ADLT 101 Introduction to Adult Education Session 1 – Providers and Targets of Adult Education (2) Lecturer: Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney Contact Information: kbiney@ug.edu.gh/ikkbiney@yahoo.co.uk College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2014/2015 – 2016/2017
Session Overview Goals and Objectives At the end of the session, the student will • State the forms the provisions took • Discuss the provisions made by Christian churches in Ghana • Describe the role of voluntary associations in providing adult education • Describe the role of voluntary associations in providing adult education Slide 2 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Session Outline • Introduction • Agencies that provide Adult Education as an Allied Function • Agencies that provide Adult Education as a Subordinate Function • Conclusion • References Slide 3 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Reading List This week, complete the following tasks: • Log onto the UG Sakai LMS course site: http://sakai.ug.edu.gh/XXXXXXXXX • Watch the Videos for Session 5 – Providers and target groups of Adult Education • Review Lecture Slides: Session 5 – Providers and target groups of Adult Education • Read Chapter 3 of Recommended Text – Nafukho, F., Amutabi, M. & Otunga, R. (2005). African Perspective Of Adult Learning - Foundations Of Adult Education In Africa . Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education. Pages 2 – 9. Indabawa, S. & Mpofu, S. (2006). African Perspective of Adult Learning – The Social Context of Adult Learning in Africa . Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education. Pages 4 – 7. • Visit the Chat Room and discuss the Forum question for Session 5 • Complete the Individual Assignment for Session 5 Slide 4 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Introduction • Schroeder (1970) provided classification of adult education agencies made up of four groups of providers. • Type III and Type IV Agencies include the allied and subordinate agencies of adult education providers. • Allied agencies provide group and community services. • The section will explain the educational roles of libraries, museums, trade and agricultural fairs. • The session further considers the subordinate roles of agencies offering adult education. Slide 5 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Providers of Adult Education as an Allied Function Health and Welfare Agencies • Health and Welfare agencies carry out adult education activities even though they were not established as adult education agencies. • They use adult education as a means to achieve their goals. Examples are non-governmental Organisations and Voluntary agencies. • Allied agencies provide adult education at three levels - Individual, Group and Community services. Slide 6 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney , SCDE
Individual Services i. Counselling and Guidance • Many individuals benefit from counselling and guidance services. • They range from vocational, social (including marriage), emotional, religious, health and recreational services. • Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana and Christian Council of Ghana provide counselling services on marriage. • The Dansoman Keep-Fit Club do so on health and recreational services. Slide 7 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Group Services • These are individuals who find themselves in similar situations and use the group to provide services to their clubs/friendship groups. • Alcohol anonymous and HIV positives whose first interest is to be together are examples here. • Friend’s Club in Accra whose membership is made up of individuals suffering from drug-addicts is another example. • The Ghana Diabetic Association and the Ghana Federation of Physically Challenged People are other examples. • They are taught positive living so as not to increase their relapse which will worsen their health problems. Slide 8 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Community Services • They include leadership training of political activities, assembly men and women. • Community development in which resources/efforts combined with those of government is to bring improvement in terms of economic, social, health and cultural conditions in the community. • Outreach programmes by professionals such as doctors, nurses, architects, engineers are also carried out in the communities. • Issues related to health and welfare to reduce certain ailments, and also prevent floods, are taught to community members. Slide 9 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Activities Undertaken by Adult Education Agencies • Allied adult education activities are mainly to address dependency, ill health, maladjustment and recreational needs. • Learning activities are planned with specific target groups in mind depending on their needs, welfare and interests. • Issues on health and disease prevention are tackled. • The education imparts information and motivates people to promote their own and their families’ welfare. • Preventive measures, recognition of danger signs and work together for common good is promoted. Slide 10 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Agencies Providing Adult Education as an Allied Function A number of agencies provide adult education opportunities for adults learning. They include: • Libraries • Museums • Exhibitions • Trade fairs and agricultural shows Slide 11 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Adult Learners Engaged in Learning Computing Slide 12 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Libraries • Libraries have long been associated with adult learning. • Public libraries were promoted as an educational force. • Books, magazines, journals and e- books through the use of internet and computer facilities are made available. • They were promoted as places for “self -development in an atmosphere of freedom” (Allred cited in Kwapong & Aggor, 2012: 79) . • Libraries enable adults to participate in the learning society (Chobot cited in Kwapong & Aggor, 2012). Slide 13 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Museums • Museums are places where relic relics and antiquities are kept for present and future generations. • Museums are providers of both recreational and serious adult education programmes. • The talks by docents i.e. tour guides and public talks they give are examples of their adult education activities. • Museums exhibit relics of the past. • To Omolewa (cited in Kwapong & Aggor, 2012) exhibitions are as old as adult education. • They are a good means for disseminating knowledge. • Adults enjoy an enrichment of living and a broadening of horizons (Proctor cited in Kwapong & Aggor, 2012). Slide 14 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Trade Fairs • Trade fairs are organised by Ministry of Trade and Industry because it has commerce as their central purpose, yet it has educational attributes. • The most widely known fair in Ghana is the Ghana International Trade Fair first held in 1967. • The main goal of trade fair is to make participants aware of the quality and source of particular products. • They bring those in the same trade together to exchange ideas that could to an improvement in their in their various endeavours. • For example, a fair in Accra will display Kente from Ashanti and Volta Regions, smock (fugu or batakari) from Upper East, Upper West and Northern Region. Slide 15 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Agricultural Shows • Agricultural shows are organised by the Ministry of Agriculture. • They are used to publicise products. • They provide adult learners the opportunity to discuss various and demonstrate agricultural techniques improved methods of farming . • The fair is also used to attract farmers to be taught improved approaches to the cultivation of crops and keeping animals better. • The face-to-face discussions that take place could be an opportunity for illiterate farmers to learn from extension agents. Slide 16 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Providers of Adult Education as a Subordinate Function Agencies that provide adult education as a subordinate function include: • Religious bodies, and • Government departments. Slide 17 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Religious Bodies and Government Agencies • Churches preach the gospel, but they also provide other educational activities, for their members. • Government agencies use education to achieve their goals and purposes. • An instance is the work of extension officers. • They provide agricultural education to farmers. • The health workers educate pregnant women at ante-natal and post-natal clinics. • The police educate the public on crime prevention. • The examples cited above are what we describe as ‘educated community’ . Slide 18 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
Conclusion • The providers of adult education programmes and activities continue to offer critical educational services to adults population in whatever setting they find themselves. • They can achieve the needed result only if the adult population engaged in varied and diverse endeavours, actively patronise and willingly participate, in their programmes. Slide 19 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
References Kwapong, O. A. T.F. & Aggor, R. A. (2012). Introduction to adult education . Accra: ICDE. Nafukho, F., Amutabi, M. &Otunga, R. (2005). Foundations of adult education in Africa. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education. Slide 20 Dr. Isaac Kofi Biney, SCDE
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