[PPT] - AIRS Project Overview March 27, 2007 March 27, 2007 Thomas S. PowerPoint Presentation

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Project Overview March 27, 2007 March 27, 2007

Thomas S. Pagano Thomas S. Pagano AIRS Project Manager AIRS Project Manager Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

Agenda Agenda

  AIRS on Aqua

AIRS on Aqua

  AIRS Products

AIRS Products

  AIRS Accomplishments

AIRS Accomplishments

  AIRS Accuracy and Stability

AIRS Accuracy and Stability

  Questions for Team

Questions for Team

  Future Direction

Future Direction

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AQUA WAS LAUNCHED ON MAY 5, 2002 AQUA WAS LAUNCHED ON MAY 5, 2002

  Delta 2 Launch Vehicle

Delta 2 Launch Vehicle

  6 Strap On Boosters

6 Strap On Boosters

  Extended Fairing

Extended Fairing

  2:55 AM

2:55 AM

  Vandenburg

Vandenburg Air Force Air Force Base, California Base, California

  705.3 km Orbit

705.3 km Orbit

  Polar Sun

Polar Sun Synchronous Synchronous

  1:30 PM Equatorial

1:30 PM Equatorial Crossing Crossing

  Ascending Daytime

Ascending Daytime

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

5 Year Anniversary of the Launch of the 5 Year Anniversary of the Launch of the Aqua Spacecraft Aqua Spacecraft

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS/AMSU/HSB on Aqua AIRS/AMSU/HSB on Aqua

 Aqua

Spacecraft: At least 8 more years expected.

 AIRS Continues

Normal Operations

 AMSU in Normal

Operations

 HSB Non-

Operational since 2/2003

AIR S

THE AQUA SPACECRAFT

AMSU HSB

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS/AMSU DATA DISTRIBUTION CENTERS AIRS/AMSU DATA DISTRIBUTION CENTERS

Universities
Local Weather Stations
Brazil (INPE)
China
Korea
DoD
Other International

DIRECT BROADCAST

(Hazards/ Weather)

NOAA NESDIS (Weather/

Hazards)

Science

Community

Public
JPL

GSFC DAAC (Climate)

NWP Centers and JPL

http:// http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov daac.gsfc.nasa.gov

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Acquired AIRS Acquired Hyperspectral Hyperspectral IR Spectrum of the IR Spectrum of the Earth Atmosphere. Globally. Daily. Earth Atmosphere. Globally. Daily.

AIRS Channels for Tropical Atmosphere with T_surf = 301K

Mike Gunson (JPL)

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AIRS MONTHLY AVERAGE UPWELLING RADIANCE FOR APRIL, 2003. 2616 cm-1

C. Thompson

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Products Support Climate Studies AIRS Products Support Climate Studies

Atmospheric Temperature Atmospheric Water Vapor Ozone Cloud Properties Methane SO2 Dust CO CO2 Emissivity

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS/AMSU/HSB V5 Standard Products AIRS/AMSU/HSB V5 Standard Products

Val2 2%

Methane

Val2 15%

Carbon Monoxide

Val2 20%

Ozone Profile (250 mb – 70 mb)

Val3 5%

Total Ozone Column

TBD TBD 1.0 K Cloud Top Temperature TBD TBD 0.5 km Cloud Top Height TBD TBD 5% Fractional Cloud Cover Val3 5% 5% Total Precipitable Water Val3 15% / 2km 15% / 2 km Water Vapor Profile Val3 1K / km 1 K / km Temperature Profile Beta N/A 1.0 K Land Surface Temperature Val1 1.0K 0.5 K Sea Surface Temperature Val1 <1.0 K 1.0 K Cloud Cleared IR Radiance Standard Geophy Products (Level 2,3) Val1 N/A 1.0-1.2 K HSB Radiance Val1 1-2 K 0.25-1.2 K AMSU Radiance Val3 10-15% 20% AIRS VIS/NIR Radiance Val3 <0.2% 3%* AIRS IR Radiance Radiance Products (Level 1B)

Validation Status Current Estimate RMS

Requirement

Product

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Version 5.0 Enhancements AIRS Version 5.0 Enhancements

TRMS TBIAS

Lower Errors Near Surface
Reduced Bias in Mid Trop
Higher Yield in Troposphere
Improved Error Estimates

V5 Performance Enhancements

Yield

CO, O3, and CH4 Profiles
Aerosol and SO2 Flags
All Products Near Real Time
First Post-Launch L2 ATBD
Improved Testing

V5 Additional Enhancements

Susskind GSFC

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Improves Weather Forecasting and AIRS Improves Weather Forecasting and Climate Modeling Climate Modeling

Improved weather prediction

Improved weather prediction

11 Hours on the 6 Day Forecast (6 hours Operational

11 Hours on the 6 Day Forecast (6 hours Operational Today) Today)

GCM Process Validation (H2O, Clouds, Temperature)

GCM Process Validation (H2O, Clouds, Temperature)

Retrieve surface spectral

Retrieve surface spectral emissivity emissivity for data for data assimilation assimilation

Improved climate prediction

Improved climate prediction

Measure the primary Earth Science gases:

Measure the primary Earth Science gases: H H2

2O, CO

O, CO2

2, CH

, CH4

4, CO, O

, CO, O3

3

Improved Global Transport Studies

Improved Global Transport Studies

Determine role of water vapor and clouds on radiation

Determine role of water vapor and clouds on radiation balance balance

Data used to validate and provide parameterization for

Data used to validate and provide parameterization for climate models climate models

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS is Improving Global and Regional Weather AIRS is Improving Global and Regional Weather Forecasting Forecasting

Near Real Time Assimilation

6 Hrs on 6 Day Improvement on Operational NCEP Forecast

NCEP, ECMWF, and UKMet Operational Forecasts

Level 1B Radiances

GSFC/ DISC

3D Temperature and Water Vapor Profiles

Over 4 hPa Improvement in Regional Model Forecast

Regional Forecast Centers

Near Real Time Product Generation

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Peer-Reviewed Science Publications AIRS Peer-Reviewed Science Publications Publications Available as of 01/23/07; 133 Total Publications Available as of 01/23/07; 133 Total

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Improving Weather Forecasts AIRS Improving Weather Forecasts

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AIRS Data Assimilated in Operational AIRS Data Assimilated in Operational Forecast Forecast

AIRS data are being assimilated by

AIRS data are being assimilated by NOAA NOAA’ ’s s National Centers for National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and by Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and by the European Centre for Medium-Range the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and United Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and United Kingdom Met Office (UK Met Office). Kingdom Met Office (UK Met Office).

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AIRS Improves Forecast by 6 hours in 6 AIRS Improves Forecast by 6 hours in 6 days days

Assimilation of thinned (<1%) AIRS

Assimilation of thinned (<1%) AIRS spectra improve spectra improve

Le Marshall

Le Marshall et al. et al. 2006 and McNally 2006 and McNally et al. et al. 2006 2006

 

AIRS Improve Tropical Cyclone Position and Intensity Prediction AIRS Improve Tropical Cyclone Position and Intensity Prediction

Assimilation of AIRS retrieved temperature profiles into the Finite Volume Data

Assimilation of AIRS retrieved temperature profiles into the Finite Volume Data Assimilation System (FVDAS) improves the prediction of the intensity and Assimilation System (FVDAS) improves the prediction of the intensity and location of cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere (Atlas 2005). location of cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere (Atlas 2005).

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AIRS Studies Hurricane Formation AIRS Studies Hurricane Formation

Assimilation of the AIRS Level 2 products into the Fifth Generation NCAR/Penn

Assimilation of the AIRS Level 2 products into the Fifth Generation NCAR/Penn State State Mesoscale Mesoscale Model (MM5) shows that the Saharan Air Layer may have Model (MM5) shows that the Saharan Air Layer may have delayed the formation of Hurricane Isabel and inhibited the development of delayed the formation of Hurricane Isabel and inhibited the development of another tropical disturbance to the east (Wu another tropical disturbance to the east (Wu et al. et al. 2006). 2006).

500 mb Temperature (K)

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Improving and Validating Climate Models AIRS Improving and Validating Climate Models

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AIRS Validates Moisture in Weather Models AIRS Validates Moisture in Weather Models

AIRS/AMSU water vapor observations reveal

AIRS/AMSU water vapor observations reveal tropospheric tropospheric moisture perturbations that are much moisture perturbations that are much larger than those depicted in previous NCAR/NCEP larger than those depicted in previous NCAR/NCEP reanalysis and ECMWF analysis data sets, both of reanalysis and ECMWF analysis data sets, both of which have been widely used as observations to which have been widely used as observations to validate models. This suggests that the impact of validate models. This suggests that the impact of convection-induced downdrafts on the atmospheric convection-induced downdrafts on the atmospheric boundary layer is significantly underestimated in boundary layer is significantly underestimated in both ECMWF and NCEP reanalysis data sets (Fu et both ECMWF and NCEP reanalysis data sets (Fu et

al. 2006).
al. 2006).

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AIRS Validates Moisture in Climate Models AIRS Validates Moisture in Climate Models

Comparison of moisture fields of six major climate

Comparison of moisture fields of six major climate models with AIRS measurements establish that models with AIRS measurements establish that these models simulate conditions that are drier these models simulate conditions that are drier than the observations by 10%-25% in the tropics than the observations by 10%-25% in the tropics below 800 below 800 mb mb but more moist than the but more moist than the

bservations by 25%-100% between 300-600
bservations by 25%-100% between 300-600 mb

mb, , especially in the especially in the extratropics

extratropics. This affects the

. This affects the model-estimated range of climate warming model-estimated range of climate warming anticipated over the current century (Pierce et al. anticipated over the current century (Pierce et al. 2006). 2006).

 

AIRS Finds Correlation of SST and Greenhouse Effect AIRS Finds Correlation of SST and Greenhouse Effect

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the determination that the greenhouse effect appears to

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the determination that the greenhouse effect appears to increase with SST and that although the water vapor feedback is positive, it is not as positive increase with SST and that although the water vapor feedback is positive, it is not as positive as a constant relative humidity profile would produce (Gettelman et al. 2006a). as a constant relative humidity profile would produce (Gettelman et al. 2006a).

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AIRS Team examine Climate Feedbacks AIRS Team examine Climate Feedbacks

CERES and AIRS observations were used to test, for the first time, climate model

CERES and AIRS observations were used to test, for the first time, climate model representations of critical climate feedbacks in the tropical upper troposphere and the representations of critical climate feedbacks in the tropical upper troposphere and the coupling of the tropical upper troposphere to the surface (Gettelman et al. 2007 coupling of the tropical upper troposphere to the surface (Gettelman et al. 2007

500 mb Water Vapor (g/kg dry air)

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Climate Model Support (continued) AIRS Climate Model Support (continued)

 

AIRS shows errors in H AIRS shows errors in H2

2O model during MJO

O model during MJO

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the discovery of

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the discovery of significant differences in the lower- significant differences in the lower- troposphere moisture and temperature fields troposphere moisture and temperature fields during the spatial-temporal evolution of the during the spatial-temporal evolution of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). (Tian et al. Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). (Tian et al. 2006). 2006).

 

AIRS identifies transport processes AIRS identifies transport processes

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the finding that

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the finding that the transient convective events in the Asian the transient convective events in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone are associated summer monsoon anticyclone are associated with the vertical transport of low ozone and with the vertical transport of low ozone and high water vapor into the upper high water vapor into the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) region troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) region ( (Randel Randel and Park 2006). and Park 2006).

Cloud Fraction

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AIRS Shows Phasing of Thunderstorms and SST AIRS Shows Phasing of Thunderstorms and SST

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the finding that the onset of the severe

AIRS/AMSU data have led to the finding that the onset of the severe thunderstorm activity lags the top-of-the atmosphere (TOA) incident solar flux thunderstorm activity lags the top-of-the atmosphere (TOA) incident solar flux by about two months, while the sea surface temperature lags by about three by about two months, while the sea surface temperature lags by about three months (Aumann et al. 2007). months (Aumann et al. 2007).

 

AIRS Retrieves Cirrus AIRS Retrieves Cirrus

AIRS data enable the accurate retrieval of opacity due to small-particle-

AIRS data enable the accurate retrieval of opacity due to small-particle- dominated cirrus clouds over the globe (Kahn et al. 2005). The AIRS radiance dominated cirrus clouds over the globe (Kahn et al. 2005). The AIRS radiance product spectral resolution allows detection of minima in the atmospheric product spectral resolution allows detection of minima in the atmospheric window brightness temperatures between 800 cm-1 and 850 cm-1 that window brightness temperatures between 800 cm-1 and 850 cm-1 that modeling show to result from ice particles smaller than 3 modeling show to result from ice particles smaller than 3 µ µm. m.

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS 3D Ozone Profile Allows Viewing Stratospheric AIRS 3D Ozone Profile Allows Viewing Stratospheric Tropospheric Tropospheric Exchange as well as global transport Exchange as well as global transport

  Ozone

Ozone

AIRS/AMSU data map the

AIRS/AMSU data map the global distribution of O3 for global distribution of O3 for all seasons of the year. all seasons of the year.

AIRS average total column

AIRS average total column O3 matches to within 5% of O3 matches to within 5% of that observed by Total that observed by Total Ozone Mapping Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Spectrometer (TOMS)

AIRS observes Stratospheric

AIRS observes Stratospheric Tropospheric Tropospheric Exchange Exchange (Pan, 2006) (Pan, 2006)

AIRS Observes Global

AIRS Observes Global Transport Transport

Total Column Ozone (DU) AIRS Ozone Profile

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Carbon Monoxide and Methane AIRS Carbon Monoxide and Methane New in Version 5.0 New in Version 5.0

 

CO CO

AIRS/AMSU data have provided the most

AIRS/AMSU data have provided the most detailed, daily global observation of detailed, daily global observation of transport of mid- transport of mid-tropospheric tropospheric CO from CO from biomass burning emissions (McMillan et al. biomass burning emissions (McMillan et al. 2005). 2005).

AIRS CO retrievals have been found to

AIRS CO retrievals have been found to validate the plume rise mechanism in validate the plume rise mechanism in simulations of the transport of CO in the simulations of the transport of CO in the mid-troposphere ( mid-troposphere (Freitas Freitas et al. 2006). et al. 2006).

AIRS Observes Natural and Anthropogenic

AIRS Observes Natural and Anthropogenic sources of CO2 (McMillan 2006) sources of CO2 (McMillan 2006)

 

CH4 CH4

AIRS/AMSU data have provided the first

AIRS/AMSU data have provided the first

bserved seasonal variation of atmospheric
bserved seasonal variation of atmospheric

CH4 over the permafrost sub-arctic zone of CH4 over the permafrost sub-arctic zone of west Siberia, and identification of west Siberia, and identification of significant anthropogenic sources in the significant anthropogenic sources in the winter (Yu et al. 2005 and winter (Yu et al. 2005 and Gribanov Gribanov et al. et al. 2007). 2007).

Carbon Monoxide (DU)

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS SO AIRS SO2

2 and Aerosols Now

and Aerosols Now Flag in Version 5 L1B Flag in Version 5 L1B

 

SO2 SO2

Inclusion of AIRS SO2 information

Inclusion of AIRS SO2 information has been found to improve has been found to improve measurements of volcanic SO2 measurements of volcanic SO2 and ash loading in the and ash loading in the troposphere, thereby improving troposphere, thereby improving

ur understanding of volcanic
ur understanding of volcanic

cloud composition, structure and cloud composition, structure and evolution (Wright et al. 2005) evolution (Wright et al. 2005)

AIRS Data are used Operationally

AIRS Data are used Operationally by the Volcanic Ash Advisory by the Volcanic Ash Advisory Center in Washington DC (through Center in Washington DC (through NOAA) NOAA)

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Dust and Aerosols Dust and Aerosols

AIRS Measures IR Optical

AIRS Measures IR Optical Thickness, Particle Size and Thickness, Particle Size and Spectral Signature (Machado Spectral Signature (Machado 2006) 2006)

AIRS SO2 Signature Dust

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS V5 AIRS V5 Emissivity Emissivity Compares Well with Compares Well with ASTER and MODIS ASTER and MODIS

100x100 m ν = 1204 cm-1 50x50 km ν = 1095 cm-1

June-July-August 2000-2005 Cloud-Free Scenes One Month August 2005 Cloud-cleared ASTER AIRS One Month August August 2003 Cloud-Free Scenes MODIS

5x5 km ν = 1205 cm-1

Simon Hook, Mous Chahine, March 2007

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

Carbon Dioxide Mid Troposphere Research Products Carbon Dioxide Mid Troposphere Research Products Are Under Development Are Under Development

 

AIRS Retrieving CO2 by direct observation. AIRS Retrieving CO2 by direct observation. Validated using aircraft Validated using aircraft data(Chahine data(Chahine 2005, 2005,

et. al.)
et. al.)

 

AIRS/AMSU have provided the first maps of AIRS/AMSU have provided the first maps of CO2 in the tropical cloud-free upper CO2 in the tropical cloud-free upper troposphere ( troposphere (Chevallier Chevallier et al. 2005) and et al. 2005) and research has shown that direct retrievals research has shown that direct retrievals are capable of providing detailed daily are capable of providing detailed daily global maps of the mid- global maps of the mid-tropospheric tropospheric (500 (500 mb mb) CO2 distribution. ) CO2 distribution.

 

Significant differences have been found Significant differences have been found between simulated and AIRS/AMSU-derived between simulated and AIRS/AMSU-derived CO2 abundance outside of the tropics, CO2 abundance outside of the tropics, raising questions about the lower-to-upper raising questions about the lower-to-upper troposphere transport pathways in current troposphere transport pathways in current numerical models ( numerical models (Tiwari Tiwari et al. 2006). et al. 2006).

 

AIRS/AMSU CO2 data have been AIRS/AMSU CO2 data have been assimilated as a tracer in a full four- assimilated as a tracer in a full four- dimensional- dimensional-variational variational (4D-Var) ECMWF (4D-Var) ECMWF transport model ( transport model (Engelen Engelen and McNally and McNally 2005), treating CO2 on the same footing as 2005), treating CO2 on the same footing as water vapor, cloud variables, ozone, etc. water vapor, cloud variables, ozone, etc.

Carbon Dioxide (ppbv)

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Highlights at AMS AIRS Highlights at AMS

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Berrien Moore Co-Chair, NRC Decadal Survey Committee, Berrien Moore Co-Chair, NRC Decadal Survey Committee, at Decadal Survey Town Hall Meeting at Decadal Survey Town Hall Meeting

AIRS is a good example of how NASA and NOAA work together

AIRS is a good example of how NASA and NOAA work together to improve weather forecasts to improve weather forecasts

 

Mike Freilich, NASA Earth Science Director at NASA Town Mike Freilich, NASA Earth Science Director at NASA Town Hall Meeting Hall Meeting

AIRS has demonstrated

AIRS has demonstrated “ “significant significant” ” positive forecast impact positive forecast impact

 

Louis Uccellini, Director NCEP Louis Uccellini, Director NCEP

AIRS has had the most impact of any instrument assimilated

AIRS has had the most impact of any instrument assimilated to date and is highest priority for assimilation after installation to date and is highest priority for assimilation after installation

f new computer systems
f new computer systems

 

Tony Hollingsworth, ECMWF Tony Hollingsworth, ECMWF

Showed radiation fields improvement with assimilation of AIRS

Showed radiation fields improvement with assimilation of AIRS CO2 channels CO2 channels

 

Numerous posters and papers using AIRS data for climate Numerous posters and papers using AIRS data for climate and weather forecast impact and validation and weather forecast impact and validation

 

Exhibits by NASA and BAE Systems Exhibits by NASA and BAE Systems

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Experiment Paving the Way for Future AIRS Experiment Paving the Way for Future Planned Sounders Planned Sounders

 

Current IR Sounder Current IR Sounder

AIRS on Aqua

AIRS on Aqua

 

2002 Launch 2002 Launch

 

LEO LEO

 

3.7-15.4 mm 3.7-15.4 mm

 

13.5 km IFOV 13.5 km IFOV

 

Planned IR Sounders Planned IR Sounders

IASI on METOP

IASI on METOP

 

Launched October, 2006 Launched October, 2006

 

LEO LEO

 

3.6-15.4 mm 3.6-15.4 mm

 

12 km IFOV (25 km GSD) 12 km IFOV (25 km GSD)

CrIS

CrIS on NPP/NPOESS

n NPP/NPOESS

 

2010 1 2010 1st

st Launch

Launch

 

LEO LEO

 

3.9-15.4 mm 3.9-15.4 mm

 

14 km IFOV 14 km IFOV

HES on GOES-R

HES on GOES-R

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TBD Launch TBD Launch

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GEO GEO

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4.4 4.4 – – 15.4 mm 15.4 mm

 

4 km IFOV 4 km IFOV Aqua GOES-R METOP NPOESS

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

Preflight Accuracy Prediction and Preflight Accuracy Prediction and Measurement: 0.1K Measurement: 0.1K – – 0.2K 0.2K

Preflight Residuals < +/- 0.1K For most channels. Pre-flight Model Less than 0.2K Absolute Accuracy

AIRS Well Characterized Pre-launch

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Accuracy and Stability AIRS Accuracy and Stability Make it a Make it a “ “Climate Quality Sensor Climate Quality Sensor” ”

Scanning HIS Validates Rad Accy to 0.2K – H. Revercomb (UW) AIRS Radiometric Performance: Stable to <8mK/Y – H. Aumann (JPL)

(AIRSobs-AIRScalc)- (SHISobs-SHIScalc) (K)

Final “Comparison 2” (21 November 2002) Excluding channels strongly affected by atmosphere above ER2

Bias: Slope = 5mK/year

d

AIRS Accuracy and Stability Verified In Orbit using Ground Truth

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

ARIES Concept is Higher Spatial and Spectral ARIES Concept is Higher Spatial and Spectral Resolution AIRS Resolution AIRS

0.4 cm 0.4 cm-1

1

0.5 cm 0.5 cm-1

1

0.5 cm 0.5 cm-1

1

1.0 cm 1.0 cm-1

1

Δν Δν Δν Δν No. No. Chans Chans Spectral Range Spectral Range Band Band 674 674 650 - 880 cm 650 - 880 cm-1

1

LW2 LW2 637 637 880 - 1150 cm 880 - 1150 cm-1

1

LW1 LW1 1000 1000 1150 - 1650 cm 1150 - 1650 cm-1

1

MW2 MW2 787 787 2100 - 2950 cm 2100 - 2950 cm-1

1

MW1 MW1

Advanced Remote-sensing Infrared Emission Spectrometer ARIES

Characteristics:

1x1 km Horizontal Resolution
3.0 – 15.4 µm
Hyperspectral: Over 3000 Channels
Global Daily Coverage (±55° Swath)

Features

Higher Spectral Resolution
Resolves Boundary Layer
Improves Vertical Resolution
Higher Spatial Resolution
Improves Cloud Clearing
Gives Surface Spectral Emissivity
Allows 3D Transport Studies

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

Questions for Users of AIRS Data Questions for Users of AIRS Data

 

Climate Climate

What is the metric for climate model improvement? (.e.g.

What is the metric for climate model improvement? (.e.g. Weather uses correlation index) Weather uses correlation index)

Do the climate model parameters and AIRS products represent

Do the climate model parameters and AIRS products represent the same physical state? the same physical state?

What data sets are most important?

What data sets are most important?

 

Weather Weather

What is AIRS impact on the regional forecast?

What is AIRS impact on the regional forecast?

 

Science Science

As AIRS surface products improve, what new science is

As AIRS surface products improve, what new science is possible? possible?

What is the significance of your finding to the average person?

What is the significance of your finding to the average person? (For EPO) (For EPO)

 

Applications Applications

What can be done using AIRS data for applications?

What can be done using AIRS data for applications?

  E.g. airline industry, EPA, etc.

E.g. airline industry, EPA, etc.

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

AIRS Science Team AIRS Science Team

MIT MIT Staelin, D. Staelin, D. UMBC UMBC Strow, L. Strow, L. GSFC GSFC Susskind, J. Susskind, J. MIT MIT Rosenkrantz, P. Rosenkrantz, P. U of Wisconsin U of Wisconsin Revercomb, H Revercomb, H NOAA/NESDIS NOAA/NESDIS McMillin, L. McMillin, L. JCSDA JCSDA LeMarshall, J. LeMarshall, J. UMD UMD Kalnay, E. Kalnay, E. NOAA/NESDIS NOAA/NESDIS Goldberg, M Goldberg, M UCSB UCSB Gautier, C. Gautier, C. JPL JPL Aumann, H. Aumann, H. JPL JPL Chahine, M. (TL) Chahine, M. (TL) LARC LARC Mlynczak, M Mlynczak, M U of Wisconsin U of Wisconsin Tobin, D. Tobin, D. NCAR NCAR Milosevich, L.. Milosevich, L.. U of Wisconsin U of Wisconsin Knuteson, R. Knuteson, R. NOAA/NESDIS NOAA/NESDIS Barnet, C. Barnet, C. NOAA/NCEP NOAA/NCEP Lord, S. Lord, S. GSFC GSFC Atlas, R. Atlas, R. UMBC UMBC McMillan, W. McMillan, W. AER AER Icano, M. Icano, M. NCAR NCAR Barker, D. Barker, D. U of Oklahoma U of Oklahoma Brewster, K. Brewster, K.

Chedin, A. (Continuing) CNRS Rizzi, R. (Continuing) U of Bologna Calheiros, R. (Continuing) Brazil/HSB McNally, T. ECMWF Saunders, R. UKMO

International Partners

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National Aeronautics and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Pasadena, California

Summary Summary

  AIRS Products Very Useful

AIRS Products Very Useful

Improving Weather Forecasts

Improving Weather Forecasts

Improving Climate Modeling

Improving Climate Modeling

  AIRS Is a Climate Quality Sensor

AIRS Is a Climate Quality Sensor

  Version 5 Complete

Version 5 Complete

Improved Temperature Profiles

Improved Temperature Profiles

Improved Error Estimation

Improved Error Estimation

New Products: CO, CH4, SO2 and Aerosol Indicators

New Products: CO, CH4, SO2 and Aerosol Indicators

Extended Product Testing and Verification

Extended Product Testing and Verification

Validation Underway

Validation Underway

  Version 6 Planning Underway. Meeting

Version 6 Planning Underway. Meeting Wednesday Evening at 6:00 PM Wednesday Evening at 6:00 PM

  AIRS Paving the Way for Future Sounders