2020 Global Nutrition Report Action on equity to end malnutrition 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1st July 2020 UNSCN | FAO | 2020 GNR Online Event

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Action on equity to end malnutrition

Professor Renata Micha, RD PhD FAHA Co-Chair, Independent Expert Group of the Global Nutrition Report

About the Global Nutrition Report

About the Global Nutrition Report

The Global Nutrition Report was conceived following the first Nutrition for Growth (N4G) Summit in 2013 as a tool to track stakeholders’ commitments and inspire action. Its vision is A world free from malnutrition in all its forms. Its mission is To drive greater action to end malnutrition in all its forms.

2020 Global Nutrition Report

The world’s leading independent assessment of the state of global nutrition

Data storage

GNR

Businesses Civil society Philanthropic

• rganisations

Governments

Stakeholders Accountability Priority setting Advocacy Reporting

Nutrition Accountability Framework

Data analysis Data collection

The Global Nutrition Report as a key accountability mechanism

Covid-19 and the 2020 Global Nutrition Report

The way forward

The 2020 GNR in the context of Covid-19

Covid-19 does not treat us equally Covid-19 exposes the vulnerability of

• ur food systems

Covid-19 exposes deadly healthcare disparities

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Urgent need for equitable, resilient and sustainable food and health systems

►Coordination ► Financing ► Accountability

Why action on equity to end malnutrition?

Injustices in food and health systems hold people back from healthy diets and lives

Nutrition inequity: our defining challenge

… that can lead to inequalities in nutrition outcomes

Globally, 1 in 9 people is hungry

• r undernourished

Globally, 1 in 3 people is overweight

• r obese

Processes of unfairness, injustice and social exclusion start at the basic level and extend to the underlying level

Social determinants are drivers of inequity…

Underlying determinants

Everyday circumstances and norms Environments Socioeconomic and political context Human capital or potential Social position

Basic determinants

Healthy diets and quality nutrition care are not simply a matter of personal choices

Nutrition equity: our defining opportunity

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Address inequities in food systems and make healthy, sustainable food the most accessible and affordable choice for all Fully integrate nutrition in health systems and make nutrition care – preventive and curative – universally available

Food systems and health systems need to be transformed

Who is most affected?

Progress towards global nutrition targets is too slow and deeply unfair

The state of global nutrition

Maternal, infant and young child nutrition targets

Anaemia

In 2016, anaemia affected 613.2 million women of reproductive age, 35.3 million of whom were pregnant.

Exclusive breastfeeding

In 2018, 42.2%

• f infants 0–5

months were exclusively breastfed.

Low birth weight

The latest estimate (2015) is that there are around 20.5 million children with low birth weight.

OFF COURSE

SOME PROGRESS SOME PROGRESS

Childhood stunting

In 2018, 149.0 million children were stunted.

Childhood wasting

In 2018, 7.3%

• f children were

wasted, equivalent to 49.5 million children.

Childhood

• verweight

In 2018, 5.9%

• f children were
• verweight,

equivalent to 40.1 million children.

OFF COURSE OFF COURSE OFF COURSE

2020 Global Nutrition Report

The state of global nutrition

Diet-related noncommunicable disease (NCD) targets

Salt intake

In 2017, the global mean salt intake was 5.6 g per day.

Raised blood pressure

In 2015, 597.4 million men and 529.2 million women had raised blood pressure – 1.13 billion adults in total.

Adult

• besity

In 2016, 284.1 million men and 393.5 million women were obese – 677.6 million adults in total.

Adult diabetes

In 2014, 217.8 million men and 204.4 million women lived with diabetes– 422.1 million adults in total.

OFF COURSE OFF COURSE OFF COURSE OFF COURSE

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Global patterns hide significant inequalities between and within countries

Underweight mainly affects children, while overweight and obesity are rising across all ages

The double burden of malnutrition

Overweight Overweight

2000 2004 2008 2016 2012 2000 2004 2008 2016 2012 10.3% 10.3%

19.2% 17.5% 31.7% 39.2% 29.7% 38.5%

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Children and adolescents (5–19 years) Adults (18+ years)

Underweight

0%

20% 10% 30% 40%

Underweight

2000 2004 2008 2016 2012 2000 2004 2008 2016 2012

Male Female

37.0% 29.6% 31.6% 25.9% 11.5% 9.4% 8.6% 11.1%

Prevalence

Inequalities within countries and populations

Vulnerable and poorest groups are often the most affected

2020 Global Nutrition Report

How can we make our health systems more equitable?

Countries must be prepared to fight both sides of malnutrition at the same time

Leadership and governance are central

4.0% 31.3% 55.6% 26.9%

Anaemia

56.3% 66.7% 46.2% 12.0%

Exclusive breastfeeding

43.8% 55.6% 53.8% 4.0%

Childhood stunting

18.8% 29.6% 46.2% 60.0%

Childhood

• verweight

25.0% 37.0% 42.3% 72.0%

Adolescent and adult

• verweight

6.3% 40.7% 34.6% 52.0%

Diabetes 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Low-income Lower-middle-income Upper-middle-income High-income

31.3% 55.6% 26.9% 56.3% 66.7% 46.2% 43.8% 55.6% 53.8% 60.0% 72.0% 52.0%

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Percentage of countries with actions related to global nutrition targets in health sector plans

18

Poor diet: #1 cause of poor health globally

Source: Global Burden of Disease, 2017

Greatly exceeding burdens attributable to traditional risk factors

Universal health coverage is our opportunity to mainstream nutrition, save lives and reduce healthcare spending

Critical actions to change health systems

Leadership and governance Health workforce Health systems financing Access to essential medicines Health services delivery Health information systems

Full integration

• f nutrition

care into national health sector plans A greater number of equitably distributed nutrition professionals Alignment of costed nutrition care plans with healthcare financing plans Inclusion of nutrition products in essential medicines' lists and use of technologies Integration of nutrition care in health service delivery, regularly monitored Inclusion of nutrition into health records and public health surveillance systems

Across each of the health system building blocks

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Integration of nutrition within health systems

How can we make our food systems more equitable?

Processed food is available, cheap and intensively marketed

Sales are rapidly increasing in upper- and lower-middle income countries

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Source: Food-PRICE initiative; Lee Y, Micha R Circulation 2020

Food policies add years of healthy living and save billions

Volume based tax Tiered sugar content tax Absolute sugar content tax

Taxing sugary drinks based on sugar content in the US could save: ► 1.8 million CVD cases ► 0.5 million diabetes cases ► $140.7 billion in societal costs

Critical actions to change food systems

Solutions already exist to make healthy, sustainable food the most accessible, affordable and desirable choice

What investments are needed to improve nutrition?

Financial commitments do not match the scale and nature of the issue

The state of nutrition financing

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Additional domestic Additional donor Additional household Innovative sources

1.5 2.2 2.9 3.5 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.4 7.1 2.8 3.5 3.9 3.5 3.1 2.6 2.1 0.4

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

7.5 9.0 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.7

10 8 6 4 2

Additional funds needed to meet specific MIYCN targets (US$ billions)

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Disbursements rose to US$ 39.8 million in 2017, which need to be scaled up

Financing for diet-related NCDs

Disbursments Commitments Disbursements % of total ODA

Coordination, financing and accountability

Direct resources and programs to communities and people most affected

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Domestic financing

Increase domestic financing, covering undernutrition and diet-related NCDs

International financing

Increase international nutrition financing, targeting those most in need

Data systems

Invest in data information systems, aligned with national priorities

Dialogue spaces

Establish support spaces for open dialogue on coordinated action

Situational assessment

Conduct situational assessment to identify bottlenecks and remove barriers

Global accountability

Establish a global framework to hold stakeholders accountable

How can we achieve nutritional well-being for all?

Strategic steps to achieve nutrition equity

2020 Global Nutrition Report

Transform systems and target resources for faster and fairer progress

Renew and expand commitments and strengthen accountability Build equitable, resilient and sustainable food and health systems Focus on joint efforts – global challenges show how vital this is Invest in nutrition, especially in communities most affected

Good nutrition is now more important than ever

Visit our website to read the full report, and view the Country Nutrition Profiles and Nutrition for Growth Commitment Tracking tool.

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Fixing the global nutrition crisis is a collective responsibility