B3
Problem Statement
There is a problem with the current accepted method of treating atypical Kawasaki disease (KD). Pediatric patients presenting incomplete clinical symptoms can be IVIG resistant and are at high risk for heart complications due to giant coronary artery aneurysms. Despite research exploring different treatment medications (ex. IVIG, ASA [aspirin], Infliximab, steroids), methods, and clinical outcomes, more research needs to be done to resolve the controversy and establish the most effective treatment method to treat this disease. This problem has negatively impacted IVIG nonresponders, because the current accepted treatment method can still leave them susceptible to life-threatening heart problems. A possible cause of this problem is the controversy and lack of understanding around the optimal treatment method. Perhaps a study which investigates the clinical outcomes of treatment with secondary corticosteroid, by a statistical comparative analysis against subjects treated with responsive primary IVIG could remedy this problem
Research Question
What does a clinical analysis on secondary intravenous methylprednisolone (corticosteroid) treatment on Singaporean Kawasaki disease patients unresponsive to primary intravenous immunoglobulin therapy show about its effects on febrile duration and the inner diameter of the coronary artery?
Definitions
Essential Definitions
substances within the body.
pictures of blood as it flows through an artery or vein. Is the “gold standard” in visualizing and detecting coronary artery aneurysms (a bulge in a blood vessel).
artery often found on a coronary angiogram. It can be life-threatening. In KD, this occurs due to inflammation and thrombosis (vasculitis) of the interior walls of the blood vessels.
secondary intravenous immune globulin, intravenous methyl prednisolone), because they were unresponsive to the initial treatment of IVIG.
to small blood vessels (vasculitis) throughout the body. Inflammation can be life-threatening when it occurs in the coronary arteries.
autoimmunity of white blood cells / lymphocytes that essentially create scar tissue inside the walls of blood vessels through a mistaken immune
Other Definitions Coronary Artery Lesions (CAL), Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA/Aspirin), C- Reactive Protein (CRP), Defervescence, Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG), Intravenous Methylprednisolone (IVMP) / Corticosteroids, Echocardiogram (ECG/EKG), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Intravenous Gamma Globulin (IVGG), Myocardial Infarction, Pericardial Effusion, Stenosis, Warfarin
Assumptions
In my research, my assumption (null hypothesis / status quo) is that secondary IVMP is equally as effective compared to those who receive secondary IVIG for treating KD IVIG nonresponders. My research would either reject or fail to reject this assumption, concluding that corticosteroids is or isn’t a better alternative. In terms of background information, I am assuming that the best way to measure the efficacy of KD treatment is through febrile duration and angiogram measures of the coronary artery inner diameter. I am also assuming that IVIG is an optimal primary treatment method, but the secondary treatment methods are still up to debate. Another assumption is that IVIG nonresponders are at high risk of heart complications if left fully untreated.
Significance/Importance
Considering the current scientific context in which there is a huge controversy in whether IVMP/corticosteroids are a safe and effective secondary treatment measure for IVIG nonresponders, I hope to give the scientific community additional research and perspective on this inquiry. There has been reputable research on both ends of the spectrum- some concluding that steroids are harmful and others concluding that steroids are safe/effective. My research would be would be new in a sense that no research has been done on KD IVMP/corticosteroid treatments in Singapore, and my data is completely original. Through this inquiry I would be able to successfully conclude that corticosteroids (according to the data) improved clinical outcomes, had no significant difference, or worsened clinical outcomes (my goals). This would provide further evidence and strengthen a standard treatment protocol for KD IVIG nonresponders, whether I find steroids to be a better alternative or not (and hopefully, save more lives).
Proposed Method of Inquiry
Retrospective Observational Study. After compiling all patients with KD in the past 15 years through the Records System by a simple search system of the keyword “Kawasaki Disease”, I would narrow down my list to those specifically unresponsive to primary IVIG. Then, this list would be split into two observational groups: IVIG nonresponders treated with secondary IVIG, and IVIG nonresponders treated with IVMP (more groups added if needed). From then I would need to collect a full medical records for each of the subjects in both groups and I would record febrile durations, coronary dimensions, and lab test results (CRP, ESR) for each subject. Using statistical software (SPSS/R), inferences would be made on the subject population (Singaporean KD IVIG nonresponders) with statistical tests such as the two-sample t-test (whether the mean data is significantly different for the groups), the permutation test (whether the clinical outcomes are related to the treatment method), and the rank sum test (whether the distribution of data [median] is different for the groups). These tests would show if there is statistical difference (or not) in the clinical outcomes when the patient received secondary IVMP.
Sources Used
Nonresponse to Initial Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment Among Kawasaki Disease Patients in Japan. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.
Globulin Therapy in Acute Kawasaki Disease. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.
coronary artery involvement. Pediatrics.
pulse therapy for Kawasaki disease unresponsive to additional immunoglobulin therapy. Paediatr Child Health.
John Tanasijevich Problem Statement: There is a problem with the way nations allow cultural superstitions to impact their policies, and in effect their
economy, there is no research done on how the superstitions affect the policy itself. This study would aim to target the link between policy and deep rooted cultural beliefs in East and Southern Asian nations and try to establish a link between the two. After the link is established, the end goal will be to see how that belief influenced policy currently affects the country's economic output. This problem has clouded the view of many geopolitical analysts because it causes the political system to not be easily predicted without a good understanding of a nation's culture and history. A possible solution would be increased knowledge into the different workings of specific societies so as not to be ignorant to external factors on policy. Perhaps this study will help raise awareness for the issue as to increase cultural knowledge. Research Question: What are the effects of culturally superstitious based government policy on Asian nations economies? Assumptions: We will assume that the superstitions do have a direct impact on policy created, and will only need to establish a link. I will be hypothesizing the impact the policies have on a nation’s economy, because again, this is something impossible to prove directly without a government statement. Significance: The significance of this issue is huge because it will help us understand how the world operates better. Most people do not take the culture of a nation into account when analysing their policies and governmental strategies, but if they did, economic fluctuations could be easier to predict because experts would be able to understand why governments put in place what they do and what effect it will have. Method: Research and a meta analysis of data to form new conclusions Sources: Ghereghlou, Kioumars. “Review.” Review of Superstition as Ideology in Iranian Politics: From
Majlesi to Ahmadinejad, by Ali Rahnema. International Journal of Middle East Studies, May of 2011. http://www. academia. edu/3459742/Review_article_of_Superstition_as_Ideology_in_Iranian_Politics_From_Majlesi_to_Ahmadinejad_by _Ali_Rahnema “The Attack of the Killer Fans.” Last modified May 31, 2012. http://www.theatlantic. com/health/archive/2012/05/the-attack-of-the-killer-fans/257903/
Definitions:
1. Superstition: a belief that has no real scientific backing specific to a certain country or culture 2. Policy: either an act or procedure that is committed or enforced by the government of any given nation, does not have to be a written law 3. Benefit (economic sense): improves the nation's overall economy, not necessarily improves standard of living but increases gross average growth 4. Drawback (economic sense): harms the nation's overall economy, not necessarily improves standard of living but increases gross average growth 5. Culture: Specific beliefs and practices localized to either a certain era of the globe or one specific country
Erika Angell B3 Adkison
Problem Statement:
There is a problem with the the lack of research in educational artificial intelligence compared to marketing artificial intelligence. This problem has negatively affected the advancement of e-learning systems and individual learning paths because there hasn’t been enough funded research surrounding the
lots of companies want to understand their consumer and for this they use AI and web mining - hence there is lots of current research about this topic but not a lot in the non funded e-learning systems. Perhaps a study by a comparative analysis method could bring to light the inconsistencies in the research and the influence of those inconsistencies.
Research Question:
What is the gap between developed asynchronous conferencing systems and web mining involved in marketing artificial intelligence and e-learning AI introduced to advance personalized student learning?
Definitions:
Artificial Intelligence, Learning Environment, Learner Modelling, Situated Learning, AI in education, swarm intelligence, adaptive content planning, intelligent assessment paper generation, Data Mining, e-learning, Web Usage Mining, Learning Activity Evaluation, Adaptive Web Sites
Assumptions/Hypotheses:
Going into my paper, I am assuming that capitalism has an effect on what subjects are being researched and how that has an effect
be a gap in the knowledge between marketing and e-learning AI research, and that this gap has hindered the advancement of online education, while individual marketing has blossomed.
Significance/Importance:
The significance of this piece lies within the greed within society, although AI in marketing and education is a unique way of looking at greed in society, proving that their is a gap proves that society cares more about money than education. I hope my research paper will show that AI in e- learning systems are just as important as marketing systems and that we should spend just as much time
Proposed Method of Inquiry:
Comparative Analysis, comparing two sets of
systems and their recent advancement to show a gap in the research.
Sources:
Data Mining Techniques: For Marketing, Sales, and Customer Relationship Management https://books. google.com.sg/books? hl=en&lr=&id=Ni5nMDO1OfEC&oi=fnd&pg=PR19& dq=finding+customers+web+mining&ots=v886soLOC N&sig=sphfBHYUBAZptA- ZlTtQ9wbtpl0#v=onepage&q&f=false , http://citeseerx. ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.116.6903 &rep=rep1&type=pdf - Web Mining for Business Computing, Za¨ıane, Osmar. "Web Usage Mining for a Better Web- Based Learning Environment." Cumming, G. "Artificial Intelligence in Education: An Exploration." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10. 1111/(ISSN)1365-2729.
Pakhi Gupta B3 Adkison AP Research Problem Statement: There is a problem in understanding the comparison between how Genghis Khan controlled his empire and how Google functions as an organization. Despite there being analysis done on Genghis Khan and Google separately, a comparison between their administration techniques has never been made. This study would broaden our perspectives in terms of the longevity of organized chaos as a method used to manage two different situations in starkly different times. This problem has affected our ability to understand the undeniable similarities between Google and the Mongol Empire at the lower
in terms of ideas and how they work is fascinating. A possible cause of this problem is the large gap in time between the two
historical discipline could remedy this problem. Research Question: To what extent do the methods used by Genghis Khan in politically controlling the Mongol Empire resonate with how Google’s Corporate Culture functions? Definitions: “Flat management”- the corporate structure is less bureaucratic, and hierarchical. These companies are more
“Imperial Appointment”- position within the imperial court Assumptions:
by Genghis Khan to his people and the level of freedom in Google’s corporate culture.
effective Method of Inquiry: Meta- Analysis, Qualitative,Non- Experimental Primary and Secondary Data. In this I will be collecting and reviewing information which would consist of researching primary and secondary sources which I would then use to make comparisons. Sources Used: The Secret Life of the Mongols, translated by Igor de Rachewiltz and Urgunge Onon. Significance:
Google can be used more often in organizations found today.
types of organizations in two different time periods.
Comparing Genghis Khan’s way
Mongol Empire and Google’s Corporate Culture
PROBLEM STATEMENT There is a problem with government. Despite eusocial insects showing great efficiency, many governments today are plagued with gridlock. Ant colonies have been compared to human society before, with a whole branch of science (myrmecology) devoted to them, but there hasn’t been any efforts to identify what we would call the ants’ government using terms we would usually confine to human societies. This is a philosophical problem, as we continue to advance technology to match ants (ant colony optimization) but we don’t adapt our governance system to match theirs. A possible cause of this problem is that not many people appreciate the complexity of ant colonies. Perhaps a qualitative analysis of observations and meta analysis through a political lens will remedy this situation.
SOURCES USED
1.
communication as the basis of organization in and colonies (Elsevier, 1998), 65-68. 2. (2004) Policing Relative Conflicts of Interest in Social Insects. PLoS Biol 2(9): e324. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020324
Robert Ostrom — Mr. Adkison — B3 — October 15
Governance of Ants RESEARCH QUESTION
Through qualitative analysis and meta analysis of Singaporean Camponotus Maculatus in an artificial formicarium and outworld through a political lens, can colonies be identified with a government structure?
ASSUMPTIONS/HYPOTHESIS
My hypothesis is that, through meta analysis of research and qualitative data received from observations one colony of Camponotus Obfuscatus, ant colonies will be found to have no one true government type, but will have merged several tenants of different government structures.
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE OF STUDY
The significance of this study is that it will either determine a more efficient government than ones our society is currently using, or, more likely, the study will come to find that ant colonies take attributes from multiple different government types, resulting in extreme efficiency.
PROPOSED METHOD OF INQUIRY
Major: Qualitative Observation — Minor: Meta Analysis Approach: Explore Design: Non-experimental — Method: Mixed Data: Primary& Secondary
DEFINITIONS
Incentive — Reason for execution||Communication — Exchange of information|| Democratic- Decision making through will of participants
PROBLEM STATEMENT There is a problem with government. Despite eusocial insects showing great efficiency, many governments today are plagued with gridlock. Ant colonies have been compared to human society before, with a whole branch of science (myrmecology) devoted to them, but there hasn’t been any efforts to identify what we would call the ants’ government using terms we would usually confine to human societies. This is a philosophical problem, as we continue to advance technology to match ants (ant colony optimization) but we don’t adapt our governance system to match theirs. A possible cause of this problem is that not many people appreciate the complexity of ant colonies. Perhaps a qualitative analysis of observations and meta analysis through a political lens will remedy this situation.
SOURCES USED
Robert Ostrom — Mr. Adkison — B3 — October 15
Governance of Ants RESEARCH QUESTION
Through qualitative analysis and meta analysis of Singaporean Camponotus Maculatus in an artificial formicarium and outworld through a political lens, can colonies be identified with a government structure?
ASSUMPTIONS/HYPOTHESIS
My hypothesis is that, through meta analysis of research and qualitative data received from observations one colony of Camponotus Obfuscatus, ant colonies will be found to have no one true government type, but will have merged several tenants of different government structures.
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE OF STUDY
The significance of this study is that it will either determine a more efficient government than ones our society is currently using, or, more likely, the study will come to find that ant colonies take attributes from multiple different government types, resulting in extreme efficiency.
PROPOSED METHOD OF INQUIRY
Major: Qualitative Observation — Minor: Meta Analysis Approach: Explore Design: Non-experimental — Method: Mixed Data: Primary& Secondary
DEFINITIONS
Incentive — Reason for execution||Communication — Exchange of information|| Democratic- Decision making through will of participants
Scott Gammons, Blk B3, Adkison
Problem Statement:
Atlanta has the fifth highest proportion of black people living in their population yet ranks well below the national average for residents living on integrated blocks in American cities with only 8.8% integration. Along with this are many cases of police brutality against African Americans in the city of Atlanta. These racial tensions are
music coming for Atlanta called trap music seems to glorify the violence. Perhaps a more positive message being sent by music could spark change and help curb the tensions that are in Atlanta.
Research Question: To what extent can racial tensions in Atlanta be subdued and resolved through music when compared to the success anti-war songs had in convincing the US to leave Vietnam in the 1960’s?
Definitions:
declaration of objection, disapproval, often in opposition to something a person is powerless to prevent or avoid through music.
apparent to the sight or understanding;
1960s and 1970s which opposed the military-industrial complex and involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War; they urged more public attention.
the general public.
Assumptions:
That a new form of music, much like anti- war songs, will send a more peaceful message and help change the mindset of people in Atlanta to want to find a peaceful resolution to the social injustices they are facing now.
Significance:
Considering how in the last year the subject of police brutality and racial profiling has been very prevalent in the eyes and minds of many Americans, I am trying to find a solution or at least a step that could lead toward an America free of racial inequalities and prejudices. I hope to find this solution through music and showing how it is effective and does work as seen from its use by the new left in 1960’s America for the issues that were prevalent at that time.
Method: I will be
working through a non- experimental study from which I correlate primary and secondary in order to show the similarities
American issues and how the same methods can be used to resolve these issues.
Hypotheses:
There is a correlation between the social issues America was facing in the 60’s and modern Atlanta and music will be an effective tool in helping to end racial tensions in Atlanta.
Sources:
1.) Anderson, Terry H. "American Popular Music and the War in Vietnam."Peace and Change 11.2 (1986): 51-65. Web. 3 Sept. 2015. <http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail? vid=3&sid=b97976e0-e892-4f6c-97f1- c08dfcc38b9a@sessionmgr115&hid=123&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==#AN=4839270 &db=a9h> 2.) Harrison, Benjamin T. "Roots of the Anti-Vietnam War Movement." Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 16.2 (1993): 99-111. Web. 20 Sept. 2015. <http://web.b.ebscohost. com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=49&sid=b97976e0-e892-4f6c-97f1- c08dfcc38b9a@sessionmgr115&hid=123&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==#AN=6424158 &db=a9h>. 3.)Carr-Wilcoxson, Amanda. "Protest Music of the Vietnam War: Description and Classification
edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3041context=etd>
4.)Browning, Gary. "Bob Dylan: The Politics of Influence." Popular Music History 8.2 (2013): 222-39. Web. 3 Sept. 2015. <http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail? sid=714dc9a5-8022-47d1-979d-13cde5ccd861@sessionmgr112&crlhashurl=login. aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26hid%3d124%26AN%3d96276763%26db%3da9h% 26site%3dehost- live&hid=123&vid=0&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==#db=a9h&AN=96276763 >.
Research Question: Considering Singapore’s cultural struggle to create a strong national identity, to what extent is there a
presence of an anti-foreign sentiment toward “High End” foreign workers in Singapore? How does this help evoke the solidification
Proposed Method of Inquiry: Qualitative Data- interviews with high-powered people (Family friend Yu
Lin Goh), interviews with common Singaporeans, email contact with various sociology professors at Singapore Institutions (such as Peidong Yang at NTU & Eric Thompson at NUS)
Sources Used:
Studies 18(3-4):304–20. Retrieved September 29, 2015 (http://profile.nus.edu. sg/fass/socect/2014%20thompson%20citizenship%20studies%20proofs.pdf).
September 29, 2015 (http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3&sid=4e88e978- 43e5-4bb7-8f2a-0f4f1f5e4235%40sessionmgr198&hid=101).
content/uploads/sites/2/2013/06/ST_Foreigners-are-frenemies_020612.pdf>.
LABOUR MIGRATION IN ASIA (1995): 191-200.JSTOR. Web. 16 Oct. 2015. <http://www.jstor.
Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=singapore&searchText=immigration&searchUri=% 2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3Dsingapore%2Bimmigration%26amp%3Bacc%3Don% 26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bfc%3Doff%26amp%3Bgroup% 3Dnone&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents>.
Significance/Importance: I have spent my entire life in Singapore and have observed countless interactions between the various
races and cultures. The diversity of people that I have noticed has led me to want to understand how the remotely different groups of people live in harmony, and how such diversity has contributed to the formation of a National Singaporean Identity. The primary goal of my research is to understand whether or not the supposed “anti-foreign sentiment” does exist; which I hope will help address the understanding of Singapore’s ability to create a strong National Identity.
Definitions:
traditions, language & politics
(Employment Pass)
Assumptions/Hypotheses:
I know that Singapore has struggled to form a central, national identity of its people. With the existence of so many cultures in races in one place, ethnic homogeneity is non existent in Singapore. Additionally, government attempts to increase economic revenue by raising the population of the island have led to the influx of many foreigners into Singapore. This introduction has also inhibited the development of a strong national identity in Singapore.
Sophia Law - Adkison
Problem Statement: There is a problem in determining if an anti-foreign sentiment towards “High-End” foreign
workers exists in Singapore, and whether or not this sentiment has affected Singapore’s ability to create a strong national identity. Despite studies that have been done on “Low-End” foreign workers (domestic and migrant workers) and on a specific demographic of talent (“Chinese foreign talent”), the attitudes of Singaporeans towards “High-End” foreign workers has not been addressed. This problem has negatively impacted Singapore’s understanding of their struggle to create a national identity. A possible cause for this problem is the lack of a sense
towards “High End” foreign workers by incorporating meta-analysis with self-conducted interviews of high powered government officials, common Singaporeans, and sociology professors at various Singapore Institutions (such as Peidong Yang at NTU & Eric Thompson at NUS) could remedy this problem.
Breaking 24 Hour News: Chloe Ferguson
Problem Statement: Students are being placed in classrooms that teach with one main learning style, therefore forcing students to learn certain subjects in ways that they don’t prefer. Changing the interior design This could slow a student's learning and even go as far as to place them behind their class all because they learn differently than the others.
Research Question:
What is the impact of interior classroom design (aesthetics) on SAS 4th grade students with different learning styles?
Definitions Engrossment: to occupy completely, as the mind or attention, absorbe Etiquette: customary code
Focus: center of interest or activity Visual: learns through watching/observing Kinesthetic: Learns by physically constructing Auditory: Learns by listening Lesson Plan: plan for the teacher to follow throughout the day about what is going to be taught and how it will be taught
Assumptions & Hypothesis: Based on my research so far, kinesthetic and visual learners are more common while auditory learners are harder to find therefore I expect to find a smaller amount
assuming that the students will answer the questions
that students need open spaces and new instruments and stations in classrooms to help facilitate their learning. Significance This will prove how different visual, kinesthetic, and auditory designs around a classroom can help students learn best. To help future generations learn in the best possible way using different classroom designs.
Proposed Method of Inquiry: I am going to start by interviewing as many 4th graders as possible. In this interview, I will give them a survey to fill out that was designed to find out what kind of learner the student is. After this, I will find what percent of grade 4 is kinesthetic, visual, or auditory with their
information that I will get, I will also ask each student a question and give them three options on how they would want to be taught the problem, a visual way, a kinesthetic way, and an auditory way. These findings will be compared with the survey's findings to see if either had any faults with the data collected. The two different tests should show similar if not the same data on how many students a re visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learners.
Sources Used Google Books: Handbook Of Classroom Management, Chapter 11: Design-Based, Participation-Centered Approaches to classroom management By: Daniel T. Hickey & Nancy Jo Schafer Anderson, M. (2010). What every 4th grade teacher needs to know about setting up and running a classroom. Turners Falls, MA: Northeast Foundation for
responsiveclassroom.org/sites/default/files/et4ch1.pdf. How Do I Learn? 2004 Stetson and Associates, Inc. stetsonassociates.com Learning-inventory-elem [Doc]. (n.d.). Stetson and Associates. Teaching Students to Read Through their Individual Learning Styles Eric.edu.gov, By: Marie Carbo, Rita Dunn, Kenneth Dunn Carbo, M., Dunn, R., & Dunn, K. J. (1986). Teaching students to read through their individual learning styles. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. What Every 4th Grade Teacher Needs to Know About Setting up and Running a Classroom. responsiveclassroom.org, By: M. Anderson Anderson, M. (2010). What every 4th grade teacher needs to know about setting up and running a classroom. Turners Falls, MA: Northeast Foundation for
responsiveclassroom.org/sites/default/files/et4ch1.pdf.
Emma Blair Hall
Farhana Chowdhury ~ October 16, 2015 ~ Block A4 ~ Began
Problem Statement: In 1980, the world was revolutionized with the easy-to-access 24 hour news cycle. However, there is a problem with it in the present day. There are now multiple 24 hour news stations that compete with each other for consumers. To keep their news interesting, these networks sensationalize news to suit their audiences and attract new
especially when it comes to gun control. The US is currently undergoing serious debate about gun control, and the news contributes significantly to public opinion. I feel like a content analysis of the news stations and their news could identify the effect of this issue.
Assumptions I know that news stations compete to portray certain ideas as the ‘right ideas,’ and one of the ways they do so is through sensationalism. For example, Fox News caters to conservatism while MSNBC focuses on liberal ideas. These news stations may stretch the truth or facts to highlight what they believe to be right. When applied to gun control, news stations will focus their reports on what their audience wants to hear or what they want their audience to
should own guns while MSNBC will try to do the opposite.
Definitions Sensationalism: the use of interest in subject matter, language or style Perception: the act of becoming aware through senses Yellow Journalism: Journalism that exaggerates or distorts the news to attract audiences or sensationalism in the media Journalism: reporting, broadcasting, writing or photographing news as a business Partisan Polarization: A sharp division in beliefs among the people (better definition) Risk Amplification: Making certain risks appear to be more prevalent than they actually are. Gun Control: regulating the selling,
Second Amendment: the right to bear arms
Proposed Method of Inquiry I will be conducting content analysis and meta analysis
may hint at sensationalism and public opinion. Then I’ll watch segments from several US news stations, such as CNN, FOX, and MSNBC, regarding the gun control issue in the US. While I watch, I’ll mark down how many times certain phrases or behaviors appeared. I will also look at past research, surveys and statistics about opinions on gun control. Finally I may review what other key issues have been influenced by media and draw parallels.
Sources Used Hargittai, Ezster, W. Russell Neuman, and Olivia Curry. "Taming the Information Tide: Perceptions of Information Overload in the American Home." The Information Society 28, no. 3 (2012): 161-73. Accessed September 22, 2015. EBSCOhost. Postman, Neil. "Amusing Ourselves to Death." Google Books. 1986. Accessed September 26, 2015. Schuster, Justin. "Yellow Journalism of the 21st Century." The Politic. February 28, 2012. Accessed June 29, 2015. Tapsell, Ross, and Joakim Eidenfalk. "Australian Reporting from East Timor 1975-1999: Journalists as Agents of Change." Australian Journal of Politics & History 59, no. 4 (2013): 576-92. Accessed September 25, 2015. EBSCOhost. Vaughn, Justin S. "The Presidency in the Era of 24-Hour News." Political Science Quarterly (Academy of Political Science). 124, no. 4 (2009): 737-39. Accessed September 26, 2015. EBSCOhost.
Significance News channels pick and choose what to report out to the public, and they continuously report
that may support a biased opinion. This can lead to sensationalism and sway opinions. Gun control is now a big topic of discussion and debate. The US Constitution guarantees the right to bear arms. Therefore, US citizens have been allowed to own and, in some cases carry, guns Gun related violence seems to be on the rise, at least that’s what the news are saying. Twenty- four hour news channels, in the usual manner to capture audience seem to “prey” on such unfortunate incidents and try to sensationalize such events. Each channel editorialize the news in their own philosophy or belief thus trying to sway public opinion in their way of thinking. I believe this topic is worth looking into because twenty four hour news is a large part of our lives and its influence is important in the modern day.
(working) Research Question: Given news stations sensationalize and sometimes exaggerate news to attract consumers, to what extent is 24 hours news affecting greater public’s view on gun control in the US?
24 Hour News and Gun Control
PROBLEM STATEMENT
There is a problem with income inequality (Hawaii Planning Association) in the state of Hawaii. Despite large amounts of tourism income on Oahu, the a large majority of Hawaii’s residents are suffering financially. This issue is further exacerbated by the state’s high energy costs. A possible cause of Hawaii’s income inequality may be poor governance, poor wealth distribution, and or the lack of a variety of industries on the islands — the main industry being tourism. Perhaps a meta-analysis investigation of the introduction of the renewable energy industry and its effects on Hawaii’s wealth gap could remedy the situation of income inequality and high energy costs on the islands.
American Council On Renewable Energy. (2014). Renewable Energy in Hawaii. Renewable Energy in the 50 States: Western Region. Retrieved from http://www.acore.org/files/pdfs/states/Hawaii.pdf Center on the Family. (2014). PUBLIC ATTITUDES ABOUT RENEWABLE ENERGY IN HAWAI'I. Renewable Energy Report. Retrieved from http://uhfamily.hawaii. edu/publications/brochures/9314e_14101012_COF_RenewableEnergy_Report-FINAL.pdf Jacobson, M. Z., Delucchi, M. A., Bazouin, G., Bauer, Z. A., Heavey, C. C., Fisher, E., . . . Yeskoo, T. W. (2015). 100% clean and renewable wind, water, and sunlight (WWS) all-sector energy roadmaps for the 50 United States. Energy Environ. Sci., 8(7), 2093-2117. doi:10.1039/c5ee01283j MacKay, D. J. C. (2009). Sustainable energy--without the hot air. Cambridge, England: UIT. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (1997). Dollars from sense: The economic benefits of renewable
Colin Brindle — Ms. Began — A4 — October 16
THE RENEWABLE ENERGY INDUSTRY AND ITS EFFECTS ON HAWAII’S WEALTH GAP RESEARCH QUESTION
In view of Hawaii’s legislation to become 100% renewable energy consuming and producing — through wind, solar, and ocean energy — by 2045, how would the introduction of these new industries and subsequent closing of the fossil fuel industry affect Hawaii’s wealth gap by the creation and loss of jobs?
ASSUMPTIONS/HYPOTHESIS
The introduction of the renewable energy industry to Hawaii will have several positive and negative repercussions. For one, if Hawaii produces its energy through renewable means, the state’s high energy costs would most probably be reduced: benefitting the state’s population. Furthermore, this new industry will create more job opportunities for Hawaii’s residence. However, the renewable energy industry would remove Hawaii’s fossil fuel industry and thus displace existing jobs, leading to a decrease in the state’s tax revenue.
SIGNIFICANCE
Hawaii suffers from income inequality, poor wealth distribution, and—due to its remoteness—high energy costs. If this study is successful, it could potentially propose a solution to remedy these three issues; however, I will be focusing on the wealth gap. Furthermore, the study will determine how the wealth gap will be mended by each type of renewable energy whilst presenting which type of renewable energy is the most effective (wind, water/hydropower, solar, or geothermal). The information in this study can also be extrapolated to
energy dependent.
PROPOSED METHOD OF INQUIRY
Major: Meta-analysis — Minor: Content analysis — Approach: Explore Design: Non-experimental — Method: Qualitative — Data: Secondary
DEFINITIONS
Renewable Energy — Wind — Ocean — Solar — Geothermal Economic benefits/costs — Hawaii — Inequality
Gaps in University Computer Science Education Joshua Graves
Problem Statement:
There is a problem with the amount of students who graduate with a computer science degree in the United States. Despite efforts to make awareness about the importance of computer science is, such as the Hour of Code campaign, there has been little increase in enrollment. A possible cause of this problem are gender biases that keep women, a large population, from choosing to major in it. Perhaps a meta-analysis that investigates this bias could remedy this situation. (MIT, Stanford, Harvard, Carnegie Mellon, Caltech)
Research Question:
Given the benefits of a computer science education, to what extent do psychological biases affect the amount of university students who major in it?
Hypothesis:
If there are gender biases towards females in computer science classrooms and peer pressure or social stigma present, then that would contribute to the lack of students who major or have degrees in computer science.
Significance:
Various technology companies explained in promotional videos that not enough kids knew about computer programming and how important it was for a future so closely entwined with technology. I did research at the end of AP Seminar and found that computer science had a big starting salary and a bigger market. After my research, I became convinced that computer science was an important class for students to take, even for a semester and I wanted people to understand that. I found it very interesting that there still weren’t people interested in this discipline and I wanted to know why. There will be a scarcity of computer scientists in the future and I think that data I find could be useful for high schools or universities who want to fill their computer science cap.
Assumptions:
I will assume that those who major in computer science have competent math skills. I will also assume that there is more than one factor deterring students from majoring in computer science.
Definitions:
this does not include community college or online classes
Sources:
August 21). Science faculty's subtle gender biases favor male students. Retrieved September 26, 2015, from http://www.pnas.org/content/109/41/16474.long#ref-4
Katharine Chua ~ October 16, 2015 ~ Block A4 ~ Began Research Question In the period between 2001-2015, how have the United States’ OEF-P missions impacted the Mindanao Peace Process? Assumptions & Hypothesis Beginning in 2002, the numerous OEF-P missions in the ARMM have been detrimental (to different degrees) to the Mindanao Peace Process. Definitions ASG: Abu Sayyaf ARMM: Autonomous Region
BBL: Bangsamoro Basic Law ISIS: Islamic State of Iraq and Syria MILF: Moro Islamic Liberation Front OEF-P: Operation Enduring Freedom (aka … OE Eagle) part of Global War on Terror Proposed Method of Inquiry Method: Meta-analysis research, historical research Approach: Explore/Design: Non-experimental Method: Qualitative Materials: OEF-P progress reports + history papers (9/11, Global War on Terror, peace process, Moro history, public opinion polls (2001-2015) Sources Used
SCHMITT, ERIC, and SOMINI SENGUPTA.
Global Efforts'. Nytimes.Com. Accessed October 15 2015. (http://www.nytimes. com/2015/09/27/world/middleeast/thousands-enter- syria-to-join-isis-despite-global-efforts.html.) FOREIGN AFFAIRS,. 2009. 'Is Southeast Asia The Second Front?'. Accessed October 15 2015.https: //www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/asia/2002-07- 01/southeast-asia-second-front. TUMINEZ, ASTRID. "Rebellion, Terrorism, Peace: America's Unfinished Business with Muslims in the Philippines." Brown Journal Of World Affairs 15, no. 1 (Winter2008 2008): 211-
(accessed September 27, 2015).
Significance The peace process between GPH and MILF has existed in some form for decades-- and only recently has anything resembling the BBL appeared.The creation of the BBL achievement that is not only incredibly significant for the Philippines’ history, but also the world, particularly so given today’s global context of Islamic insurgency and terrorism. Currently, the international pressure from ISIS is at the highest it's ever been, with nearly thirty thousand foreign recruits entering Syria to join ISIS this year. Problem Statement There is a problem in the understanding of the OEF-P program, in its effective application in the Philippines, and its role in increasing stability of the Muslim population in Mindanao. The lack of such understanding may allow similar endeavors to be initiated in the future.
Operation Enduring Eagle: A War on the Mindanao Peace Process
Nicole Ting Cook
A2Trig
Sam Young ~ October 16, 2015 ~ Block A4 ~ Began
Problem Statement
There is a problem with how psychological and physiological issues during interplanetary travel and settling will be addressed. Despite many studies done into isolation by containing astronauts in small living areas for extended periods of time, there is still room to study real life examples. Perhaps a meta-analysis study that investigates the psychological and physiological effects that occur on isolated base stations in Antarctica then compares that to what would be needed on Mars settlements could remedy this situation.
Sources used
/0256-4602.52992
281-294. doi: 10.3390/life4030281
(6823), 1115. Retrieved at http://web.a.ebscohost. com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=7becee07-1208-4b99-961a- 8a57c1b1c60f%40sessionmgr4005&vid=3&hid=4212 4.http://www.esa. int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/Concordia/Test_spacecraft_ piloting_skills_in_Antarctica
mars-next-steps-20151008_508.pdf
Proposed Method of Inquiry
I will be using meta-analysis as my main method of inquiry,
comparing the information to find similarities between them and conclude what information from Antarctica can be applied to Mars. Significance/Importance of Study
One very important aspect of interplanetary space travel is the mental health of all the crew. Traveling and perhaps even settling on another planet, in this case Mars, will mean hundreds of days on end spent inside, with partial exposure to extreme environments, this proves to have an impact both psychologically and
can provide data that can be used on future astronauts and space settlements to lower the risks of psychological or physiological damage.
Assumptions & Hypothesis
My assumptions for this topic contain the thought that circumstances
people will/do inhabit them. My hypothesis is that there will be a lot to learn from bases on Antarctica that can be applied to Mars including management of circadian rhythms, isolation and morale.
Definitions: Mars (planet): The fourth
planet from our sun, it is the second closest planet to Earth and the most likely for humans to settle on.
Antarctica (continent):
A continent located at the South Pole of Earth, it is icy with harsh weather conditions and temperatures reaching as low as
the day is dark during the winter and the sun almost never sets during the summer.
psychology: The study of
the mind and behavioural characteristics.
physiology: The study of
the body and its normal functions.
interplanetary space travel: A journey between
planets.
Research Question
What can be learnt from psychological / physiological problems with crew members in Antarctic bases and how can they be applied to future bases on Mars?
Lessons From the Ice Continent for the Red Planet: Similarities Between Settling Mars and Antarctica
Empowering Patients: The Present and Possible Future of Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy in Singapore’s Hospitals Evaluating the Effectiveness of Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy in Singapore with a Case Study at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital
Problem Statement
The problem is that there is a lack of recent assessments on the effectiveness of the OPAT program (Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Treatment) in Singapore. Despite OPAT being a program that directly impacts patients and their recovery process, there are few reviews that comprehensively assess OPAT programs in Singaporean hospitals. If there are problems within this system, patients in the program will be negatively impacted as they might end up being readmitted rather than being cured of their infection, and may not have a positive treatment
program itself, lack of interhospital collaboration and communication, and also the OPAT program being relatively young in Singapore. Perhaps a case study of Khoo Teck Puat Hospital’s OPAT program that looks into medication history, readmission rates, and other clinical data and takes patient interviews could provide a comprehensive review and some feedback for the programs that exist and are going to be created.
Definitions
OPAT - stands for Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Treatment, and is a form of treatment outside the hospital that allows patients who got discharged from the hospital after having an infection to be treated from home, or to come in once a day to take their antibiotics and other medication at the clinic. Patient readmissions - when the OPAT treatment was unsuccessful and patients are readmitted to the hospital. Self medication- when patients are able to administer their medication at home by themselves and do not need to come to the hospital. Parenteral: dosage forms as an injection or infusion. Common injection types are intravenous (into a vein), subcutaneous (under the skin), and intramuscular (into muscle). Infusions typically are given by intravenous route. Antibiotics- an umbrella term for medication that treats conditions caused by bacterial infections. Medical protocols - certain rules and regulations that must be followed within a healthcare system, and in this case, the OPAT program. Intravenous Therapy - the infusion of medication/ other liquid substances directly into a vein.
Assumptions and Hypothesis
The main assumption in this report is that OPAT is not a very popular program in Singapore, and that many hospitals are still not using this system
since even at KTPH, there are only 20- 30 patients in the program each month. The other assumption is that OPAT is in its infancy in most Singaporean hospitals, and has yet to adopt more protocols within OPAT as well.
Significance
This study will not only be assessing the quality
feedback for Singapore hospitals in comparison to more established OPAT programs, but will also be taking into consideration the exact demands and feedback of patients to provide a more holistic analysis of their current program and the improvements that can be made. With this sort of information, the hospitals will be able to better serve their patients, especially since their opinions and experiences are taken into account.
Methods of Inquiry
There are two main methods of inquiry in this case study: analysis of clinical data (which includes the medical history, condition, current medication, test results, days in the program etc.) and patient interviews/surveys which provide a more qualitative assessment of satisfaction with the OPAT program. This data will then be analyzed for patterns among certain conditions or demographics.
Sources
Fisher, D. A., A. K., Lye, D., Tambyah, P. A., Sulaiman, Z., Poon, E. H., . . . Lim, P. L. (2006). Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy in Singapore. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 28, 545-
net/publication/6699328_Outpatient_parenteral_antibiotic_therapy_in_Singapore Eaves, K., Thornton, J., & Chapman, A. L. (2013). Patient retention of training in self-administration of intravenous antibiotic therapy in an outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy service. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23, 1318-1322. doi:10.1111/jocn.12376 Allison, G. M., Muldoon, E. G., Kent, D. M., Paulus, J. K., Ruthazer, R., Ren, A., & Snydman, D. R. (2014). Prediction Model For 30-Day Hospital Readmissions Among Patients Discharged Receiving Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 58(6), 812-819. Retrieved September 27, 2015, from http://content.ebscohost.com/ContentServer.asp? T=P&P=AN&K=94799033&S=R&D=a9h&EbscoContent=dGJyMNHX8kSeqLQ40dvuOLCmr02eqLBSsaa4SLO WxWXS&ContentCustomer=dGJyMPGrsE+1rLFJudfue9/m8Yzt5ONT497ti/IA Chapman, Ann L. N. "Outpatient Parenteral AntiMicrobial Therapy in a Changing NHS: Challenges and Opportunities." Clinical Medicine 13.1 (2013): 35-36. Web. 27 Sept. 2015. <http://content.ebscohost. com/ContentServer.asp? T=P&P=AN&K=85270206&S=R&D=a9h&EbscoContent=dGJyMNHX8kSeqLQ40dvuOLCmr02eqLBSsae4S7G WxWXS&ContentCustomer=dGJyMPGrsE+1rLFJudfue9/m8Yzt5ONT497ti/IA>.
Shivani Rao Block: A4
Research Question: American high school football leagues have rules that require each player to wear certain equipment in order to play a game so that the safety of every player is maximized. One of the most prevalent injuries in high school football is a concussion. The equipment that the NFHS requires is aimed at reducing the amount of injuries that the athletes sustain, so which article of protective equipment, statistically, has been most effective in reducing the amount of concussions? How can the NFHS be convinced to change their policies concerning the gear/material to improve the safety of football players? Problem Statement: According to Head Case, the creator of the Head Health Management System (a three-part system that measures head impacts, records data and provides diagnostic tools to detect potential concussions), 47% of all reported concussions
will sustain a sports-induced concussion during the season. With concussion rates growing by the year, the once “chill” rules and regulations that high schools minimally enforced have evolved into strict, almost invasive rules all to maximize the safety of their
beneficial than others, specifically, the required equipment to play a football game. The helmets that the NFHS requires are different from other associations’ required headgear, and the inconsistency between the rules can be detrimental to those athletes that participate in the more relaxed league. Significance: If high schools and the sports associations that the high schools are a part of knew what materials in helmets absorb the most shock on the inside, or which material takes the most force to waver on the outside, the quality of helmets required to play a football game would drastically increase. Sadly, the helmet requirements are vague and do not require much more than what the cheapest helmets can provide. These rules encompass the safety of the players that they regulate, and if these high schools continue to purchase the same cheaply made helmets because of their easy requirements, the helmets will not change, and football players’ safety will continue to be jeopardized. Definitions (dictionary): Child: (based on U.N. definition) younger than 18 years old, unless the state identifies adulthood at a younger age High school: a secondary school; 9th grade through 12th grade, generally includes children aged 14-18 Equipment: Necessary items for a particular purpose Headgear: Hats, helmets, and other items worn on the head Helmet: A hard or padded protective hat, various types of which are worn by soldiers, police officers, motorcyclists, sports players, and others American Football: a kind of football played with an oval ball on a field marked out as a
touchdowns and field goals. Each side has eleven players on the field at any time. Collision: an instance of one moving object or person striking violently against another. National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS): publishes playing rules in 16 sports for boys and girls competition and administers fine arts programs. It provides a variety of program initiatives that reach the 18,500 high schools and over 11 million students involved in NFHS Rule: one of a set of explicit or understood regulations or principles governing conduct or procedure within a particular area of activity. Assumptions/hypothesis: Reduces risk of concussion most: most likely headgear (helmet) So go further: what kind of helmet material is most protective? Most likely hard material on outside with soft padding that absorbs shock on the inside Only looking at current (from 2000) U.S. rules Proposed Method of Inquiry: Meta-analysis, gather information from different high schools (some in NFHS and others that are not and have different required equipment) and see which concussion rates decreased because of helmet differences Sources Used: http://www.headcasecompany. com/concussion_info/stats_on_concussions_sport s https://www.iahsaa.org/football/2012%20Football% 20Information/2012%20Football%20Rules% 20for%20IA.pdf http://www.un.
Proposed Title: Heads Up High Schools: The Effectiveness of Headgear Worn by Football Players Sydney Ostrom, Began A4
Thomas Mcadam
Technologies Role in Education: The Impact of Technology at SAS
Problem Statement There is a problem with the use of technology in education either helping or hindering learning in the Singapore American School High School, despite the fact that use of technology in school is meant to only help students learn better. This problem is negatively impacting today's society and mainly students nowadays that rely on technology to get them by in school. Perhaps a study that investigates how much students rely on these technologies will show the truth and help fix it. Sources used http://pinker.wjh.harvard. edu/articles/media/2000_05_technologyreview.html http://www.the-standard.org/life/campus_life/technology-is-it- helping-or-hindering-education/article_6e39b6ee-7d1b-11e1-8ea9- 001a4bcf6878.html http://spartandaily.com/111248/technology-classroom-hinders- learning http://mashable.com/2010/11/22/technology-in-education/
Proposed Method of Inquiry
I will be using meta-analysis as my main method of inquiry,
that are well-informed in this area here at SAS. Significance/Importance of Study
One very important aspect of this study is the fact that it takes place right here at SAS in the high school where we learn. This article will effect all of us in some way, whether we are parents, teachers, students, or other members of the
Assumptions & Hypothesis
My assumptions for this topic contain the thought that the technology at SAS is negatively impacting the way that we are learning. And that because of this we are becoming a society more dependent on information from the internet.
Definitions: Technology: When I refer to technology I refer to laptops, cellphones, the internet, and any device that can be used in class. Learning: Defined using test scores like the SAT and ACT. Research Question How does the technology used in the High School at Singapore American School positively or negatively impact the way students learn?
Research Question: Judging by the reactions of residents living in Singapore, should there be funding for a gene therapy treatment for vitiligo?
Proposed Method of Inquiry: 1) Interview locals in places such as Little India, Chinatown etc for different demographics. 2) Correlate different beliefs with each culture 3) Observe Singapore’s view of Stigma through interviews Problem: There is a problem in or with our society’s lack of acceptance with those with of vitiligo. Ignorance and inherited attitudes about other diseases like leprosy contribute to the stigmatization of people with vitiligo, particularly young women, who suffer from its effects.Despite treatment (such as medicines you put on the skin, medicines you consume through the mouth, treatment that uses ultraviolet A light (PUVA), and skin grafting (something that should be happening), vitiligo , for some victims, is still occurring because many treatments are deemed useless . This problem has negatively impacted many people in their twenties (usually pops out in 20s but can be found on younger children), of all colours and races; however, it is more prominent with those with darker skin tone (victims of problem) because the white patches that appear on the body happens because the cells that make the pigment are destroyed. A possible cause of this problem is that there is not enough research to learn more about vitiligo because since it only affects people through their appearance, researchers tend to ignore it. Perhaps a study which investigates the victims of vitiligo by a survey or interviewing could remedy this situation as they could see how this psychologically affects the victim. SIgnificance:Vitiligo is a disease that causes the loss of skin color in blotches. The extent and rate of color loss from vitiligo is unpredictable. It can affect the skin on any part of your body. It may also affect hair, the inside of the mouth and even the
melanin die or stop functioning.Vitiligo affects people of all skin types, but it may be more noticeable in people with darker
for vitiligo may improve the appearance of the affected skin but does not cure the disease. Assumptions: Vitiligo at the moment is incurable as there is no “cure” for it. We are also assuming that vitiligo mentally impacts the victims, since about 80% of them develop depression or insecurities. Also, a possible way to find a cure for this genetic disease is through gene therapy because altering the gene correlated to vitiligo is the best option Definitions Vitiligo: is a disorder in which white patches of skin appear on different parts of the body. This happens because the cells that make pigment (color) in the skin are destroyed. Melanocytes: cells that make pigment colour Chronic: In medicine, lasting a long time. A chronic condition is one that lasts 3 months or more ... Biopsy: The removal of a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope Pigment: A substance that gives color to tissue. Pigments are responsible for the colors of skin, eyes, and hair. Skin biopsy: Removal of a piece of skin for the purpose of diagnostic examination. Skin biopsy is most frequently done to diagnose skin growths, such as moles, or skin conditions, such as rashes. Different skin biopsy techniques are used in different situations. A shave biopsy takes a thin slice and can be used to remove superficial lesions. A punch biopsy takes a core and can be used to remove small lesions and to diagnose rashes and other conditions. Excisional biopsies are generally larger and deeper than shave and punch biopsies, and they are used to completely remove an abnormal area of skin (lesion), such as a skin cancer. Pigmentation: The coloring of the skin, hair, mucous membranes, and retina of the eye. Pigmentation is due to the deposition of the pigment melanin, which is produced by specialized cells called melanocytes. Other pigment-related terms include hyperpigmentation (too much pigment), hypopigmentation and under pigmentation (too little pigment), and depigmentation (loss of pigment). Skin Grafting: type of graft surgery involving transplantation of skin. The transplanted tissue is called a skin graft. Gene Therapy: an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease Progressive: Increasing in scope or severity, advancing, or going forward. For example, a disease that is progressive is worsening uVA: photochemotherapy is a type of ultraviolet radiation treatment used to treat severe skin diseases
Tiffany Ang Began Capstone A4 October 13, 2016
Sources Used: Abdul, W, Qasim, W, McGrath, JA. Gene therapies for inherited skin disorders. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2014. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25085667. Accessed September 28, 2015. Gan, EY, van Geel, N, Goh, BK. Repigmentation of leucotrichia in vitiligo with noncultured cellular grafting. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2012. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21790525. Accessed September 28, 2015. McGrath, J, Tolat, J, Xia, L, Riddle, M. Patient-Specific Naturally Gene-Reverted Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2014. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24317394. Accessed September 28, 2015. Moretti, S, Spallanzani, A, Amato, L, et al. New Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Vitiligo: Imbalance of Epidermal Cytokines at Sites of Lesions. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2012. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11936274. Accessed September 28, 2015. Parsad, D, Dogra, S, Kanwar, AJ. Quality of Life in Patients with Vitiligo. US National Library of Medicine: National Institutes of Health. 2003. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc269995/. Accessed September 28, 2015.
What a trap is to a Common Palm Civet: The last wild urban carnivore of Singapore
Problem Statement: There is a problem with the trapping of common palm civets in Singapore. Despite being the last urban carnivores of Singapore, local citizens often view them as nuisances and trap them. This problem has negatively impacted the common palm civet population in Singapore because they get physically hurt, psychologically affected, and sometimes relocated to foreign environments. A possible cause of this problem is the lack of awareness on the physical injuries that are caused by
civets receive from trapping could remedy the situation. Furthermore, if the main reason for locals to trap civets could be pinpointed, a more relevant alternative could be suggested. Research Question: What is the main reason for trapping of common palm civets in Singapore by citizens, and what are the physical impacts of trapping on the civets? Definitions/Assumptions: Common Palm Civet: Contrary to popular belief, the civet isn’t a cat (popular nickname: Toddy cat). Instead, it is a member of the Viverridae family native to South and Southeast Asia. Trapping: Locals purchase box traps (which are easily available) to trap the civets, and then contact Wildlife Reserves, ACRES, or AVA to hand the civets over. Box Traps: Box traps are known to be the safest and least harmful traps available, as it doesn’t come with naturally harmful elements (such as snares and spikes). As Singapore is mostly urbanized, most locals don’t actually come in contact with civets (who live mostly in forests). As a result, I am assuming the Siglap area of Singapore to be the dominant/representative llocation for human-civet conflict, as most of the recorded cases come from the Siglap area, and this is also where I’m doing most of my research at. Hypotheses: As my research question is mostly explorative, I do not have a hypotheses. However, I do have some possible reasons to trapping as well as some possible injuries. Possible reasons: 1) Civets feeding on their fruit trees, 2) living on their room spaces, 3) making noise at night, 4) urinating/defecating at their houses Possible injury: Injuries to their snouts and gums (eg snout abrasion) Significance/Importance: Although the IUCN classified the civets as Least Concern back in 2008, recent studies suggest that the wild population is facing significant threat. This is especially relevant for Singapore as the civets are Singapore’s last urban carnivores, making them an important part of Singapore’s culture and diversity. Furthermore, a survey back in 2009 showed that most locals actually would prefer to coexist with the civets, and don’t view them as pests. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the current human-civet conflict Proposed Method of Inquiry: The research would be split into 2 parts: interviewing the Siglap locals, and collecting data from ACRES and Wildlife Reserves. 1) To find out the main reason for civet trapping, interviews would be done with the locals in the Siglap area. I would do so by physically going to the Siglap area and doing the interview house by house. 2) Most civets are handed over to ACRES and Wildlife Reserves after trapping. Therefore, by compiling and analyzing the recorded cases from both organizations, I could identify the dominant injury type, as well as the variety of injuries, and connect it to the physical traits of the box trap as well as psychological analysis of the civets’ mental states when being trapped. Sources used: Jaffar, Razak. "Living with Common Palm Civets." Researchgate. Singapore Zoological Gardens, 11 Nov. 2014. Web. 26 Oct. 2015. http://www. researchgate. net/publication/268149579_LIVING_WITH_COMMON_PALM_CIVETS_ (Paradoxurus_hermaphrodites) _A_CIVET_CONSERVATION_AND_EDUCATION_INITIATIVE_BY_THE _NIGHT_SAFARI Tan, Amanda Fay. "Creatures at Home." POSKOD. N.p., 3 Apr. 2012. Web. 25 Oct.
Vicky Zeng, 26 October 2015, A4 Ms Began
Problem Statement, Research Question, Definitions, Assumptions/Hypotheses, Significance/Importance, Proposed Method of Inquiry, Sources Used
(Victoria Radke, 10-15-15, Mrs. Began B2)
Problem Statement: The fact that there is currently no recognizable connection between US military involvement in foreign affairs and terrorism, is a problem. Terrorism is an action that has been affecting the southern united states recently, and has in the past as well. Despite actions to prevent the outbursts of violence, terrorism is something that we must accept as an intuitive decision on behalf of the terrorist- meaning it cannot be prevented without figuring out WHY people are committing such acts of blatant destructive violence. The problem has negatively impacted hundreds of lives in a multitude of US cities because often we find terrorists to largely inflict their ordeals of terror on large numbers of
is clearly unintentional, the actions of american politicians could be implicitly feeding the need for angered activist groups to resort to violence. Perhaps a study which investigates the actions of US politicians both domestic and internationally, and investigates those of known terrorists or terrorist groups through means of an explorative case study could remedy this situation. Significance: The ambiguous reason behind violence is a mystery that has long been present in my mind. Growing up in America as a german, I was often teased in school about my heritage, and naive young children would ask me if I was a nazi. Such hateful questions always sparked me to be inquisitive about the past of my country. Since Nazi Germany is already a field that has been so widely discussed and examined, I figured I could apply the same interest to less talked about regions of violence, such as our very own America, and also a very unmentioned connection. I think a large reason why the connection I am attempting to prove has never even been proposed- to my knowledge- is because of the sensitivity of the issue and the ease it has to offend Americans. An identified correlation between terrorism and US military involvement could lead to an implementable solution to significantly decrease the accounts of terrorism in our country. It’s time that children can go to school again without being afraid that they won’t come home alive. Assumptions: I believe there must be a connection between the reasons behind terrorism and the US’s over enthusiastic involvement in violent affairs abroad.. No person is intuitively evil, if mentally sane; there are always outside factors that sway a person’s upbringing, and morals. Likewise public understandings about certain issues have the same impact, they sway you to think that public consensus is the norm, even when it often times is not. In this instance, it is common consensus that when someone has an issue with someone else, violence is often a way to express your anger and hatred. Some would even say it is acceptable. I say it is not. It is so corrupt that we live in a society that believes it is the “norm” for a person to be violent towards another when they feel cheated, or like they are being treated unfairly or unrespected about something. It is shown through numerous comparative studies that the United States has a HUGE overreliance on military intervention in times of conflict in outside countries, and this is just strengthening the norm of our society to resort to violence, even terrorism, in times of conflict. Research Question: To what extent do the military foreign affairs decisions of US politicians affect the behavior of known activist groups in the southern United States and their resort to terrorism as a way to convey their beliefs? Hypothesis: If the United States continues to send troops into the same amount of foreign conflicts as they are now and if the US politicians continue to present the foreign military involvement as a natural means to conflict resolution, then activist groups in the southern United States will continue to resort to terrorism as a way to express their views and disagreements with society. Definitions: 1. Terrorism: the use of violent acts to frighten the people in an area as a way of trying to achieve a political goal 2. International relations: an area of study or knowledge concerned with relations between different countries: 3. Isomorphic Relationship: being of identical or similar form, shape, or structure 4. Internationalization: to place (something) under international control : to make (something) involve or affect two
5. Egoistical Deprivation: where an individual feels deprived because of his or her position within a group 6. Fraternal Deprivation: involving feelings of deprivation that arise because of the position of an individual’s group relative to that of other groups 7. Viceroy: a regal official who runs a country, colony, or city province (or state) in the name of and as representative of the monarch 8. Exceptionalism: the condition of being different from the norm 9. Demilitarized Zone: to remove weapons and military forces from (an area) 10. Adversaries: an enemy or opponent 11. Communiqués: an official announcement about a usually very important piece of news 12. Coercive power: using force or threats to make someone do something : using coercion 13. Civilian: a person who is not a member of the military or of a police or firefighting force Sources: Moghaddam, F. (2005). The Staircase to Terrorism. American Psychologist, 60(2), 161-169. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.60.2.161 http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/ikg/zick/Moghaddam%20(2005)%20staircase%20model.pdf Hoffman, B. (2001). Change and Continuity in Terrorism. Studies In Conflict & Terrorism, 24(5), 417-428. doi:10.1080 /105761001750434268 http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=5172230&site=ehost-live Eikenberry, K. W. (2013). The Militarization of U.S. Foreign Policy. American Foreign Policy Interests, 35(1), 1-8. doi:10.1080 /10803920.2013.757952 http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=85199702&site=ehost-live Meernik, J. (1994). Presidential decision making and the political use of military force. International Studies Quarterly, 38(1), 121. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=9406221171&site=ehost-live
Zachary Atlas
Problem Statement: There is a problem with the current extent to which the new Major League Baseball program is being used as a scouting tool. This problem has negatively impacted different levels of professional and amateur baseball, as this advanced scouting tool could be used to seek out the most elite baseball prospects. A possible cause of this underutilization is the cost of the equipment required as well as the cost required for
Research Question: To what extent will StatCast play a part in the future of player evaluation both at the professional and amateur levels. Definitions:
Assumptions/Hypotheses:
❖ StatCast could be used to track younger (lower level) players ❖ Utilization of StatCast at semi-pro and amateur levels may reveal certain talents/abilities ❖ StatCast could track certain things it is not yet programmed to track
Significance/Importance of the Study:
❖ Possible improvement in play at the Major League level ❖ Help players without outstanding stats/metrics stand out Sources Used:
Arthur, Rob. "A Baseball’s Exit Velocity Is Five Parts Hitter, One Part Pitcher."
Arthur, Rob. "Chase Utley Is The Unluckiest Man In Baseball." FiveThirtyEightSports. May 15, 2015. Accessed September 28, 2015. Casella, Paul. "Statcast Shows Off Endless Capabilities." MLB News. April 19, 2015. Accessed September 28, 2015. Darrow, Barb. "A Sneak Peak Into MLB Statcast Live (Sort Of) From Fenway Park." Fortune Live from Fenway Park, a behind the Scenes Look at MLB
Jaffe, Jay. "MLB Unveils Revolutionary Next-level Tracking Technology on Defense." SI.com. March 3, 2014. Accessed September 28, 2015. Leach, Matthew. "Commissioner Rob Manfred: MLB.com's Statcast Greatly Expanding in2015." Major League Baseball. February 28, 2015. Accessed September 28, 2015.
Method of Inquiry:
I will be using meta-analysis as well as quantitative research as my methods of study. Meta-analysis:
have already been conducted using StatCast data. Quantitative Research:
and analyzing them, I’ll be using StatCast to make my own conclusions about statistical patterns.
The Deviant Ruling: Singapore’s Questionable Future Michael Albanese, A4, Ms. Began, October 16th
Problem Statement: As seen with the detainment of Amos Yee, the Singaporean government consistently cracks down on the civil liberties of its citizens as it continues to govern with an extremely strict, traditional and pragmatic rule of law. Despite Singapore’s political prowess, economic prosperity and geographical advantages on the Pacific Rim, its workforce is
Research Question: To what extent does Singapore need to change its rule of law to better accommodate its working class and abandon its traditional, pragmatic current method of ruling in order to ensure another 50 years of prosperity? Definitions:
subordinating it to well-defined and established laws
by common interests and collective activity Hypothesis: The reason why Singapore has such an unhappy workforce is solely due to the government's fault and the culture values in which Singapore lacks. The government has the power to change the cultural values of its citizens in order to make them a more satisfied labor force which can thus ensure 50 more years of prosperity. Importance: This is a very important issue because Singapore is one
geographical location at the heart of the Pacific Rim. The political dimensions in Singapore can be echoed throughout the region in various aspects such as economic and social, that is why it is vital to have a politically stable Singapore. Sources Used:
Piper, Ingrid.CNN. 2015. 'Can The Singapore Success Story Last Another 50 Years? - CNN.Com'.CNN. Accessed August 10 2015.<http://edition.cnn. com/2015/08/08/asia/singapore-turns-50/index.html> Harjani, Ansuya. 2014. 'Singapore Workers Are An Unhappy Bunch'. CNBC. Accessed August 31 2015. http://www.cnbc.com/2014/06/17/singapore-workers-are-an- unhappy-bunch.html. Beech, Hannah. 2015. 'Singapore’s Next Story'. TIME.Com. Accessed August 10 2015. <http://time.com/3969543/singapores-next-story/>
Method of Inquiry: My research will include a both quantitative and qualitative approach. I will use both meta-analysis and a wide range of surveys and questionnaires to identify various ethnic and age group’s views on the current Singapore government’s rule of law. This data will be help me draw my conclusion as to why the Singapore government needs to change its traditional, pragmatic way of governing.
Rhea Jain, Block A4, Ms. Began
Facebook’s Filtering Algorithm: The True Inhibitor of Innovation
Problem Statement: There is a problem with the way
Facebook is filtering the information that appears on their users’ News Feeds. Despite the several changes to the algorithm, including making it more user-driven, people are only being exposed to the ideas of their friends or community. There is a possibility that this problem has inhibited the youth’s ability to innovate, as their network of inspiration is narrowed down. Perhaps a study which investigates the relationships between social media usage, types of friends, information that appears
innovative ideas through case studies, surveys, and interviews could remedy the situation.
How has Facebook’s filtering algorithm affected the Singaporean youth’s exposure to new viewpoints and ability to innovate?
Proposed Method of Inquiry:
people working in Facebook, computer science people)
studies of Singaporean youth (under 25 years
regions
Key Definitions:
Social networking - The use of websites and applications to interact with others and find people with similar interests and ideas Social media - Websites and applications that allow users to participate in social networking through collaboration and creating and sharing content Algorithm - A process/set of rules that are followed for calculations or problem solving operations, in this case, the set
media websites use for filtering Innovation - The act of creating new methods, ideas, etc.
Hypothesis: Facebook’s
decision to filter our NewsFeed hinders the users’ innovation processes
Significance/Importance: This issue is extremely relevant and
important for the whole world; the general network of ideas affects all young entrepreneurs. If the results of the research show that Facebook’s filtering algorithm is, in fact, hindering innovation, I could propose methods by which to ensure that we are being exposed to all the material that we should. Even if the results show that there is no correlation, this study would analyze other possible unintended effects of the filter, which could affect the lives of many social media users. Sources
Mergel, I. (2012). The social media innovation challenge in the public
& Democracy In The Information Age,17(3/4), 281-292. Karahalios, K. (2014). Algorithm Awareness. MIT Technology Review, 10-11. Ingram, M. (2015, May 7). Facebook 'Filter Bubble' Study Raises More Questions Than It Answers. Retrieved September 30, 2015, from http: //fortune.com/2015/05/07/facebook-filter-bubble-doubts/
September 30, 2015, from www.oecd.
Hu, X., Ha, L., Mo, S., & Xu, Y. (2014). Who Are Fans of Facebook Pages? An Electronic Word-Of-Mouth Communication Perspective. International Journal of Cyber Society and Education, 7(2), 125-146. doi:10.7903/ijcse.1156
Assumptions: Assuming
Facebook filtering has some effect on thinking processes - also, am not looking at the
assuming a causation based on a correlation study.
Research Question: How do
Singaporeans view the paradox of general welfare and personal freedom? How has their views changed over the past decade?
Problem Statement
There is a problem with the roles of general welfare and personal freedom in Singapore. Older generations champion overall safety, easily willing to forego certain rights in order to maintain it. However, despite the government’s tight grip on Singapore and its reinforcement of these ideals, dissent and waves of discontent are becoming more prominent. Some famous examples include Amos Yee and the 2004 Cyber
country view the battle of personal freedom and general welfare? How will its government adjust to suit changing views? A possible cause of this problem is the government’s tight control over
political and legal systems are blatantly obvious, and with an educated, informed public, many question why the PAP puts so little trust in its
political situation.
Definitions
Singapore Democratic Party: Opposition to the PAP Singapore’s Internal Security Act: allows for indefinite detention without trial Laws of Sedition: outlaws defamation and criticizing religion
Assumptions/Hypotheses
I predict there will be an obvious disconnect between how the younger generations views the lack of free expression in Singapore vs. how the older generation views this same issue. I believe this is because of the different experiences the two demographics have experienced.
Significance/Importance: I’m drawn to this topic because of its unique nature and relevance it has to my life. One of the few first world
countries that restricts the voice of its citizens, Singapore has successfully supported its views in the pass due to the citizen’s quest for safety and stability. Now, however, with the access to the internet, Singaporeans can easily see that safety and free speech are not mutually exclusive. This is discussed in the peer-reviewed article James Gomez’s International NGO's: Filling the Gap in Singapore's Civil Society. Here, the author claims that this has spurred development, growth, frequency, and reach of these NGOs, thereby increasing local awareness of freedom concerns in Singapore. Furthermore, the author recommends that a local media initiative needs to be implemented to further bring these concerns to light. Will this increased knowledge and change
Proposed Methods of Inquiry
I will be conducting a demographic survey between two age groups: Under 25s and over
personal views on personal freedom and its role in Singapore. Specifically, what are their views on the subject, and what they believe the general trend in Singapore is. I will also be asking their thoughts on current examples
Attacks. I also hope to interview professors such as James Gomez and Jaclyn Ling-Chien.
Sources
Gomez, James. "International NGO's: Filling the Gap in Singapore's Society." JSTOR. SOJOURN, 2005. Web. Kuhn, Anthony. "In Singapore, The Voices Of Dissent Grow Louder." NPR. 24 Sept. 2012. Web. 02
Lydgate, Chris. "Lee's Law: How Singapore Crushes Dissent." The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies. Scribe Publications, 2003. Web.
Problem Statement
There is a problem with the disparity between the college admission rates between UWC and
similar academic achievements, more UWC students are getting into higher ranked colleges than SAS students. This problem has negatively impacted SAS’s reputation and its students’ chances of being admitted in top
be found in these schools differences: their systems, their goals, and their overall focus for the students to achieve by the time they
possible causes of this disparity by comparing the two schools with what colleges value, to then propose a solution will remedy the situation.
Research Question
What role does the academic and co-curricular structure, of an international school in Singapore, play in their student acceptance rate into low-acceptance rate undergraduate schools in the United States?
Definitions
IB - International Baccalaureate, AP - Advanced Placement, UWC - United World Colleges, SAS - Singapore American School, CAS - Creative, Action, Sercive
Assumptions/ Hypotheses
I believe that out of the two schools, UWC, representing the European System, is a more successful educational environment in terms of college admission. This is due to their heavy involvement in service, their known reputation among admission workers, and their active but required participation in world issues
Significance/Importance
I am currently living in Singapore and attending an American System school. I am also a senior, meaning that college has a main role my life. Thus this topic is significance to me because it involves all of these criteria: In singapore, International Schools (differing in systems). Finding out which system provides the best opportunities is important for me because I would like to help the future educational systems to improve and have the most beneficial impact on the future students.
Proposed Method of Inquiry
Sources Used
I will be using a series of interviews from both school directors, and college admin workers. I will be also using the school websites for their college admission data. This sources are first hand sources. I will also be using other professor’s perspectives on college admissions that they have shared online via credible websites such as JSTOR or EBSCO or Official College websites.
Analysing the impact of Bti spraying on the Abundance and Diversity of Mosquito Species in the Singapore American School Forest
Definitions
1) Biocontrol - short for biological control - the control of a pest by the introduction of a natural enemy or predator. 2) Bti - Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis - a group of bacteria used as biological control agents for larvae stages of certain dipterans (winged insects) 3) Chikungunya - a viral disease resembling dengue, transmitted by mosquitoes and endemic in East Africa and parts of Asia 4) Aedes albopictus - Aedes albopictus, from the mosquito family, also known as tiger mosquito or 'forest mosquito', is a mosquito native to the tropical and subtropical areas of Southeast Asia 5) Aedes aegypti - The yellow fever mosquito is a mosquito that can spread dengue fever, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses, and other
markings on its legs and a marking in the form of a lyre on the thorax. 6) Vector control - Vector control is any method to limit or eradicate the mammals, birds, insects or
The most frequent type of vector control is mosquito control using a variety of strategies.
Proposed Method of Inquiry
The proposed method of inquiry for this project is an experimental design. I will be working directly within the Singapore American School forest patch to identify the abundance and diversity of mosquito species located there both before and after multiple rounds of spraying bti (bacillus thuringiensis israelensis), a biological (non-chemical) mosquito repellent, throughout the forest. The pre- monitoring stages for the experiment will take place from late October to mid-November, after which two spraying regimes will take place, each
dates for post-monitoring data collection until mid-December.
Hypothesis/Assumptions
My hypothesis for the first part of the experiment, regarding the identification of mosquito species in the SAS forest, is that the most prominent mosquito species found would probably be of the Aedes and Anopheles genera. In terms of the second part of the experiment, my hypothesis is that bti, despite being a biological mosquito repellent (without harmful chemicals or insecticides), will still drive down the species diversity and abundance of the mosquitoes studied, with a particularly strong impact on the aforementioned Aedes mosquitoes. One assumption that I have to make is the fact that the mosquitoes caught in the traps and analyzed are a representative sample of those in the entire forest, since it is uncontrollable as to which mosquitoes will be caught by such traps.
Research Question
To what extent does Bti, a non-chemical mosquito repellent, impact the species diversity and abundance of mosquitoes, as measured by unique NEA Environmental Health Institute traps, within the SAS forest? I will be focusing on two primary areas: identifying the species diversity and abundance of mosquitoes, and analysing the impact of Bti spraying on these factors.
Significance
This inquiry is important due to the fact that it looks into finding a non-chemical, non-invasive, and more sustainable method of mosquito control by collecting data with a type of trap system that has never been tested on for such purposes before. It also analyzes potential solutions through a concrete experimental design that is already planned for - with pre-monitoring and post-monitoring stages from October until December. Finally, this study is important in performing a service to the school community; currently, students and teachers alike form a negative opinion of the school forest due to the mosquito problem, so if a solution to mosquito control within our community can be found, this stigma can also be corrected. Sources Used
1) Dickens J, Bohbot J, Sparks J. Multiple chemosensory targets for discovery of novel chemicals for disruption of mosquito behavior. Agricultural Research Service [Internet]. 2015 Jan 1 [cited 2015 Sep 18]. Available from: http://www.ars.usda. gov/research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=309126 2) Hoel DF, Dunford JC, Kline DL, Irish SR, Weber M, Richardson AG, Doud CW, Wirtz
Disease Control and Prevention Light Traps on the Florida Gulf Coast. BioOne [Internet]. [cited 2015 Sep 21]. Available from: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10. 2987/8756-971x-31.3.248 3) Peeling RW, Artsob H. Evaluation of diagnostic tests: dengue. Nature.com [Internet]. [cited 2015 Sep 18]. Available from: http://www.nature. com/nrmicro/journal/v8/n12_supp/full/ nrmicro2459.html
Sunita Srivatsan
AP Capstone A4/C2 - Ms. Began - Oct. 16th Problem Statement
There is a problem in the lack of an environmentally sustainable method of identifying and controlling mosquito species and populations within the SAS forest (and other such locations locally and globally). Currently, despite the common usage of pesticides/insecticides and temporary mosquito repellents such as Carbon Dioxide to control mosquito populations (as seen in the Hoel, Dunford, Kline study that tested some of these existing repellents), mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases are still common (as seen in the study on dengue conducted by Peeling and Artsob). Since the repellent substances that are used are often laden with chemicals, they could pose threats to other insect species and negatively impact food webs within forests. More specifically regarding the SAS forest, the lack of a solution negatively impacts the school community, whose experiences with the forest have been disturbed by the excessive mosquito presence. A possible cause of this problem is the will to keep the rainforest chemical-free, which ensures that no insecticides can be applied to reduce mosquito numbers. Perhaps a study which investigates the effectiveness
specially designed and unique EHI traps) could remedy this situation.