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!"#$%&'%()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%1(,23% - - PDF document

Marco Turchi turchi@fbk.eu Statistical Machine Translation - ICT Doctoral School 19 March 2013 Quality Estimation Turchi, FBK 1 !"#$%&'%()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%1(,23% 4%5&$%/6%"&'$/7+%


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SLIDE 1

Marco Turchi turchi@fbk.eu

Statistical Machine Translation - ICT Doctoral School – 19 March 2013

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 1 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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SLIDE 5

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • In real applications, several questions :

– Is the translated text good enough to be published? – Can we trust it? – Can a reader get the gist? – Is it worst to post-edit it?

  • Quality Estimation (QE) can help us to find the

right answers!!

9

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11 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • Automatic Evaluation:

– require parallel test sets – fundamental in controlled experiments – compare different system performances

  • Quality Estimation:

– does not require parallel data, but labeled data – application oriented

  • Both very complex tasks

12

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SLIDE 7

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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13

  • Can a reader get the gist?
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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14

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SLIDE 8

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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15 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 18

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SLIDE 10

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19 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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20

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • Specia et al, 2009 [Spe,2009]:

– Better MT output – More attention in the private sector – Predict Post-Editing (PE) Effort

  • human effort to transform the MT output into a good text

(Post-editing time, human scores, % errors to fix)

– First dataset freely available

21 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • Specia et al, 2010 [Spe,2010]:

– New interpretation of QE:

– Predict the MT evaluation: – Select the best translation from multiple MT-systems – Filtering out bad translations

– Regression vs Binary Classification vs Multi-label Classification

22

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SLIDE 12

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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– Training/test data with human annotation (1..5) – 11 participants – Scoring and ranking tasks – New quality indicators (features) – Tested a large number of machine learning techniques

  • Workshop on MT, 2013, shared task Quality Estimation…

– coming soon

23 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 26

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SLIDE 16
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 36

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  • E/F%:#0%F<%)'<%(,%&0%7<#*%#CC*&:#-/0'3%

37

  • !"&:"%&'%#%>//9%&09&:#$/7%/6%$7#0'*#-/0%Y)#*&$+%$/%

C7<9&:$3%

  • 40%&09&:#$/7%/6%$7#0'*#-/0%Y)#*&$+%'"/)*9%$#R<%&0$/%

#::/)0$D%

– :/77<:$0<''%#09%)-*&$+%/6%$"<%$7#0'*#-/0% – :/>0&-@<%<Q/7$%0<<9<9%5+%%").#0%$/%:/77<:$%$"<% $7#0'*#-/0%

  • 4**%$"<'<%#'C<:$'%:#0%5<%')..#7&b<9%&0%$"<D%

– ]/'$g,9&-0>%,Q/7$%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 38

slide-20
SLIDE 20
  • !"#$%&'%]/'$g,9&-0>3%1`2%

– 4%C7/:<''%/6%./9&[:#-/0%7#$"<7%$"#0%7<@&'&/0H% 1=/t<7g=#)7&#0%WuvU2% – G"<%a$<7.%)'<9%6/7%$"<%:/77<:-/0%/6%.#:"&0<% $7#0'*#-/0%/)$C)$%5+%").#0%*&0>)&'$'k<9&$/7'f%1o<#*<% #09%!#+%Wuuw2% – M<C#&7&0>%$<_$'%1x7&0>'V%STTW2% – aI$"<%C7/:<''%/6%&.C7/@&0>%#%.#:"&0<g><0<7#$<9% $7#0'*#-/0%F&$"%#%.&0&.).%/6%.#0)#*%*#5/7f%1G4O;% 7<C/7$V%STWT2%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

`%67/.%G)$/7&#*%#$%4AG4%STWTH%M<6<7<0:<'%#@#&*#5*<%&0%mByN7VWTn%

39

  • ]/'$g,9&-0>%,Q/7$%&'%

– $"<%<Q/7$%.#9<%5+%#%C/'$g<9&$/7%$/%.#0)#**+%&.C7/@<%#% .#:"&0<%><0<7#$<9%$7#0'*#-/0%

  • ]/'$g,9&-0>%,Q/7$%&'%0/$%#%':/7<kY)#0-$+%
  • P<<9%':/7<'%#5*<%$/%.<#')7<%$"<%C/'$g<9&-0>%<Q/7$D%

– ;:/7&0>%':"<.<% – ]/'$g,9&-0>%-.<%1'<:/09'%/7%'<:/09'%C<7%F/79'2%%% – EG,M% – P).5<7%/6%R<+'$7/R<'% – I%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 40

slide-21
SLIDE 21
  • ;:/7&0>%;:"<.#D%

– #75&$7#7+%:"/&:<%/6%$"<%*<@<*'%/6%Y)#*&$+%%

  • #%'<0$<0:<%:#0%5<%*#5<*<9%#'D%%

% W%z%7<Y)&7<'%:/.C*<$<%7<$7#0'*#-/0d% % S%z%7<Y)&7<'%'/.<%7<$7#0'*#-/0d%% % X%z%@<7+%*&s*<%C/'$%<9&-0>%0<<9<9d%% % {%z%[$%6/7%C)7C/'<% %

– *#5<*&0>%7<Y)&7<'%$"<%").#0%&0$<7@<0-/0% – #%C7<:&'<%.<#')7<%% – ')5L<:-@<k<_C<0'&@<k-.<%:/0').&0>%$#'R%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 41

  • !/7R'"/C%/0%;$#-'-:#*%A#:"&0<%G7#0'*#-/0%;:/7&0>%;:"<.#D%

– W%g%G"<%AG%/)$C)$%&'%&0:/.C7<"<0'&5*<V%F&$"%*&s*<%/7%0/%&06/7.#-/0% $7#0'6<77<9%#::)7#$<*+H%8$%:#00/$%5<%<9&$<9V%0<<9'%$/%5<%$7#0'*#$<9%67/.% ':7#$:"H% % – S%g%45/)$%UTr%gwTr%/6%$"<%AG%/)$C)$%0<<9'%$/%5<%<9&$<9H%8$%7<Y)&7<'%#% '&>0&[:#0$%<9&-0>%<Q/7$%&0%/79<7%$/%7<#:"%C)5*&'"#5*<%*<@<*H%% – X%g%45/)$%SUgUTr%/6%$"<%AG%/)$C)$%0<<9'%$/%5<%<9&$<9H%8$%:/0$#&0'% 9&Q<7<0$%<77/7'%#09%.&'$7#0'*#-/0'%$"#$%0<<9%$/%5<%:/77<:$<9H% % % – {%g%45/)$%WTgSUr%/6%$"<%AG%/)$C)$%0<<9'%$/%5<%<9&$<9H%8$%&'%><0<7#**+%:*<#7% #09%&0$<**&>&5*<H%% % – U%g%G"<%AG%/)$C)$%&'%C<76<:$*+%:*<#7%#09%&0$<**&>&5*<H%%8$%&'%0/$%0<:<''#7&*+%#% C<76<:$%$7#0'*#-/0V%5)$%7<Y)&7<'%*&s*<%$/%0/%<9&-0>H% %

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 42

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 43

  • ]/'$g,9&-0>%G&.<%

– -.<%1'<:/09'2%$/%C/'$g<9&$%#%'<0$<0:<% – 0/7.#*&b<9%@<7'&/0%&0%'<:/09'%C<7%F/79% – *&s*<%-.<%&.C*&<'%>//9%$7#0'*#-/0% – *#7><%-.<%&.C*&<'%5#9%$7#0'*#-/0%

  • O')#**+%&0:*)9<'D%

– 7<#9&0>%-.<% – '<#7:"%/6%&06/7.#-/0%/0%<_$<70#*%7<'/)7:<'% – $+C&0>%-.<% – <_$7#%-.<%6/7%'<:/09#7+%#:-@&$+%10/&'<2H%<H>H%:/77<:-/0%/6%"&'%F7&s<0% $<_$%%

  • E&>"%@#7&#5&*&$+%#:7/''%'<0$<0:<'%#09%$7#0'*#$/7'%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 44

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • #%>//9k5#9%$7#0'*#-/0%%!%0/$%>//9k5#9%6/7%#**%$7#0'*#$/7'%1'<<%%v2%
  • :/0'&9<7'%9&Q<7<0$%<Q/7$'%&0%$7#0'*#-0>%9&Q<7<0$%F/79'%
  • C7<'<0:<%/6%/)$*&<7'%

45

  • ]/'$g,9&-0>%G&.<%9<:#+'%<_C/0<0-#**+%6/7%'<0$<0:<'%

5<*/0>&0>%$/%$"<%'#.<%9/:).<0$%

– ]/'$g<9&$/7'%*<#70%9/:).<0$%$<7.&0/*/>+V%'$+*<V% <_C7<''&/0'V%I%9)7&0>%$"<%$7#0'*#-/0%C7/:<''%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 46

slide-24
SLIDE 24
  • G,M%1`2%
  • E).#0%$#7><$<9%G,M%&'%$"<%'$#09#79%<9&$%9&'$#0:<%5<$F<<0%

$"<%/7&>&0#*%.#:"&0<%$7#0'*#-/0%#09%&$'%.&0&.#**+%C/'$g <9&$<9%@<7'&/0%

– <9&$'D%&0'<7-/0V%9<*<-/0V%')5'-$)-/0V%'"&\%% – #$%'<0$<0:<%*<@<*%&0%$"<%C/'$g<9&-0>%':<0#7&/V%EG,M%&'% 0/7.#*&b<9%5+%&$'%*<0>$"%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

`%'<<%*<''/0%5+%A#)7/%Z<s/*/%

HTER = #edits # words_ postedited _version

47

TER = #edits avg_#of _ reference_ words

  • 40%<_#.C*<%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 48

slide-25
SLIDE 25

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 49 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • EG,MD%

– *<''%@#7&#0:<%#:7/''%9&Q<7<0$%C/'$g<9&$/7'D% – %#%>//9k5#9%$7#0'*#-/0%!%>//9k5#9%6/7%#**%$7#0'*#$/7'% – 8>0/7<%9&Q<7<0$%<Q/7$'%&0%$7#0'*#-0>%9&Q<7<0$%F/79'%% 1<H>H%'C<:&[:%F/79%&0%$"<%9/.#&0%.#+%7<Y)&7<%./7<%-.<%$/%5<%C/'$g<9&$<9%$"#0%#% 67<Y)<0$%F/792%

50

slide-26
SLIDE 26
  • ]7/%#09%Z/0'D%

– ]/'$g,9&-0>%,Q/7$%5#'<9%/0%#%C#7-:)*#7%':"<.#D%

  • ]7/D%$"<%./'$%C7<:&'<%.<#')7<%
  • Z/0'D%')5L<:-@<%#09%<_C<0'&@<%

– ]/'$g,9&-0>%G&.<D%

  • ]7/D%#5*<%$/%:#$:"%:/>0&-@<%<Q/7$'%1&H<H%Z<7$#&0%<9&$'%'<<.%$/%

7<Y)&7<%./7<%:/>0&-@<%<Q/7$%$"#0%/$"<7'2%

  • Z/0'D%"&>"%@#7&#5&*&$+%

– EG,MD%%

  • ]7/D%/5L<:-@<%.<#')7<%
  • ]7/D%<#'+%$/%5<%:/.C)$<9%
  • Z/0'D%0/$%#5*<%$/%:#$:"%:/>0&-@<%<Q/7$'%%%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 51 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • !"#$%&'%()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%1(,23%

– 4%5&$%/6%"&'$/7+% – ()#*&$+%809&:#$/7'% – ()#*&$+%;:/7<'% – =<#70&0>%4*>/7&$".'% – ?#$#'<$% – ,@#*)#-/0%A<$7&:'% – BC<0%8'')<'%

  • ()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%#$D%

– !/79%=<@<*% – ?/:).<0$%=<@<*%

  • E/F%:#0%F<%)'<%(,%&0%7<#*%#CC*&:#-/0'3%

52

slide-27
SLIDE 27
  • =<#70&0>%#*>/7&$".'%6/7D%

– 7<>7<''&/0D%C7<9&:$%7<#*%@#*)<'% – :*#''&[:#-/0D%C7<9&:$%&0$<><7%@#*)<'%1:#$<>/7+%*#5<*2% – 7#0R&0>D%C7<9&:$%$"<%7#0R%/6%#%'<$%/6%&$<.'%

  • P/$%#%:*<#7%<@&9<0:<%$"#$%/0<%/6%$"<.%&'%$"<%5<'$%#:7/''%9&Q<7<0$%9#$#'<$'%

#09%*#0>)#><%C#&7'%

  • A#&0%C7/5*<.'%$/%6#:<D%

– a7<#9#5*<f%./9<*% – /@<7[$%F&$"%'.#**%#./)0$%/6%9#$#%#09%*#7><%6<#$)7<%'<$%

  • %A/'$%C/C)*#7D%

– ;)CC/7$%o<:$/7%M<>7<''&/0%m;C<VWTn% – AU]%$7<<%15#'<9%/0%AU%#*>/7&$".2%m;/7VWTn% – ]#7-#*%=<#'$%;Y)#7<'%M<>7<''&/0%m;C<VTun%

% %

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 53 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • !"#$%&'%()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%1(,23%

– 4%5&$%/6%"&'$/7+% – ()#*&$+%809&:#$/7'% – ()#*&$+%;:/7<'% – =<#70&0>%4*>/7&$".'% – ?#$#'<$% – ,@#*)#-/0%A<$7&:'% – BC<0%8'')<'%

  • ()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%#$D%

– !/79%=<@<*% – ?/:).<0$%=<@<*%

  • E/F%:#0%F<%)'<%(,%&0%7<#*%#CC*&:#-/0'3%

54

slide-28
SLIDE 28
  • 4@#&*#5&*&$+%/6%9#$#%&'%#0%&.C/7$#0$%&'')<KK%

– ;.#**%0).5<7%/6%67<<*+%#@#&*#5*<%9#$#'<$'%% – =#5<*<9%F&$"%9&Q<7<0$%Y)#*&$+%':/7<'% – ?&Q<7<0$%*#0>)#><%C#&7'% – A/'$*+%67/.%P<F'%9/.#&0%%

  • ,4AGgTu%9#$#'<$%g%.#:"&0<%$7#0'*#-/0'%F&$"%").#0%

L)9>.<0$'%

– %WjVTTT%'<0$<0:<'%1.#:"&0<%$7#0'*#-/0k7<6<7<0:<% '<0$<0:<'2%C7/9):<9%5+%{%;AG%'+'$<.'% – Y)#*&$+%':/7<'%&0%#%hWg{i%':#*<%#'%>&@<0%C7/6<''&/0#*% $7#0'*#$/7'H% – p7g,0%#09%,0g,'%'<0$<0:<'%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 55

,4AG%Tu% ,4AG%WW% !AG%WS% =#0>)#><%]#&7'% p7g,0d%,0g,'% p7g,0d%,0g,'% ,0g,'% q%;<0$<0:<'% WjVTTT%67/.%% {%;AG'% WVTTT%,0g,'% SVUSU%p7g,0% SVSU{% ()#*&$+%;:/7<'% hWVHHHV{i% hWVIV{iV%],%G&.<V% EG<7% hWVIV%Ui% ;<0$<0:<%G+C<% $#7><$%#09% 7<6<7<0:<'% $#7><$V%C/'$g<9&$<9% #09%7<6<7<0:<'% $#7><$V%C/'$g<9&$<9% #09%7<6<7<0:<'%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 56

  • 4@#&*#5&*&$+%/6%9#$#%&'%#0%&.C/7$#0$%&'')<KK%

– ;.#**%0).5<7%/6%67<<*+%#@#&*#5*<%9#$#'<$'%% – =#5<*<9%F&$"%9&Q<7<0$%Y)#*&$+%':/7<'% – ?&Q<7<0$%*#0>)#><%C#&7'% – A/'$*+%67/.%P<F'%9/.#&0%%

slide-29
SLIDE 29
  • ,4AGgWW%9#$#'<$%g%.#:"&0<%$7#0'*#-/0'%F&$"%").#0%

L)9>.<0$'%#09%C/'$g<9&-/0'D%

– WVTTT%,0>*&'"g;C#0&'"%1,0g,'2%'<0$<0:<'% – SVUSU%p7<0:"g,0>*&'"%1p7g,02%'<0$<0:<'%% – hWg{i%Y)#*&$+%':/7<V%C/'$g<9&-0>%-.<V%#09%EG,M%':/7<%

  • !AGgWS%9#$#'<$%g%.#:"&0<%$7#0'*#-/0'%F&$"%").#0%

L)9>.<0$'%#09%C/'$g<9&-/0'D%%

– SVSU{%,0>*&'"g;C#0&'"%1,0g,'2%'<0$<0:<'% – hWgUi%Y)#*&$+%':/7<%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 57

  • !AGgWX%9#$#'<$%g%.#:"&0<%$7#0'*#-/0'%F&$"%

").#0%L)9>.<0$'%#09%C/'$g<9&-/0'%%

– ./7<%$"#0%SVSU{%,0>*&'"g;C#0&'"%1,0g,'2%'<0$<0:<'% – hWgUi%Y)#*&$+%':/7<%

– P<F%$#'R'D%

  • ]7<9&:-0>%]/'$g,9&-0>%G&.<D%./7<%$"#0%vTT%'<0$<0:<'%

F&$"%7<*#-@<%C/'$g<9&-0>%-.<%

  • !/79g*<@<*%(,D%./7<%$"#0%vTT%'<0$<0:<'%F&$"%Y)#*&$+%

#00/$#-/0%#$%F/79%*<@<*%%%%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 58

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • !"#$%&'%()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%1(,23%

– 4%5&$%/6%"&'$/7+% – ()#*&$+%809&:#$/7'% – ()#*&$+%;:/7<'% – =<#70&0>%4*>/7&$".'% – ?#$#'<$% – ,@#*)#-/0%A<$7&:'% – BC<0%8'')<'%

  • ()#*&$+%,'-.#-/0%#$D%

– !/79%=<@<*% – ?/:).<0$%=<@<*%

  • E/F%:#0%F<%)'<%(,%&0%7<#*%#CC*&:#-/0'3%

59

  • 4**%$"<%&0>7<9&<0$'%6/7%5)&*9&0>%#%Y)#*&$+%<'-.#$/7D%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

– ()#*&$+%809&:#$/7'D%|)<0:+V%#9<Y)#:+V%I% – ()#*&$+%;:/7<'D%],%<Q/7$V%EG,MV%I% – =<#70&0>%4*>/7&$".'D%7<>7<''&/0V%:*#''&[:#-/0V%I% – ?#$#'<$D%!AG%STWSV%,4AG%STWWV%I%

  • E/F%9/%F<%<@#*)#$<%$"<%C<76/7.#0:<%/6%/)7%Y)#*&$+%

<'-.#$/73%

60

slide-31
SLIDE 31
  • M<>7<''&/0D%%

– A<#0%45'/*)$<%,77/7%1A4,2% – M//$%A<#0%;Y)#7<9%,77/7%1MA;,2%

  • }&@<0%#%'<$%/6%C7<9&:$<9%':/7<'%!%#09%#%'<$%/6%").#0%':/7<'%"#

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

MAE = H(si) "V(si)

i=1 N

#

N RMSE = (H(si) "V(si))2

i=1 N

#

N

61

  • Z*#''&[:#-/0D%%

– ]7<:&'&/0%1]72% – M<:#**%1M<2% – 6%~':/7<%1pW2%

  • }&@<0%#%'<$%/6%C7<9&:$<9%':/7<'%!%#09%#%'<$%/6%").#0%':/7<'%"#
  • 40%<_#.C*<%6/7%5&0#7+%:*#''&[:#-/0%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

  • %

W% gW% E% W% G7)<%]/'&-@<% p#*'<%]/'&-@<% gW% p#*'<%P<>#-@<% G7)<%P<>#-@<%

Pr = tp tp + fp Re = tp tp + fn F1 = 2 " Pr" Re Pr+ Re

62

slide-32
SLIDE 32
  • ;C<#7.#0y'%M#0R%Z/<J:&<0$%
  • ?<*$#%4@<7#><%1&0$7/9):<9%#$%!AG%STWS2%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 63

E% "&% 'W% XHS% X% 'S% W% U% 'X% U% W% '{% SHw% {% 'U% {% S%

  • %

@&% 'W% U% W% 'S% W% U% 'X% {% S% '{% S% {% 'U% X% X%

System Rank Human Rank

M#0R%;&.&*#7&$+%A<$7&:%

  • M#0R&0>D%%
  • ;C<#7.#0y'%7#0R%:/<J:&<0$%12%
  • }&@<0%#%'<$%/6%C7<9&:$<9%':/7<'V%!$%#09%#%'<$%/6%").#0%':/7<'%"D%

% % % % % F"<7<%"&%7<C7<'<0$'%$"<%7#0R%/6%'<0$<0:<%'&%&0%EV%@&%7<C7<'<0$'% $"<%7#0R%/6%'<0$<0:<%'&2%&0%o%#09%% % % %#7<%$"<%#@<7#><% C/'&-/0'%&0%C7<'<0:<%/6%-<'H%%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

" = (hi # h )(vi # v )

i=1 N

$

(hi # h )2 (vi # v )2

i=1 N

$

i=1 N

$

h and v

64

slide-33
SLIDE 33
  • 80%:#'<%/6%#5'<0:<%/6%C#&7'D%
  • >&@<0%#%'<$%/6%C7<9&:$<9%':/7<'V%!$%#09%#%'<$%/6%").#0%':/7<'%"D%

% % % F"<7<%"&%7<C7<'<0$'%$"<%7#0R%/6%'<0$<0:<%'&%&0%E%#09%F"<7<%@&% 7<C7<'<0$'%$"<%7#0R%/6%'<0$<0:<%'&%&0%oH%%

  • %7#0><'%5<$F<<0%W%#09%gWH%%%%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

" =1# 6 (hi # vi)2

i=1 N

$

n(n2 #1)

65

  • ,_#.C*<D%
  • "&%7#0R%/6%'<0$<0:<%'&%&0%$"<%'<$%E%
  • @&%7#0R%/6%'<0$<0:<%'&%&0%$"<%'<$%o%%
  • 9&%9&Q<7<0:<%5<$F<<0%"&%#09%@&%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

E% "&% o% @&% 9&% 9&

S %

'W% XHS% X% U% W% gS% {% 'S% W% U% W% U% T% T% 'X% U% W% {% S% gW% W% '{% SHw% {% S% {% T% T% 'U% {% S% X% X% gW% W%

" =1# 6 di

2

$

5(52 #1) =1# 6*6 5(24) = 0.7

66

slide-34
SLIDE 34
  • ?<*$#4@<7#><D%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

E% "&% 'W% XHS% X% 'S% W% U% 'X% U% W% '{% SHw% {% 'U% {% S%

67

  • %

@&% 'W% U% W% 'S% W% U% 'X% {% S% '{% S% {% 'U% X% X%

  • ?<*$#4@<7#><D%

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

E% "&% 'W% XHS% X% 'S% W% U% 'X% U% W% '{% SHw% {% 'U% {% S%

68

  • %

@&% 'W% U% W% 'S% W% U% 'X% {% S% '{% S% {% 'U% X% X%

Sc(S1) = 4 + 3 2 = 3.5 Sc(V) = 5 + 4 + 3+ 2 +1 5 = 3 DeltaAvg(1) = 3.5 " 3 = 0.5

slide-35
SLIDE 35
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

DeltaAvg[n] = Sc(S1,k)

k=1 n"1

#

n "1 " Sc(S)

69

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

`%6/7%./7<%9<$#&*%'<<%mZ#*VWSn%

70

slide-36
SLIDE 36
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 71 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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72

slide-37
SLIDE 37
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 73

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 74

slide-38
SLIDE 38

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 76

slide-39
SLIDE 39
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 77

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 78

slide-40
SLIDE 40

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 80

slide-41
SLIDE 41
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 81

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 82

SentenceScore =QE prediction " relevanceranking

slide-42
SLIDE 42

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK

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83 Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 84

slide-43
SLIDE 43
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 85

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 86

slide-44
SLIDE 44

Marco Turchi turchi@fbk.eu

Statistical Machine Translation - ICT Doctoral School – 19 March 2013

Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 87

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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 88

slide-45
SLIDE 45
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Quality Estimation – Turchi, FBK 89