4MOST and the transient universe Sofia Feltzing (Lund Observatory) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

4MOST – 4m Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope

www.4MOST.eu

4MOST and the transient universe

Sofia Feltzing (Lund Observatory)

What is 4MOST?

• A multi-fibre spectrograph for VISTA on Paranal

2 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

4MOST time line

3 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

Jan 2015 Consortium consolidated, start Preliminary Design phase Jan 2016 Preliminary Design Review, all concepts tested, evaluated, and costed Jun 2017 Final Design Review, detailed designs finalized Jun 2019 All subsystems manufactured, assembled, integrated and verified Jun 2020 Full system integrated and verified at AIP , preliminary acceptance Europe Dec 2020 Delivery and installation at telescope, preliminary acceptance Chile Dec 2020 – Dec 2025 First science survey of 4MOST, about 30% of targets determined by community surveys

• Tech. spec. as we go into PD (2015)

4 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

Specification Design value Field-of-View (hexagon) >4.0 degree2 (⌀>2.5) Multiplex fiber positioner ~2400 Medium Resolution Spectrographs (2x) # Fibres Passband Velocity accuracy R~5000–7000 1600 fibres 390-930 nm < 2 km/s High Resolution Spectrograph (1x) # Fibres Passband Velocity accuracy R~20,000 800 fibres 392-437 & 515-572 & 605-675 nm < 1 km/s # of fibers in ⌀=2’ circle >3 Fibre diameter

⌀=1.4 arcsec

Area (first 5 year survey) >2h x 16,000 deg2 Number of science spectra (5 year) ~75 million of 20 min Bellido et al., Paper 9150-45

4MOST fibre positioner

5 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

• Tilting spine (Echidna) style

Consortium, PI: Roelof de Jong

• The consortium consists of 15 institutes

–Leibniz Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) –Australian Astronomical Observatory (AAO) –Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge (IoA) –Ludwigs-Maximilians-Unversität München (LMU) –Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg / Landessternwarte (ZAH/ LSW) –Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) –Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA) –Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL) –European Southern Observatory (ESO) –Nederlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie (NOVA) –Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) –Laboratoire d’Etudes des Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation (GEPI) –Rijksunversiteit Groningen (RuG) –Lunds Universitet (Lund) –Uppsala Universitet (UU)

6 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

Consortium, in detail (online)

7 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

Institute Instrument responsibility Science responsibility Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) Management and System Engineering, Telescope interface (including WFC), Metrology, Fibre System, Calibration System, Instrument Control, Safety System, System MAIV and Commissioning Milky Way Disk/Bulge LR Australian Astronomical Observatory (AAO) Fibre Positioner Galaxy Groups Survey (WAVES) Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL) Low Resolution Spectrographs Galaxy Cluster Survey European Southern Observatory (ESO) Detectors System Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge (IoA) Data Management System Milky Way Halo LR Ludwigs-Maximilians-Unversität München (LMU) Instrument Control System Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) Science Operations System X-ray selected Galaxy Clusters, X- ray selected AGN Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg (ZAH) High Resolution Spectrograph, Instrument Control System Software Milky Way Halo HR Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG) Milky Way Halo LR Lunds Universitet (Lund)

Uppsala Universitet (UU)

Milky Way Disk/Bulge HR

Laboratoire d’Etudes des Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation (GEPI) TBD

4MOST principle

• 4MOST runs all the time: minimal instrument changes,

running almost all of the time during 2 x 5 year surveys.

• 4MOST provides a total package: the target selection,
• perations and survey strategy, instrument capabilities, and

high level data product delivery.

• One design fits many science cases: the number of
• bserving modes (e.g., spectrograph configurations) kept

to a minimum, a general-purpose, reliable, yet simple instrument, operations concept and data analysis software.

• With many science cases running at the same time in

parallel, all the time.

8 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

4MOST principle

• Unique operations for MOS instruments that allows
• bservations for most science cases
• 4MOST program defined by Public Surveys of 5 years
• Surveys will be defined by Consortium and Community
• All Surveys will run in parallel
• Key Surveys will define observing strategy – Millions of

targets across the sky

• Add-on Surveys for smaller surveys

– Small fraction fibers all sky – Dedicated small area –103 to 106 targets

9 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

4MOST expected performance

10 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

HR LR 20 ¡min ¡ 2 ¡h

4MOST HR in context

11 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

4MOST surveys

• Consortium
• 8 surveys
• 4 Galactic science
• 4 Extra galactic science
• Large science efforts

providing everything up to final data-products

12 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

• Community (you?)
• Proposals for public

surveys through open call from ESO

• Evaluations in OPC and

survey panel(s)

• Implemented alongside

consortium surveys

• Consortium and community surveys will work

together on many survey related aspects

4MOST science organisation

• PI Roelof de Jong
• Project scientists

–Richard McMahon (IoA): extra-galactic science –Sofia Feltzing (Lund): Galactic science

• 8 surveys with 2 survey PIs each (GalSci HR disk+Bulge led

by Thomas Bensby and Maria Bergemann)

• >6 infrastructure working groups providing pipelines,

classifications etc (abundance pipeline led by Karin Lind and Georges Kordopatis)

13 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

4MOST community surveys – when and how?

• ESO will issue a call for proposals, likely during 2018
• By then the consortium surveys will be defined and

documented such that the community knows what to propose

• The community will have access to planning tools such as

the survey simulator to be able to study how their survey can be realised

• The community surveys will join the consortium surveys for

final planning and execution ➡Need to get working on catalogues etc to be ready for the 2018 call

14 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

What can 4MOST do for transient science?

• Scheduled follow-up with relatively short lead-time will be

feasible –example: LSST SN-alerts can be easily allocated in the survey fields (> 25k transients per year)

• Surveys of known transient/variable sky

–Complementing asteroseismic observations such as CoRoT and PLATO –Nature of peculiar variable stars discovered by Gaia, LSST, Euclid –Radial velocities time series of low mass binary systems

15 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

Want to know more?

• Talk to the project scientists (Richard McMahon, SF)
• de Jong (2011) Msngr 145 14
• Recent SPIE contributions (search for 4MOST in ADS):

–de Jong et al. (2014) 4MOST: 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope –Haynes et al. (2014) The 4MOST instrument concept

• verview

–Haynes et al. (2014) 4MOST fiber feed concept design –Boller & Dwelly (2012) The 4MOST facility simulator: instrument and science optimisation

16 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

www.4most.eu

Gaia science alerts

• http://www.gaia.ac.uk/selected-gaia-

science-alerts

• Currently in validation phase

17 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

08:59:08 nonTdetecEon(2014T12T13 19:50 Gaia15aas 2015T01T 26 10:58:28 177.77638 28.22181 18.91 Not known Not known unknown new(blue(source(next(to SDSS(galaxy((z=0.051),(last nonTdetecEon(2014T12T15 30(Jan 2015, 19:47 Gaia15aar 2015T01T 17 09:07:17 203.03705 34.69049 18.28 Not known Not known SN(Ia new(blue(source(next(to SDSS(galaxy,(last(nonT detecEon(2014T12T15, =CSS150118T 133209+344127 30(Jan 2015, 19:45 Gaia15aaq 2015T01T 16 21:06:45 205.35303 35.76202 18.51 Not known Not known SN(Ia new(blue(source(next(to SDSS(galaxy((z=0.063),(last nonTdetecEon(2014T12T15 30(Jan 2015, 19:43 Gaia15aap 2015T01T 12 21:25:05 231.71731 20.62390 18.52 Not known Not known unknown blue(new(source(in(disk(of SDSS(galaxy((z=(0.041),(last nonTdetecEon:(2014T12T20 28(Jan 2015, 21:56 Gaia15aao 2015T01T 12 03:34:18 236.05166 11.27119 17.71 Not known Not known SN(Ia new(blue(source(in(SDSS galaxy,(=ASASSNT15bk 26(Jan 2015, 16:57 Gaia15aan 2014T12T 19 09:14:21 241.44997 24.09196 13.03 19.41 0.12 unknown Very(blue(object(T(huge

• utburst.(Reported(as

ASASSNT14mo.(Possible(AM CVn;(TCP J16054809+2405338 24(Jan 2015, 15:01

Stars (14 < V < 20) (14 < V < 16.5)

18 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

Green and red waveband

New method + iterations with instrument builders (IS)

19 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

Paper about the method, lead by Greg Ruchti, to be submitted.

Wavelength 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 20 15 10 5 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 Halpha MgT Ca (log g) Fe I (EP < 2.5) Fe I (EP > 2.5) Fe II Mg I Mn I Na I Al I Li I O I C I Si I,Ca I Ti I,Ti II Cr I,Ni I Co I,Zn I Cu I Ba II Eu II

Hα, 10 low EP and 10 high EP FeI 10 FeII lines MgT or Ca616.2

Line-list wetted for science

Resolution and SNR for HRS

20 4MOST | Transient universe for all, Lund 9-10 February 2015 | Sofia Feltzing

0.1 dex Luca Sbordone Ability to retrieve a given equivalent width (EW) at any λ done σ(EW)/EW Resolution

SNR=185 per Å SNR=154 per Å