Advanced Technology For ILC Calorimeters Jean-Claude Brient LLR Director Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole polythecnique/CNRS-IN2P3 KEK Seminar December 12, 2017
Laboratory Leprince-Ringuet, at Ecole polytechnique , France is at the forefront of advanced technology for projects @ CERN, NASA, … In Japan for ILC and for neutrinos program (T2K, SK, and if HK) http://llr.in2p3.fr/ Director : brient@llr.in2p3.fr 2
Outline - Mechanical Department @LLR - Example of LLR France-Japan successful collaboration - ECAL design for the ILD project Then J.Nanni will presents you the instrumental aspects 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 3/31
Mechanical Department @LLR Ecole polytechnique 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 4/31
Mechanical Department @ LLR The mechanical department is composed of technicians and engineers divided into 2 groups : - Design and Project Management group - Workshop The department is in charge of the mechanical design, the construction, the transportation and the installation on-site of detectors and physics equipment ( prototypes or final detectors ) The main expertises are: - Computer-Aided Design (CAD) using CATIA software; - Mechanical simulations and Finite Elements Analysis (FEA) with ANSYS; - Advanced machining process : Numerically controlled machines, LLR machini ning ng workshop hop Water jet cutting machine, 3D printers… 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 5/31
Mechanical Department @ LLR Composite activities : design and fabrication of structural components Example : Example: development and delivery of the carbon fibre mechanical structure for the calorimeter of the FERMI satellite (SLAC-NASA). Design and FE Analysis for dimensioning the structure Integ egra ration o of cryst stals s (Cs CsI) into t the e stru ructure Polymerization phase dynamic tests in our autoclave before shipment to the Naval Research (125 °C for 3h @10 bars) Laboratory of Washington Mould design and fabrication in our clean room (ISO7) 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 6/31
Example of LLR – KYOTO University successful collaboration 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 7/31
FRANCE-JAPAN Col. - INGRID : INGRID detector @J-PARC (Interactive Neutrino GRID) used for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment INGRID consists in 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. Each module has a ND ND280 s 280 site sandwich structure of iron target INGRID ID C CAD AD m model l (from om LLR) plates and scintillator trackers. INGRI NGRID module ( (x16) Tracking scintillator planes (x 176) 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 8/31
FRANCE-JAPAN Col. - INGRID Dynam amic m modes es LLR implications were: - Global Design of the detector with FE analysis (dimensions, stress & deformation, reactions to earthquakes…) - Construction (subcontracted to a French company) Definition and supervise on of each assembly process - (Tracking planes, modules, on-site installation…) LLR team ssem embly p proces cess Asse ssembly @ @ Lin inac buildi ding (J (J-PAR ARC) 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 9/31
FRANCE-JAPAN Col. - INGRID Akihiro Minamino (Kyoto) It works !!! Good behaviour during the earthquake of March 2011 Typical neutrino interaction event candidate in one of the modules. A beam neutrino enters from the left. ( The size of the circles is proportional to the observed number of photon-electrons at scintillator bars, and black lines show the reconstructed tracks) 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 10/31
ECAL design for the ILD project 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 11/31
Some information about ILC calorimeter 1 2
Taking information from the DBD – ILD Relative cost 1 3
Reducing the radius will reduce the cost of the Yoke and the cost of ECAL and HCAL Compactness !!!!! ECAL multilayers (20 to 30) and 22 X0 For a thickness of 20 to 25 cm Specific Mechanical technology 1 4
Connection over ∼ 2m long of thin PCB ( ∼ 1.5 mm), keeping S/N>8 *, good signal quality, etc… For 100 Millions calorimeters channels. Advanced technology on high integration instrumentation * Mandatory for the DAQ 15
ILD - ECAL concept For the ECAL : the best approach to the analysis is to be able to individually recognize each particle of an event using the PFA approach Density, compactness and ultra granularity with a minimum of dead zones and cracks best choice: ECAL W / Si Endc dcap2 p2 HCAL Θ Y Z Φ X CAD Model Endc dcap1 p1 ECAL of ILD concept 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 16/31
ECAL definition ECAL Endcap2 ECAL barrel Sampling calorimeter as compact as possible (small Molière radius) ECAL Endcap1 Sampling according to the energy resolution needed for a total of 24 radiation lengths Concept : Current general dimensions : Half of the tungsten plates (absorbers) is L = 4.7 m R int = 1.8 m incorporated into a self-supporting alveolar Thickness = 0.2 m structure made of composite material Alveolar structure Fastening system (carbon/epoxy) to avoid machining step and reduce (rails) Cooling dead zones system Half of W plates supports (H-shaped structure) detection units, called detector slabs, which are then slid inside each alveolus, sensors are silicon diodes matrices with very fine segmentation of the readout (5x5 mm 2 ) Detector slab 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 17/31
ECAL - Physics Prototype (2002-2008) Structure 4.2 (3 × 1.4mm of W plates) This mechanical concept presents 3 major Structure 2.8 engineering challenges : (2 × 1.4mm of W plates) - Wrap W plates into carbon fibers sheets Structure 1.4 (1.4mm of W plates) - Obtain heavy structures (due to the weight of W) but light in terms of dead zones ? - Thin as much as possible carbon walls (ribs) between Y each alveoli for limiting dead material? X Active zone Detector slab (x30) ~10000 pixels in 0.01 m 3 Proof of concept with a first prototype, H-shaped 0,3 mm thick used also for physics structure detectio n validation layer W plates Impact of the 0,5 mm thick inactive zone Alveolar structure 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 18/31
ECAL - Detector Slab concept PCB SCSI connector Detector Slab : Shielding 1 H-shaped structure including W plate 2 PCB with 6 wafers glued with silver epoxy paste 1 Aluminium shielding (0,1 mm) Front End (ground + Electromagnetic noises protection) electronics zone Line buffers (To DAQ part differential) 2 calibration switches chips Silicon wafer 6 active wafers ( Cfi / W) structure type H shielding: 100 µm 12 FLC_PHY3 3300 µm PCB: 2100 µm front-end chip gap: 445 µm (18 channels per chip ) glue: 110 µm wafer: 525 µm Cross section ground foil: 30 µm 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 19/31
Physics Prototype – Testbeams Since 2005 several rounds of testbeams have been conducted at DESY, CERN, FNAL for development studies, technical runs and physics @ FNAL, 2008 @ CERN, 2006-2007 @ DESY, 2005-2006 Tail Catcher Tail Catcher Scint.tile HCAL Scint.tile HCAL Muon Tracker Muon Tracker W/Si ECAL W/Si ECAL W/Si ECAL ECAL + AHCAL + TCMT ECAL + AHCAL + TCMT ECAL (W/Si) alone combined combined ECAL testbeam with ECAL testbeam with technical & physics run electrons/piond electrons/pions with electrons @ higher energy @ higher energy @ 1-6 GeV AHCAL technical & physics run AHCAL technical & physics run with electrons/pions with electrons/pions 20/31 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar
Example : excellent shower separation @ DESY, 2005 Electron shower @ 3 GeV (configuration 0°) W/Si ECAL W/Si ECAL 2 separated electron showers @ 3 GeV (configuration 30°) 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 21/31
Example : Combined results @ FNAL, 2008 Scint.tile HCAL Tail Catcher W/Si ECAL Muon Tracker 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 22/31
ECAL – ILD prototype Next step after the physics prototype which validated the main concepts : alveolar structure, slabs, gluing of wafers, integration… Now: study and validation of most of the technological solutions which could be used for the final detector (moulding process, cooling system, sizes of structures,…) Based on barrel module : taking into account real shape, dimensions and industrialization aspects of the process Finest cost estimation of one module • 3 structures : 24 X 0 • 1 structure : ~ 23 X 0 (W plates : 10×1,4mm + 10×2,8mm + 10×4,2mm) (W plates: 20×2,1mm + 9×4,2mm) • sizes : 380×380×200 mm3 • sizes : 1510×545×205 mm3 • VFE outside detector • VFE inside detector • Number of channels : 9720 (pixel size :10×10 mm 2 ) • Nb of channels : ~37890 (5.5×5.5 mm 2 ) • Weight : ~ 200 Kg • Weight : ~ 700 Kg 17/12/12 Jean-Claude Brient – KEK Seminar 23/31
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