3/19/2010 The Bagrada Bug, a New Invasive Pest of Cole Crops John - - PDF document

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3/19/2010 The Bagrada Bug, a New Invasive Pest of Cole Crops John - - PDF document

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3/19/2010 The Bagrada Bug, a New Invasive Pest of Cole Crops John Palumbo, Yuma Ag Center University of Arizona, Yuma J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona Harlequin bug Bagrada bug Murgantia histronica Bagrada hilaris 1 3/19/2010 J.C. Palumbo,

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The Bagrada Bug, a New Invasive Pest of Cole Crops

John Palumbo, Yuma Ag Center

University of Arizona, Yuma

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

Harlequin bug Murgantia histronica Bagrada bug Bagrada hilaris

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

It was common to see the small stink bug walking on the bed surface, and not unusual to find mating pairs walking on plants and soil surfaces

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

  • Bagrada bugs will lay eggs on the leaves, and in the soil underneath the plants.
  • A single female can lay as many as 100 eggs within 2 to 3 weeks.
  • The incubation period is 4 to 8 days.
  • This eggmass was found on a broccoli cotyledon in the Yuma Valley.

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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Here is the same egg mass ‐ after 4 days at room temperature.

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

Although mating was obviously occurring, we did not observe any egg masses on the plants. The above image shows what we presume is a neonate, newly hatched nymph found crawling on the soil surface. Note its size relative to the knife blade.

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

Development Time (days)

Egg hatch Nymph development Pre-oviposition period

Bagrada bug - biology (India / Pakastan)

10 20 30 75o F Average Temperature 86o F 95o F

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Development Time (days)

Egg hatch Nymph development Pre-oviposition period

Adult Longevity (days) 30

Bagrada bug - biology (India / Pakastan)

10 20 30 5 10 15 20 25 75o F Average Temperature 86o F 95o F 75o F Average Temperature 86o F 95o F Development Time (days)

Egg hatch Nymph development Pre-oviposition period

Adult Longevity (days) 30

Bagrada bug - biology (India / Pakastan)

199

Fecundity (eggs / female)

10 20 30 5 10 15 20 25

95 45

75o F Average Temperature 86o F 95o F 75o F Average Temperature 86o F 95o F

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Cruciferous Agronomic

canola chard potaoto

Host Range

broccoli mizuna maize cauliflower bok choy sorghum cabbage napa cotton broccoflower arugula legumes (?) kale mustards wheat turnips rutabaga pearl millet radish collards Capers p

Weeds

lambsquarter

Host Range

black mustard purple nutsedge Euphorbia spp. perennial sowthistle field bindweed shepardspurse (?)

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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*** Major pest of Canola & Brassica seed crops Host Range

Symptoms / Damage

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

Damage on leaves might be mistaken for herbicide damage (e.g., Goaltender)

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

Injured Plants (%)

80 100 Wilted Terminal Dead Terminal 20 40 60

2 days 3 days

Infested Plants

(1 adult / plant) 2 days 3 days

Check

(no adults)

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

Adult bragada bug feeding on broccoli cotyledon, Coachella Valley, CA, Sep 2009. Note: the mouthparts underneath head inserted into leaf tissue (arrow)

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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2 1 3 4

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

This is your Broccoli

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

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4 This is your Broccoli on bagrada bugs 2 3 5 6 7 8 1

J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona

Consperse stink bug Euschistus conspersus

Are Bagrada bugs more active at Night ?

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Southern Green Stink Bug Nezara virdula

Are Bagrada bugs more active at Night ?

OP / CH Carbamates Pyrethroid Seed Treatments Others

Effective Chemical Control – India and Pakastan

Lorsban Warrior Azodrin Garlic Azodrin Mustang phosphamidon Pepper Endosulfan Asana carbosulfan Soap MSR Danitol lindane Tobacco lindane fluvalinate Neem malathion pyrethrin Sevin dichlorvos phosalone MSR

Economic Threshold:

  • Seedlings:

1 bug/m2

  • Larger plants:

3 bugs

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Trial I

  • Sep 24, 2009
  • broccoli
  • cotyledon stage
  • 20 GPA

Bagrada bugs / 20 plants

0 5 1.0 1.5 2.0 3 DAT 5 DAT

Trial II

  • Sep 29 2009

NAI 2302

0.0 0.5

Belay Brigade Untreated

1.5 2.0 2 DAT 3 DAT 5 DAT

  • Sep 29, 2009
  • cabbage
  • cotyledon
  • 24 GPA

Mustang 4 oz

0.0 0.5 1.0

Brigade 5 oz Lannate 0.5 lb Untreated

Bagrada Bugs Lannate Lorsban Diazinon

Alternatives for Bagrada bug Control in Desert Cole Crops

1

Orthene Warrior Mustang Max Asana Voliam Xpress Venom

2

Assail Belay Belay

  • All of these products have shown

good control of Harliquin bug in the southern and eastern U.S.

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