A CPS agenda for Europe Martin Trngren Professor in Embedded - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
a cps agenda for europe
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

A CPS agenda for Europe Martin Trngren Professor in Embedded - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 05, 2022 440 likes •636 views

A CPS agenda for Europe Martin Trngren Professor in Embedded Control Systems, ICES director Division of Mechatronics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology www.cyphers.eu www.cyphers.eu - Fp7 support action, July 2013- Feb. 2015 Purpose :

slide-1
SLIDE 1

A CPS agenda for Europe

Martin Törngren Professor in Embedded Control Systems, ICES director Division of Mechatronics, KTH – Royal Institute of Technology

slide-2
SLIDE 2

www.cyphers.eu

Acknowledgement: This talk reflects collaborative work with Victoria Cengarle, Holger Pfeiffer, Bernhard Schätz, Fortiss/TUM); John McDermid (Univ. Of York), Roberto Passerone (Trento); Saddek Bensalem (Univ. Joseph Fourier) and Alberto Sangiovanni Vincentelli (Trento/UCB)

www.cyphers.eu - Fp7 support action, July 2013- Feb. 2015 Purpose: develop a strategic CPS agenda for Europe, including comprehensive recommendations for action

CPS technology, Market model, Domain analysis, … Recommendations

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

2

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Industrie 4.0 – CPS as an organizational paradigm shift

slide-4
SLIDE 4

Manufacturing evolution

Production

Mfg. Systems

1913 1955 1850 Product Volume More Competitive Less Competitive

Market

Volatile demand Steady demand Supply

>

Demand Supply< Demand

System Architecture

Modula r reconfigurable Unified architecture

Push Pull

Product Variety Homogenous Low Cost Products Heterogeneous Products

Society Needs

…

1980 2000

(Jovane, Koren and Boër, CIRP Annals, 52/2, 483-695, 2003)

Mass

Dedicated Lines

FMS RMS

General-Purpose

machines

Current Focus:

 Cloud

manufacturing

 Human‐robot

collaboration

 Programming‐free

machine control

 Additive

manufacturing

 Sustainable

manufacturing

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

4

Courtesy of Lihui Wang, KTH

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Indication of a paradigm shift – new players

Google's robotic cars have about $150,000 in equipment including a $70,000 LIDAR (laser radar)

  • system. The range finder mounted on the top is

a Velodyne 64-beam laser. This laser allows the vehicle to generate a detailed 3D map of its environment. The car then takes these generated maps and combines them with high-resolution maps of the world, producing different types of data models that allow it to drive itself.

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

5

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Mechanics vs. Mechatronics;

adding flexible information processing and flow

Computer HW & SW Actuators Drives Sensors Control Module n

Computer HW & SW Actuators Drives Sensors Control Module 1

Mechanics

Mechanics

Environment

Logic and Information

  • No. Interfaces >>N2

Laws of physics

  • No. Interfaces ~ N

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

6

slide-7
SLIDE 7

10100011010011100101001110100

011010011100101001 110100011010011100 1010011 101000110100111000 10011

Integration pasta - dependencies

Production/ parameterization Project Management Sensing, estimation and control Integration tests CAD, PDM ECU/electronics Quality Architecture Networking CAN database Diagnostics, Support tools Safety Maintenance, After-market Vehicle dynamics Software

  • Power
  • Propulsion
  • Thermal

Mechanical components

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

7

Organization Processes Technology Organization Processes Technology Organization Processes Technology Organization Processes Technology

slide-8
SLIDE 8

The “Cyber Physical” Gap – Examples

  • rgani‐

zational processes IT physical processes ES Software‐Based CPS Functionality Dimension „Cyber Domain“ „Physical Domain“ Example Disciplines Logistics Aeronautics Typical Life Cycle < 2‐3 Year > 10‐30 Years Business Model Dynamic Value Network Static Supply Chain Development Approach Continuous Delivery Implement‐Commission‐ Operate –Decommission Dependability Focus Security Safety (and certification) Platform Approach

  • Max. virtualization/Cloud Min. virtualization/RTOS

Example Technologies Big Data, Online Learning Control Synthesis

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

8

slide-9
SLIDE 9

Cyber-physical systems (~2006)

Integration of computation, networking and physical processes where CPS range from minuscule (pace makers) to large-scale (e.g. national power-grid). Not new but

  • Increasing level of integration and capabilities
  • Physical – Embedded – Networking - IT
  • Confluence: Consumer products  Industrial products
  • Business model evolution; servitization

Unprecedented opportunities and societal reliance

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

9

slide-10
SLIDE 10

CPS will change the way entire industries operate

Smart water

Apply monitoring and management technologies to help optimize the availability, delivery, use, and quality of water as well as related systems including energy and chemical treatment.

Smart traffic

Use real-time traffic prediction and dynamic tolling to reduce congestion and its byproducts while positively influencing related systems.

Smart energy

Analyze customer usage and provide customized products and services that help to boost efficiency from the source through the grid to the end user.

Water Energy Chemicals Carbon emissions Congestion Public transportation Smart home Carbon emissions Energy sources Energy grid Energy Noise pollution

Characterization aspects:

  • Scale of integration
  • Technical emphasis
  • Cross-cutting aspects
  • Level of automation

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

10

slide-11
SLIDE 11

CPS and relation to other concepts

Big Data CPS

CPS in the small

Embedded systems

IoT CPSoS SoS

CPS in the large

Different perspectives!! Set sizes are not representative Building systems out of the underlying technologies! Trend of increasing

  • verlap!

Mechatronics

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

11

slide-12
SLIDE 12

CyPhERS recommended focus areas

  • Multidisciplinary research
  • Accelerate technology maturation
  • Interoperability of technology
  • Education and life-long learning
  • Business models and open innovation
  • Raise societal awareness
  • Trustworthiness

The above include legislation and liability

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

12

slide-13
SLIDE 13

Science and technology (example highlights)

  • Enabling sciences!
  • Strengthen cross-disciplinary interactions

– Human‐machine interaction: behavioral science and technical disciplines – from ergonomics to modeling human behavior

  • System level design methodologies with supporting

platforms

– Correct by construction – Systematic and efficient V&V

  • Interoperability standards (horizontal, cross-domain)

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

13

slide-14
SLIDE 14

Market aspects

  • Open Innovation

– Need collaboration!!! – Open standards, Open data, Open source/license

  • Servitization: Anticipation of business models

addressing value-added services besides tangible assets. – Liability frameworks – Forums and eco-systems

  • the organisational and wider context of CPS (regulations, attitudes)

Social Social

  • “business” processes enabled by the CPS and information

Process Process

  • information arising from sensors, other systems, internet, etc.

Information Information

  • computing, communication, sensing, actuation, power, …

Technology Technology

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

14

slide-15
SLIDE 15

CPS education and training (highlights)

Paradigm shift motivates extra efforts for revising programs

  • Increasing space of knowledge and skills!

Balances and the concept of synergy:

  • Depth vs. Breadth, Theory-Practice-Com. skills
  • Academia and industrial collaboration

Life-long learning Sustainability, privacy and ethics Improving the status of teaching

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

15

slide-16
SLIDE 16

From disciplinary to ”Pi-shaped” people that are ready to engineer!

Find a suitable balancing – for the T-shape - depth vs. breadth, Teach experts, with various expertise, able to synergistically work with other experts.

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

16

slide-17
SLIDE 17

CPS characterization - summary

  • Scale of integration and emphasis

– Physical, embedded, networking and IT systems – Life-cycle, Domains

  • Cross cutting aspects: properties, jurisdiction, governance
  • Level of automation
  • CPS, IoT, Industrial Internet, Industrie 4.0 etc. - different

perspectives to integration and software intensive systems

  • An ”organizational” paradigm shift

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

17

slide-18
SLIDE 18

Push Pull

Technological Organizational/Business Societal Energy Transportation Healthcare Competitive production Comfort Entertainment

Software Networking Wireless com. Sensors and actuators Packaging/integration Computing technology Software platforms Control methods Tools … Properties Performance Dependability Risks & costs! Trade-offs Society Legislation; standards Education, debate! Sustainability Science and Technology Organization/Business Management Organization Open innovation

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

18

slide-19
SLIDE 19

Key messages

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)

  • Integrate physical, embedded, networking and IT systems
  • Bridge disciplines, domains & life-cycles

CPS, IoT, Industrial Internet, Industrie 4.0 etc.

  • Provide different perspectives to similar phenomena
  • Characterization helps to clarify system of interest

CPS are sociotechnical systems

  • Unprecedented opportunities for innovation
  • Disruptive changes in both economical and societal sense
  • Corresponding challenges, barriers and threats

– Education, Research and Collaboration

See CyPhERS agenda here: www.cyphers.eu

CyPhERS CPS agenda, Martin Törngren, KTH;– ACCESS CPS workshop, Octh 27th, Stockholm

19