Y L NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR N O DISASTER RISK REDUCTION W IN - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN INDONESIA

Ruswandi Ruswandi Tahrir Tahrir ( (ruswandi@bakornaspb.go.id ruswandi@bakornaspb.go.id) ) Director of Prevention Director of Prevention National Coordinating Agency for Disaster National Coordinating Agency for Disaster Managment Managment ( (Bakornas Bakornas PB) PB) INDONESIA INDONESIA Future Directions in Indonesian Disaster Risk Management Future Directions in Indonesian Disaster Risk Management Taipeh Taipeh, May 9 , May 9 th

th 2007

2007

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GENERAL CONDITION GENERAL CONDITION

• Indonesia is situated at a juncture of four major world tectonic

plates; the Asian Plate, Indian Ocean Plate, Australian Plate and Pacific Ocean Flat

• Located on crossing three mountain systems: Alpine Sundae,

Circum Pacific and Circum Australia

• More than 500 volcanoes in which 128 volcanoes are still

eruptions

• Consist of about 220 million inhabitants, unevenly distribution

with made up of a mix ethnicities, community groups, religious denominations, customs and traditions

• 383 out of 440 districts/cities considered as prone areas, which

contributing from: high number of population, high density areas with unevenly population distribution, high income disparity, decrease of building coverage

• Most of river banks are used as low-income squatter area with

high population density

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GENERAL CONDITION GENERAL CONDITION

• Indonesia is the 7th rank of the countries most hits by natural

disaster in 2005 (the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction 2006 – 2009, World Disaster Reduction Campaign, UNESCO)

• Within the last 3 years, Indonesia has experienced various

significant disasters:

Disaster Event Date Number Killed/ House destroyed Damage & Losses (US $ ) Tsunami Aceh December 2004 165,708 people killed 4,450 Million Earthquake Yogya – Central Java May 2006 5,716 people killed / 156,662 housings 3,134 Million Tsunami Pangandaran – West Java July 2006 645 people killed / 1,908 housings 138.7 Million Flood Jakarta February 2007 145,742 housings damaged 967 Million

(incl. indirect economic losses)

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MAJOR ISSUES AND PROBLEMS MAJOR ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

LACK OF MANAGEMENT AND PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION

• Delay in the management of emergency response
• Lack of coordination in planning and programming for

post- disaster recovery

• Institutional framework is more focus on emergency

response, rather than post-disaster recovery

• Funding more emphasizes on emergency response

LACK OF UNDERSTANDING IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LACK OF UNDERSTANDING IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

• Lack of understanding in the preparation of disaster

preparedness and risk reduction

• Lack of institutional performance in the management of risk

reduction

• Lack of planning and programming for risk reduction
• Lack of incorporating risk disaster mitigation into spatial plans

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NEW PARADIGM NEW PARADIGM IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• 1. Recognizing the right for dignified life and

livelihood and that the government responsible to ensure the protection from disaster, which is essence is avoidable, with no risks creation in recovery process 2.Reducing disaster risk factors from unsustainable development practices that are worsened by the impact of climate changes 3.Being accountable to the risk community and/or disaster-affected community and sensitivity to gender, participatory, equity and justice perspectives

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NEW PARADIGM NEW PARADIGM IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Emergency Response Risk Reduction Centralize Local Autonomy Participatory Proactive Government Reactive

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NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR DPRR NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR DPRR (2006 (2006 – – 2009) 2009)

• National Action Plan (NAP) for Disaster Preparedness and

Risk Reduction (DPRR) has been launched early 2007

• NAP specifies platforms, priorities, action plans and

mechanisms pertaining to the implementation and institutional basis of disaster management in Indonesia

• NAP elaborates interests and responsibilities of all

stakeholders where identified through a participatory coordination process and in line with the Hyogo Framework for Action

• NAP provides guidelines and information that will facilitate

decision makers to pledge commitment to cross-sector and jurisdictional priority programs based on a strong and systematic foundations

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PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

1 Global Platform

1. UN Resolutions; (a) raising community awareness, (b) ensuring the government’s commitment, (c) engaging community participation, and (d) reducing economic and social losses 2. Yokohama Strategy. It focuses on (a) systematic efforts to incorporate DRR into sustainable development, and (b) efforts to increase community resilience through capacity building for managing and reducing disaster risks 3. The Hyogo Framework for Action. Adopts strategic goals; (a) sustainable development policies, planning, and programming at all levels with emphasis on disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness and vulnerability reduction, (b) development and strengthening of institutions, mechanism, and capacities at all levels, particularly community level, and (c) systematic incorporation of risk reduction approach into the design and implementation of emergency preparedness, response and recovery programme.

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PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

2 Regional Platform

• 1. The Beijing Action Plan; (a) all Asian countries agree to

make a disaster risk reduction plan as an immediate priority, (b) Regional cooperation in DRR in Asia supported by existing regional and sub-regional agencies and institutions

3 National Platform

1. The National Middle-term Development Plan (RPJM); programme and activities related to DRR are generally developed independently by different sectors 2. The Government’s Work Plan (RKP). In Law No 13/2005 on State Revenue and Expenditure Budget for fiscal year 2006 allocates budget for implementing Natural Disaster Management Policy through (a) enhancement of natural disaster mitigation and climate forecasting, (b) spatial planning and natural resource protection zoning, including disaster-prone areas in coastal and sea areas, and (c) development of a natural disaster management system and early warning system (EWS) In RKP for 2007 (through Presidential Regulation No.19/2006) two key targets; (a) continue and completion post-disaster in Aceh, Nias etc, and (b) completion of emergency response, rehabilitation and reconstruction affected by disasters in other regions

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5 PRIORITY ACTIVITIES 5 PRIORITY ACTIVITIES IN NAP IN NAP -

• DRR 2006

DRR 2006-

• 2009

2009

1. Ensure that DRR is a national and local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation 2. Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning system 3. Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all level; 4. Reduce underlying risk factors; and 5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all level

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IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENTATION

• 1. Mechanism

Medium-term Programs

(stipulated in NAP)

Annual Activities Annual Gov’t Work Plan

Relevant line ministries and local governments Regulation or Presidential Instruction

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IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENTATION

• 2. Institutional Arrangement
• Build a network among government institutions,

local governments, private sectors, civil society and other relevant stakeholders

• Civil society will be involved in the institutional

arrangement and disaster risk reduction mechanism at all levels of the government

• 3. Funding
• State budget
• Local budget
• Private sectors and/or community
• Regional and international donors

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IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENTATION

• 4. Indicators

1 General

• Number of survivors in the event of disaster
• Lower number of injured victims
• Significant decrease of percentage communities

affected by a disaster

• Percentage of affected population counted after a

certain span time after a disaster

• The availability of building and land codes
• Capacity of emergency response

2 Resilience against Disaster

• Distribution of income levels
• Level of education
• Level of use of medical services
• Level of employment
• Availability and resilience of housing
• Birth of mortality rate of social groups
• Quality of life
• Survival
• Environmental resilience
• Local economic resilience

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IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENTATION

• 4. Indicators

3 Geographical Aspects

• a. The National Disaster Risk Index measures a country’s

level of disaster risks by looking into disaster indicators, physical indicators and society’s social economic resilience b.The National Disaster Resilience Index, measures capacities for disaster risk management (DRM), institutional capacities, attention to disaster risks, funding availability and emergency response preparedness 4 DRR Policy and Implementation DRR Policy Implementation and the implementation of activities support the success of disaster risk reduction initiatives

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COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING AND FUNDING COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING AND FUNDING FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

Preparedness / Risk Reduction (Pre-disaster)

Developing Early Warning System (EWS) in prone areas (including dissemination EWS to community) Community awareness for disaster preparedness Capacity building to institutions for disaster management (coordination & immediate response)

Line Ministry budgets

Mapping prone areas (earthquake, land sliding, flood, volcanoes, weather disaster)

Bakosurtanal, BPPT BPPT, LIPI, BMG, MoT Bakornas PB, MoHA Bakornas PB, MoHA

Responsible parties

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COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING AND FUNDING COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING AND FUNDING FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

Disaster Recovery (Post-disaster)

Traumatic recovery and recovery on

• ther derive impacts

Public infrastructure reconstruction Social facilities, economic infrastructures and institutional reconstruction

Line Ministry budgets and/or MA 69

Emergency Response to casualties

Bakornas, MoHealth, MoSocial MoHealth, MoSocial, MoEducation

• MoPW. MoT, MoEnergy

MPW, MoEnergy, MoAgriculture, MoFishery, MoForestry,MoT

Responsible parties

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• SATLINMAS PBP – Disaster

and evacuation management unit at kelurahan level

• P3K – First aid treatment unit

(Community Health Center, PKK, Karang Taruna)

• TANDU – Distribution of

emergency supply unit

• Evacuation – Evacuation unit
• Emergency Kitchen
• CARAKA – Information unit

(Karang Taruna)

• SAR – Search and Rescue

unit

• PIONIR – Pioneering unit
• PAM – Security unit
• SATGAS PBP – Disaster and

evacuation management unit at sub-district level

• SATLAK PBP – Disaster and

evacuation management unit at municipal level

Community Based Disaster Management System Community Based Disaster Management System

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THE WAY FORWARD THE WAY FORWARD

• Increase effectiveness of spatial plans in order to reduce

disaster risk

• Improve knowledge and participation of community and

community based organizations (CBOs) in disaster preparedness and risk reduction

• Improve performance on disaster management both in

emergency response and in recovery stage

• Improve in programming and planning for disaster

preparedness & risk mitigation, and post-disaster

• Enhance institutional capacity and funding in risk reduction

and post-disaster stage

• Increase disaster preparedness
• Provide capacity building of provincial and local

governments

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