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THIS PRESENTATION WAS SHARED BY Mr. Shailesh Ranjan Head – Business Planning & Operations, Asahi India Glass, Navi Mumbai FOR THE SESSION: “Embodied Energy and the Life Cycle Approach” DURING ANGAN 2019 www.aisglass.com
Embodied Energy and the Life Cycle Approach Glass – Univ iversal, transparent and sustain inable Augmenting Nature by Green Affordable New-Habitat (ANGAN) Asahi India Glass Limited
Preferred build ildin ing material l • Low cost • Ease of off-site production (of curtainwalls especially) • Single-trade, light weight and fast envelope construction • More available carpet area • Relative durability of glass, • Transparency • Indefinite recycling www.aisglass.com
Key details ls • Composition - Sand (59%), soda ash (19%), dolomite (15%), limestone (5%) and feldspar (2%) • Recycled glass content - 15% • Total energy consumption in the Indian glass industry - 1.17 million metric tons of oil equivalent • Average energy cost as a percentage of manufacturing cost - 40% • Melting and refining (Energy use share) 60-70% • Energy Use - 80% Thermal energy India Construction Materials Database of Embodied Energy and Global Warming Potential - METHODOLOGY REPORT - NOVEMBER 30, 2017 www.aisglass.com
Univ iversalis ism In application YES In selection and design NO www.aisglass.com
Clim limate Analysis is Offic Of fice Bui Build ldin ing g in n Ban Bangalo lore Climatic condition of the location is important to select type of glazing as different weather conditions have different impact on glass. Cooling Cooling Savings Savings Extra Calcu culations Total Cost of Cost of design Load Units Cost Saving (Kwh)/ (Rs.) / Paid for (KWh) Electricity Glass (Kwh) In TR Yr Yr Glass base case 4219716 2137500 Glass with SF of 37 & clear Glass 7032860 2750000 3052 862 300tr*3 3 0 SGU U-Val – 5.7 was as Enhance 4346440 2137500 7244067 -211206 -1267237 5500000 2960 836 300tr*3 0.00 2750000 efficient as a glass with Pine SGU 0 0 SF of 25 & U-Val – 3.7. Enhance 4220965 2137500 7034942 -2082 -12491 5500000 2905 820 300tr*3 0.00 2750000 Reef SGU 3 0 The building design & the local weather Proposed 4059735 300tr*2 1900000 7099559 -66699 -400191 5750000 2800 790 2375000 3000000 Glass 4 + 200tr*1 0 conditions meant that Proposed Glass with 4392124 300tr*2 2018750 you can relax the glass 7320208 -287347 -1724085 5750000 2876 812 1187500 3000000 lighting 7 + 200tr*1 0 controls values and still be Proposed energy efficient. Glass 4584538 300tr*2 2018750 without 7640898 -608038 -3648227 4250000 2885 814 1187500 1500000 9 + 200tr*1 0 lighting controls www.aisglass.com 7
Ori rientation A commercial complex at Navi Mumbai with glazing on the Eastern and Southern façade showed that Clear Glass performed as good as “high - performing glasses” and the choice came down to aesthetics. Shadow An Analysis: Janu Ja nuary May May Righ ight t ori orientation red reduces es th the e dem emand for for high igh perf erformance e para rameters. www.aisglass.com
Sit ite Surroundin ings Shadow Analysis: Blue indicates the sun’s path in summer and Red indicates the sun’s path in winter. Pe Perspecti tive View Pl Plan an Sh Shadow Ana naly lysis is sug suggests s the op opti timum req requir irement of of Gla Glazin ing per performance para parameter to o be be use used. www.aisglass.com
In Inclin lined Facade Daylig Da light Ana Analy lysis: For a corporate building in Mumbai, daylight analysis was done for Clear Glass (VLT = 78%) and the high performance glass (VLT = 21%). Both the glasses performed identically in terms of achieving the optimal lux levels. Clear Glass, in fact, caused glare in certain portions of the building. VLT 78% VLT 21% Pin ink reg egion sho hows ar area whic hich will ill ha have glar glare and and Grey ind indicates s sub sub-optimal lig lighting In n 2nd 2nd cas ase, we e can an see see reduction in in glar glare ar area a with ithout reducing op optimum lux lux le level. • Daylight analysis is important as it prevents overdesigning of the building and at the same time optimizes VLT requirement. • In the case mentioned, we can use high performance glass which will reduce cooling load without compromising on lighting load www.aisglass.com
Activ ive De Design - Coo ooli ling Lo Loads Reduction El Elect ctrici city ty Type Savings Mon oney Cost 8.5 Annual Annual % (Rs.) (Rs) saving SGU Base case - 23091954. 8.1 ECBC 1 18365575. 4726378. Bronze Brook 20.5 2 9 18229707. 4862247. Bronze vision 21.1 1 0 17901711. 5190242. 7.6 Grey Radiance 22.5 5 6 ECBC Base ECB Sola olar con ontr trol Low E E glass 17345102. Case Gray Lite 5746851.8 24.9 5746851.8 2 Commercial bu Co building, , Ban Bangalor ore - El Electricity con onsumption on red educes by y 20 – 25%, %, if f sola olar con ontrol ol low-E E glass asses ar are use used. A hotel building in Gurgaon had avoided their demand of high performance glasses just by adding shading devices. Passive Design Correct shading reduces overall solar radiation intake in the building and also optimises light inside the building. www.aisglass.com 11
Embodie ied Energy Embodied Energy is the energy consumed by all the processes associated with the production of a product from the acquisition of natural resources to the product delivery. Operate and maintain Indian buildings are highly energy intensive with specific energy EMBODIED ENERGY consumption ranging from 280 kWh/m 2 to 400 kWh/m 2 , Assemble / Build depending upon the climatic conditions and/or the type of buildings. Transport Materials The calculation of embodied energy and emissions has been calculated as follows: Embodied energy – Make materials Quantity of the material x Embodied energy coefficient CO2 Emissions (MT) – Gather natural resources Energy Consumption (kWh) x Emission Factor/1000 Emission Factor = 0.76 (kg/kWh) Indexing of Building Materials with Embodied, Operational Energy and Environmental Sustainability with Reference to Green Buildings. Ashok Kumar1, D. Buddhi2,* and D. S. Chauhan3 Reddy, B.V.V.; “Sustainable Building Technologies”, J. Current Science, Vol. 87(7), pp. 899 -907,2004. “Energy use in Commercial buildings”, Survey CBECS, 1995. www.aisglass.com
100 Embodied Energy 88.6 90 (MJ/kg) 80 70 56.7 60 50 40 25 30 20.1 15 15 20 12 10 6.5 3 3.5 10 1.8 1.11 0.67 0 Concrete Bricks Concrete AAC Steel Stainless Timber XPS Clay tile Plywood Gypsum Glass Ceramic Iron blcok block (avg. steel insulation plaster tiles recyle content) 7 Carbon Emissions 6.15 6 (kgCO2/kg) 5 4 2.55 3 1.91 2 1.37 0.85 1.07 0.72 0.74 0.45 1 0.3 0.24 0.159 0.12 0.073 0 Concrete Bricks Concrete AAC Steel Stainless Timber XPS Clay tile Plywood Gypsum Glass Ceramic Iron blcok block (avg. steel insulation plaster tiles recyle content) www.aisglass.com
Detailed Embodied Energy 0.024 (MJ/kg) 3.4 Minerals 6.7 Electricity Fuels Water & Waste 6.4 Detailed Global Warming Potential 0.0016 Results 0.29 Minerals 0.4 (kg CO 2 /kg) Electricity Fuels Water & Waste 0.56 www.aisglass.com
Case ase stu tudy Low embodied energy materials conserve 60000 512 Embodied Energy (MJ/kg) energy and 5000 405 50000 limit Green House Gases (GHG) emissions 13500 Aggregate 40000 thus, limiting the impact on the environment. 61% Glass (5mm DGU) 30000 Iron 512 20000 1620 Cement 2500 36004 2700 Bricks 10000 A sample building 14402 0 Location: Delhi Case 1 Case 2 Climate: Composite 14 Case 1: 0.11 12 Size: 3.0 m x 3.0 m x 3.0 m (L x W x H) 0.08 1.05 Carbon Emissions 10 Aggregate Opening – North window - 2.23 sq.m. 61% (kgCO2/kg) 2.85 Glass (5mm DGU) 8 Iron 6 0.11 Case 2: Cement 0.32 4 0.52 7.6 0.57 Size: 3.0 m x 3.0 m x 3.0 m (L x W x H) Bricks 2 3.04 WWR – 50% 0 Case 1 Case 2 www.aisglass.com
Environment Product De Declaration Life Cycle Assessment of Processed Glass Asahi India Glass Ltd. (AIS) LCA model was created using the GaBi 8 Software system for life cycle engineering, developed by Thinkstep AG. Quantification of environmental impacts for one square meter of Processed glass (Heat Tempered Glass, Laminated Glass, IGU Glass and Printed Glass) of 6 mm thickness manufactured at AIS over the cradle to gate system boundary’ as per ISO 14040/44 standard. Life Cycle stages Life Cycle sub-stages Materials Primary raw materials production Upstream Transport Ocean Rail and Road Transport Manufacturing Processed Glass Production by mixing of raw materials and disposal of waste generated. www.aisglass.com
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