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An outlook into a applications of footprint methodologies
Manfred Lenzen Manfred Lenzen ISA, The University of Sydney Australia
An outlook into a applications of footprint methodologies Manfred - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
An outlook into a applications of footprint methodologies Manfred - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
An outlook into a applications of footprint methodologies Manfred Lenzen Manfred Lenzen ISA, The University of Sydney Australia Supply-chain analysis Two examples in detail Overview & outlook Example 1: Threatened species Origins and
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Supply-chain analysis
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Two examples in detail Overview & outlook
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Example 1: Threatened species
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Origins and Destinations
- f Australia’s species threats
both “driven” overseas and “suffered” at home
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Origins and Destinations
- f global species threats
both “driven” overseas and “suffered” at home
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High Impact Production Chains
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High Impact Production Chains
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Spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) Mexico and central America
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High Impact Production Chains
Round Whipray (Himantura pastinacoides)
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Brown Cheeked Hornbill Bycanistes cylindricus
Ivory Coast
Johnston’s Genet Genetta johnstoni Jentink’s Duiker Cephalophus jentinkii
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Consumers: What To Do ?
- Know your labels and try to shop better
- Recognise greenwash
- Change procurement practices at work
- Be country-aware and check origins
- Investigate production chains
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Example 2: Carbon footprint of the UK
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Supply-chain analysis
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Trend analysis
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Uncertainty analysis
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What other applications are possible ? possible ?
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- 1. More indicators.
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Carbon, land, water Nitrogen, air pollutants, phosphorus, NPP, water scarcity phosphorus, NPP, water scarcity Value added Employment, inequality, slavery, war casualties, occupational health
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Trade in value added
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Employment – global flows of labour
Source: Alsamawi
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Employment – the master-servant story
Source: Alsamawi
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Inequality
Source: Alsamawi
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Conflict
Source: Moran & McBain
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- 2. High geographical resolution.
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The Sydney Environmental Atlas
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Sydney: Transport energy
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Sydney: Embodied energy
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Sydney: Income structure
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Energy requirement vs Income
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The Sydney energy catchment
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What might the future hold ?
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- 3. Collaborative = efficient
Footprinting in virtual laboratories
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LCA EE-IOA CGE
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LCA EE-IOA CGE
- Footprints
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64gbRAM cloud, 500gbRAM crunch
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5tb storage
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- 4. Aligned standards:
- 4. Aligned standards:
GHG Protocol & PAS 2050
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“Often, the majority
- f total corporate emissions
come from scope 3 sources, which means many companies have been missing out
- n significant opportunities
for improvement.”
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GRI
- n boundary setting and validation:
… “The Validation step requires all identified material Aspects to be assessed against the Reporting Principle of ‘Completeness’ ”…
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British Standards Institute (BSI) in its Publicly Available Specification (PAS) 2050:
… “a GHG-emitting source in the life cycle of a product shall be included in the assessment of GHG emissions if it makes a ‘material GHG emissions if it makes a ‘material contribution’ of more than 1% of the total anticipated life-cycle footprint. In addition, PAS 2050 requires that ‘at least 95% of the anticipated life-cycle GHG emissions of the functional unit’ must be captured in the assessment” …
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FUNCTIONAL
Company
FUNCTIONAL UNIT
?
Company
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- M L E T S B M L E T S B M L E T S B M L E T S B M L E T S B M L E T S B
Supplier level:
∞
. . . . 2
Organisation
Mining Legal Steel Trans. Banking Elect.
1 On-site
Boundary Upstream Downstream
Product 2 Product 1 Consumer Industry
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Trucost & Defra
“… there is still a lack of quantification in most reporting … the majority of reports lack depth, reporting … the majority of reports lack depth, rigour or quantification ... There is no single, quantifiable measure that companies can use as a Key Performance Indicator for the effect
- f their upstream supply chain on the
environment.
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University of Sydney – Carnegie-Mellon study
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University of Sydney – Carnegie-Mellon study
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What are the risks associated with associated with mis-specification?
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No meaningful industry benchmarking
Water service provider A Pumping Catchment Water service provider B Pumping Catchment C D
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Loopholes via demerging and outsourcing
A
GHG emissions
A 1
Dairy farming Transport Dairy processing
98% <0.1% 2%
Dairy farming Transport Dairy processing
A 2
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No inventive for improving supplier performance
- Alum. / HDPE
X
Bio-plastic
Y
Dairy processing
B
- Alum. / HDPE
Packaging Bio-plastic Packaging Dairy processing
B
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Investors and lenders can’t see hidden risks
Carbon footprint
Carbon footprint
Construction Pty C
On-site carbon
from materials Water supplier Pty D On-site carbon
from materials
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Carbon offsetting – are organisations really neutral?
- Flights. Waste.
Flights, waste, office equipment, catering, XYZ Finance C On-site emissions
- Flights. Waste.
ABC Insurance D On-site emissions equipment, catering,
- utsourcing, new building
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There is a reputational risk
“Tesco‘s recent attempt to present itself as a force for environmental good appears to be backfiring, as evidence emerges that Britain’s backfiring, as evidence emerges that Britain’s biggest retailer has severely underestimated its true contribution to climate change ... the true impact Tesco has on the environment could be as much as 12 times higher than the level the supermarket admits to.”
The Observer, 9 September 2007
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- 5. Corporate accounting support.
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Product carbon labelling
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- 6. Stronger global governance
institutions. institutions.
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Li Gao, Director of the Department of Climate Change in China's National Development and Reform Commission
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''We produce products and these products are consumed by
- ther
countries, especially the developed countries. This share of emissions should be taken by the consumers but not the producers''
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