06/02/2014 E. Toth 2 PART I Context Challenges of New Member - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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06/02/2014 E. Toth 2 PART I Context Challenges of New Member - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Themes Context Challenges of New Member States addressed in ITC-ILO capacity building projects European integration and industrial relations characteristics in Turkey, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia Comparative presentation of

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 Context – Challenges of New Member States addressed in ITC-ILO capacity building projects  European integration and industrial relations characteristics in Turkey, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia  Comparative presentation of replies to the on-line survey on social dialogue in commerce sector

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Themes

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Context – Challenges of New Member States addressed in ITC-ILO capacity building projects

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PART I

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ACTRAV ITC-ILO SECTORAL AND MULTI- SECTORAL PROJECTS

PARTNER YEAR SECTOR COUNTRY ACT. PARTICIPANTS EVALUATION

UNI 2003-04 Post, telecom NMS 5 72 (38,88% F) 4,10 EFBWW 2005-07 Construction NMS 10 229 (28,82%F) 4,26 EFFAT 2007 Tourism NMSCC 9 181 (50,27%F) 4,44 EMF 2008 Metal NMSCC 8 173 (28,32%F) 4,45 EMCEF 2009-10 Chemistry NMSCC 9 181 (25,41%F) 4,38 ETF 2010-11 Transport NMSCC 9 209 (29,18%F) 4,33 ETUC 2010 Cross-sectoral NMSCC 3 104 (39,42%F) 4,29 UNI-Europa 2011 Commerce NMSCC 6 142 (54,92%F) 4,43 EFFAT & industriAll 2012 Agriculture, food, ho- re-ca, mining, energy NMSCC 6 206 (42,71F) 4,44 industriAll 2013 Manufacturing NMSCC 6 204 (35,29%) 4,32 EFBWW 2014 Construction NMSCC 6

  • ngoing
  • ngoing
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IDENTIFIED PROBLEM

  • Limited participation of social partners from New

Member States in EUROPEAN SECTORAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE due to the weaknesses on the national level

  • Need for a new culture of SD in NMS, building

mutual trust and commitment of social partners to jointly design and implement SD agenda on the issues of common interest in the sector at national and EU level

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WHY INVEST IN NEW MEMBER STATES

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 Continuous labour law reforms in NMSCC leading to loss

  • f rights and legal uncertainty

 An overall low level of social dialogue and industrial relations  Decline in TU membership as a dominant feature  Need for consolidation of institutions, add content and delivery power to the existing institutional forms  Sectoral social dialogue and collective bargaining are the weakest link

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AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT ON THE NATIONAL LEVEL

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 Independence from Government, employers or any third parties  Representativeness – precondition for credibility and influence  Increasing representation of all the workers in the sectors by including specific interest groups (i.e. precarious workers, women, youth, migrants…) at all levels of TU

  • rganization

 Prioritizing organizing and recruitment - introducing strategic organizing approach  Militancy and active members

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TRADE UNION RENEWAL I: Autonomy and Representativeness

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 Rebuilding and redeveloping trade union structures  Need to optimise human and financial resources and structures through mergers or strong forms on inter- union cooperation  Distribution of membership fees in such a fashion as to guarantee strong national sectoral trade union  Rejuvenation of trade union movement and empowerment of young trade union leaders  New and innovative ideas, creativity, new image of trade union  Use of ICT in communication with members and the public

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TRADE UNION RENEWAL II: Strengthening structures, bringing new blood,

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 Increasing full-time professional staff specialized in industrial relations, economics, finance, law, sociology  Introducing more research and expertise (cooperation with universities)  Improving communication, knowledge-sharing and dissemination of information at all levels  Systematic education of trade union officials and activists

  • n core trade union areas of work and core skills, including

language skills  Maximizing benefits of international cooperation  Taking initiative, not just reactive

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TRADE UNION RENEWAL III: Knowledge, competence, pro-activeness

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Overview of industrial relations systems

Source: EC Report Industrial Relations in Europe 2012

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Spain 133 Ireland 73 France 125 Denmark 73 Italy 112 Hungary 73 Netherlands 107 Czech Republic 72 Finland 103 Greece 72 Luxembourg 103 Montenegro* 69 Belgium 102 Malta 63 Bulgaria 101 Croatia* 61 Sweden 98 Cyprus 59 Poland 91 Turkey* 56 United Kingdom 87 Romania 56 Germany 84 Austria 54 Portugal 82 Latvia 53 Slovenia 82 Lithuania 44 Slovakia, Serbia* 75 Estonia 38

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Ratifications of ILO Conventions in the EU Member States, Turkey and Montenegro

EU average 81 Conventions, EU-15 average 94, New Member States average 67

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General background and industrial relations characteristics in Turkey, Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro

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PART II

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Country European integration Croatia EU member state since July 1st, 2013 (28th member state) Turkey Candidate country since 1999, accession negotiations opened in 2005 Montenegro Candidate country since 2010, accession negotiations opened in 2010 Serbia Candidate country since 2012, accession negotiations opened in 2013

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European integration

In Turkey, Montenegro and Serbia significant legislative changes are taking place aiming at the alignment with the EU acquis, for TUs especially important Chapter 19

  • n Social policy and employment (see 2013 Progress Reports)
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COUNTRY TRADE UNIONS EMPLOYERS GOVERNMENT TURKEY Türk-Is Hak-Is DISK Memur-Sen Kamu-Sen KESK TISK TÜSIAD MÜSIAD Ministry of Labour and Social Security CROATIA SSSH NHS Matica HURS HUP Ministry of Labour and Pension System MONTENEGRO SSCG USSCG UPCG Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs SERBIA SSSH, UGS Nezavisnost, ASNS, KSS UPS Ministry of Labour

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Industrial relations actors in TR HR MN SR

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The new Trade Union and Collective Bargaining Law (Act No. 6356 enacted in November 2012) is welcomed by the EU as it clearly advances the situation of labour unions as compared to the previous legislation. Nevertheless, the EU still thinks that the proper functioning of social dialogue and industrial relations is hampered by remaining obstacles: ■The obstacles to collective bargaining are still high (collective bargaining double threshold regulation 3% industry level, 50% + 1 workplace level)

  • Abolishment of a former need for a notary act to become a union member

■Union members in small enterprises are insufficiently protected ■Some civil servants have restricted rights to organize and organize strikes ■Social dialogues institutions remain weak ■The Social and Economic Council is inactive

  • Violations of fundamental rights still a major issue

The report concludes that ‘some progress‘ was made and the legal alignment ‘moderately advanced’.

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Turkey

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  • Labour law
  • Occupational safety and health
  • Social dialogue
  • Employment policy
  • Social inclusion
  • Social protection
  • Anti-discrimination and equal opportunities

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Reform processes in Serbia and Montenegro

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  • Under the pressure of WB and IMF since 2010 to flexibilize

its labour market and labour legislation, requests to:

  • reduce costs of hiring and firing, increasing working time

flexibility, cancellation of collective agreements especially in public sector etc.

  • Labour Court set up in Zagreb for the first time
  • Act on Representativity adopted
  • Government abolished Office for Social partnership without

prior consultation with social partners

  • Series of attacks on the freedom of collective bargaining
  • New Act on Establishing Economic and Social Council, July

2013

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Croatia

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Comparative presentation

  • f replies to the on-line survey on social dialogue in commerce

sector by TURK KOOP-IS, SOSYAL-IS, STH, TU of Commerce Workers of Montenegro, Samostalni sindikat trgovine Srbije

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PART III

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Unions in commerce TK HR MN SR

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Unions in commerce BG RO MT HU EE LT LV PL CZ SK SI HR TK MN SR

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National affiliation TK HR MN SR

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National affiliation 15 countries

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Membership trend TK HR MN SR

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Membership trend 15 countries

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Legislative developments TK HR SR

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Legislative developments 15 countries

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Tripartite social dialogue

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Consultations between the government and social partners

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Bipartite social dialogue TK HR MN SR

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Bipartite social dialogue 15 countries

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Quality of sectoral social dialogue TK HR MN SR

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Quality of sectoral social dialogue 15 countries

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Collective bargaining levels in TK HR MN SR

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Collective bargaining in 15 respondent countries

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European affiliation TK HR MN SR

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European affiliation 15 countries

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Representation in European Social Dialogue

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Representation in European Social Dialogue 15 countries

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Understanding European Social Dialogue

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Understanding European Social Dialogue 15 countries

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Future of commerce

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  • ITC-ILO on-line survey on social dialogue in commerce sector, 2013
  • Final Technical Implementation Report on ITC-ILO training project on Strengthening

Social Dialogue in Commerce, ACTRAV 2012

  • EIRO, European industrial relations observatory on-line, industrial relations country

profiles for Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia

  • IRT, industrialrelationsin turkey.com
  • NORMLEX, on-line information system on international labour standards, ratification

information by country, ILO

  • ETUI, Clauwaert and Schömann, The crisis and national labour law reforms: a

mapping exercise. Country report Croatia, 2013

  • ITCILO, Sectoral Social Dialogue in EU12 and candidate countries, Svigir, 2010
  • ITCILO, Social Dialogue, a manual for trade union education, Carls and Bridgford, 2012
  • European Commission Progress Reports for Turkey, Serbia and Montenegro 2013
  • www.worker-participation.eu
  • http://www.etuc.org/a/7295

Resource materials

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