a taxonomy of clouds IFLA Puerto Rico for libraries 16 August - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Winds of Change: a taxonomy of clouds for libraries

Jay Jordan

President and CEO OCLC

Matt Goldner

Product & Technology Advocate OCLC

IFLA Puerto Rico

16 August 2011

IFLA President 2009–2011

Ellen R. Tise

Senior Director Library and Information Services Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch, South Africa

Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC FELLOWS 2011

Cloud Computing and Libraries

Almost all of us use cloud computing

Shifting to the cloud

• Businesses are moving to the cloud
• Success stories
• Some questions still
• A great deal of debate about what is cloud computing
• Consider libraries and the cloud
• How they can benefit from it
• What to consider before moving

What is cloud computing

A style of computing in which scalable and elastic IT- enabled capabilities are delivered as a service to external customers using Internet technologies. – Gartner Group

Infrastructure Platform Applications Services KPMG

How is cloud computing different

• PC world
• Monolithic proprietary operating systems (OS) and

programs

• Long development cycles
• Software design isolated to single application
• Cloud world
• Hardware and functionality on the network
• Cloud becomes development platform and OS
• Reusable constantly updated software components
• Can be embedded or loosely coupled

Not new for libraries

• Large union catalogs
• Online databases
• But a look outside libraries is warranted

Why businesses adopt cloud computing

70% 30%

INFRASTRUCTURE INITIATIVE

Before cloud computing… After cloud computing

Minnesota Online High School (MNOHS)

• Distributed software
• Many different computers
• Send CDs or Guide students through downloads
• Cloud based software
• Student work not on local PC
• All applications and data in the cloud
• Laptop lost, student work isn’t
• Result
• Shifted energy from technology to education

What can cloud computing do for libraries?

• Amplify the power of cooperation
• Build significant unified Web presence
• Save time and money on technology
• Create efficient workflows

Areas to improve

• Most library systems are pre-Web technology
• Costly and difficult to integrate
• Store and maintain same data thousands of times
• Scattered data weakens Web presence
• Collaboration is difficult and expensive
• Information seekers are in common Web

environments

• Distributed computing power is under utilized

Group to three areas of improvement

• Technology
• Data
• Community

Technology – Why it matters

• Cloud computing solutions
• Built on current technology
• Architected to allow technology shifts
• Library systems
• Developed pre-Internet / Web
• Proprietary and closed
• Costly to integrate to new technologies
• Hard to integrate to external systems

Technology – What can change

• Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
• Published Application Program Interfaces (API)
• Any programmer can work integrate/extend software
• Libraries not dependent on vendor for everything

Andrew Pace – ― … demands fall short by merely asking that local systems avail themselves of other Web services rather than establishing themselves as services in their own right.‖

Technology – What can change

• Shift focus from technology to:
• Collection building
• Patron services
• Innovation
• No longer maintain servers and software stack
• Use technical skills to extending services

Data efficiencies

• Creation, storage, maintenance and backup
• Easily shared
• Common data opened to everyone
• Some Private data shared by agreement
• Libraries can achieve Web scale
• Massively aggregate data +
• Useful services built on the data, can attract
• Massively aggregated users
• Data now considered more useful to search engines

Community power

• Create an online information network
• Internal collaboration in a single library system
• Internal collaboration between library systems
• External community of information seekers
• The ―Network‖ effect
• Creates scale of savings and efficiencies
• Wider recognition for libraries
• Cooperative intelligence for decision making
• Platform to innovate on

Libraries and discovery services in the cloud

• First aggregate the data
• Extend discovery beyond traditional library

collections

• Explosion of mass digitization and digital

aggregation

• Hathi Trust
• OAIster
• Europeana

Libraries and discovery services in the cloud

• Aggregated user opinion and use = Recommender

services

Beyond library discovery services in the cloud

Marshall Breeding – ―We can’t let the current focus

• n front-end interfaces make us complacent

about the software systems that we use to automate routine library functions‖

• Gain internal and community efficiencies
• Cataloging librarians
• Acquisitions librarians
• Serials librarians
• Electronic resource librarians
• Change in collections = blur in job roles

Beyond library discovery services in the cloud: a Cooperative Platform

• Openness
• Extensibility
• Data richness
• Collaboration

Caveat emptor (or Buyer beware)

• First questions to ask:
• Will it make my library more efficient?
• Will it help my library offer better service?

Security and Privacy

• Two aspects:
• Technical
• Legal
• Not exclusive to cloud solutions

Scalable and reliable

• Why multi-tenancy architecture matters
• Redundancy
• Data
• Services

Data ownership and rights

• Who owns your data?
• What are your access rights to your data?
• What are provisions for business failure?

Architecture

• Open
• Service oriented
• Mashable and extensible

Conclusion

• Opportunity to improve services and relevance
• Cloud computing is One avenue
• Libraries can:
• Take advantage of rapidly emerging technologies
• Increase visibility and accessibility of collections
• Reduce duplication of effort
• Streamline workflows
• Create cooperative intelligence and improved service
• Make libraries greener

Conclusion

• Allow libraries and their users to participate in an

information network

• Create a powerful, unified presence on the Web
• Give our users a local, regional and global reach

Public purposes:

Further access to the world’s information Reduce the rate of rise of library costs

72,035 libraries in 170 countries

The OCLC cooperative: a nonprofit, membership organization

OCLC: 20 offices in 10 countries

Australia: Footscray, Victoria Perth, Western Australia Canada: Calgary, Alberta Brossard, Quebec Winnipeg, Manitoba China: Beijing France: Asnières sur Seine Germany: Berlin Bonn Mannheim Oberhaching United States: Dublin, Ohio Overland Park, Kansas San Mateo, California Seattle, Washington Mexico: Mexico City Netherlands: Leiden Switzerland: Basel United Kingdom: Birmingham Sheffield

New OCLC governance structure

25,900+

institutions

Members

3

councils

Regional Councils

48

members

Global Council

16

trustees

Board of Trustees

OCLC’s Member leadership

Global Council

Asia Pacific Regional Council EMEA Regional Council Americas Regional Council

OCLC Global Council 2010-2011

Global Council: Leadership transition

President

2010-2011 2011-2012

Jennifer Younger

Vice-President/President-elect

Berndt Dugall ChewLeng Beh Berndt Dugall

OCLC Trustees

OCLC strategic directions

Develop new Web-scale services with libraries and Maintain and enhance existing services

Enhancements to services in 2010/2011

Connexion client 2.30

Connexion browser Direct Request for Articles

Resource Sharing: deflection by custom holdings group, new reciprocity reports

ILLiad 8.1 QuestionPoint 1.78

CONTENTdm 6

Digital Collection Gateway 2.0

Local Holdings Record Summary service for WorldCat Local migration

WebDewey 2.0

WorldCat synchronization with HEBIS

CBS 6.0 Amlib 5.3 OLIB 8.1 SunRise V4.0 LBS4 TouchPoint 1.6

Fiscal 2011: Enhancements to library management systems

BOND

Dewey Decimal Classification 23rd Edition 200,000 libraries in 138 countries New translations

• French, German, Hebrew,

Italian, Spanish, Swedish

• Arabic under development

OCLC systems Servers:

• 750 Intel / AMD
• Highly virtualized
• 1 IBM Mainframe

Storage:

• 600 Terabytes
• 10,000 slot Tape Library

Data Centers:

• Dublin, Westerville, Ohio (today)
• EMEA, Australia—2011
• Canada, EMEA 2—2012

OCLC system performance

22 million transactions a day!

Transactions Per Second (TPS): peak: 400 transactions per second average: 225 transactions per second Average Response time: <.5 seconds Maximum concurrent sessions: 15,000

Availability snapshot: Fiscal 2011

Service

Monthly Quarterly Fiscal year to date

All Services 100.00% 99.97% 99.88% Connexion 100.00% 100.00% 99.94% Resource Sharing 100.00% 100.00% 99.93% WMS 100.00% 99.52% 99.56% WorldCat Local 100.00% 99.97% 99.83%

WorldCat today

239.2 million

records

1.75+ billion

holdings 16 August 2011

WorldCat growth since 1998

Millions of records

39 41 44 47 50 52 55 61 67 86 108 139 197 234 50 100 150 200 250

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

2010

57.5%

Percentage of records for non-English materials

Total Records

English German French Spanish Chinese Italian Dutch Japanese Latin Russian

June 30,2010

197 m

83.7m 25.2m 18.1m 8.2 m 5.1 m 3.5 m 3.3 m 3.0 m 3.0 m 3.0 m

Multilingual WorldCat

26 August 1971

WorldCat: Happy 40th!

OCLC: Building Web scale with libraries

Represent the full range of member collections and services where the library user is Advance the future of libraries through research, advocacy and community making Create system-wide efficiencies in library management Build global infrastructure which is responsive to local conditions

OCLC Research: Agenda

• 1. Research information management
• 2. Mobilizing unique materials
• 3. Metadata support & management
• 4. Infrastructure & standards support
• 5. System-wide organization
• 6. User behavior studies & synthesis

Research

Exploration, innovation and community for libraries, archives and museums

Cloud-sourcing collection management

“We are looking at how research libraries can operate more efficiently by cloud-sourcing legacy print collections.”

NYU Libraries ReCAP HathiTrust

Virtual International Authority File

Principals

• Library of Congress/NACO
• Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
• Bibliothèque nationale de France
• OCLC

Contributors

National Library of Australia National Library of the Czech Republic Bibliotheca Alexandrina (Egypt) Getty Research Institute National Library of Israel Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico (Italy) Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal Biblioteca Nacional de España National Library of Sweden Swiss National Library Vatican Library NUKAT Center (Poland) Library and Archives Canada National Széchényi Library (Hungary) RERO (Switzerland) Russian State Library [Currently in test]

Applied research, community building and prototyping of services in support of research and learning

OCLC Research Library Partnership

OCLC’s pro bono activities

CONSER (host database) Virtual International Authority File U.S. Newspaper Program (host database) OCLC/ALISE Library & Information Science Research Grant Program Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC Early Career Development Fellowship Program 4th China-U.S. Library Conference PREMIS Working Group FBI stolen rare book project Bosnian National Library Virtual Collection OCLC Research FRBR algorithm OAI-Harvester OCLC/LC Fiction Project Open source software Membership/research reports Advocacy programs Symposia Videoconferences

WorldCat Local: More than books! 193 million books and…

• 526+ million articles
• 11+ million e-books
• 1,424

databases/collections Direct links to full-text articles and open-access

• bjects

WorldCat Local: Mobile access included

WorldCat Local: University of California, BUCLE, HathiTrust

2.1 billion items and growing!

239 million bib records 1.75+ billion holdings 526.6 million records 30 million items

(Google, HathiTrust, OAIster)

Physical holdings in WorldCat Licensed digital content/articles in library collections Local library content being digitized

Representing the collective collection

Developer Network

170 registered members

Most popular

WorldCat Search API xISBN, xISSN WorldCat Registry WorldCat Identities QuestionPoint Knowledge Base xOCLCNUM

70 applications built 20 million calls/month

WorldCat Identities

EasyBib Library Edition: Bring your library to your students

WorldCat knowledge base: shortest path to full text

End users get full text the library subscribes to WorldCat knowledge base

Collection data Title data Linking logic Holdings Library Subscription data Full text End users

EZproxy: Hosted service

EZproxy

Database and content Remote content provider EZproxy verifies the user’s credentials Your library’s authentication method Web server Your library

Change in the library: the impact of OCLC Web-scale Management Services

Users Print Vendors Library

OPAC ILS

Circulation

Cataloging Self Service

Electronic Vendor A to Z List Resolver ERM

Repository

Meta- search

Data Library Users Suppliers Partners

WMS early adopters: Norway, The Netherlands, Canada

What’s ahead?

What’s ahead:

OCLC License Manager A step toward Web-scale management of:

• subscriptions
• licenses
• rights
• local and remote access to licensed

and e-resources

What’s ahead:

2012 New functionality for management systems:

• CBS
• Amlib
• BIBLIOTHECA
• LBS
• OLIB
• SunRise

What’s ahead:

Collection Builder

Unified and consistent collection-level management across print, licensed and digital materials

What’s ahead:

Improve quality control

Global Library and Museum Identifier (GLIMIR)

What’s ahead:

New platform

• Open
• Extensible
• Extended

Fred Kilgour’s Strategic Plan—1967

• Online union catalog

and shared cataloging

• Serials control
• Technical processing

(acquisitions)

• Interlibrary loan
• Retrieval by subject

(reference)

• Remote catalog access

and circulation control

OCLC data and formats WorldCat WorldCat Identities Terminologies Dewey Decimal Classification Knowledge Base WorldCat Registry MARC Dublin Core XML

Current authority control copies in well-formatted string of characters to the destination record/entry. Value proposition: Well-formatted data

Rupert Murdoch

Names

• wns the news…

Works

Concepts (subset of links in WorldCat Identities)

With consistent & coherent data infrastructure, headings have explicit navigational links that can be exposed and traversed.

Rupert Murdoch

Copy string of characters and create navigation links to ―web of data‖. Value Proposition: Well-formatted data AND Automatic data enrichment and navigation

• wns the news…

Names Works Concepts Rupert Murdoch

Thank You!