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A RCHITECTURAL S TRUCTURES : Connections F ORM, B EHAVIOR, AND D ESIGN ARCH 331 needed to: D R. A NNE N ICHOLS support beams by columns S PRING 2018 connect truss members lecture splice beams or columns twenty one transfer

  1. A RCHITECTURAL S TRUCTURES : Connections F ORM, B EHAVIOR, AND D ESIGN ARCH 331 • needed to: D R. A NNE N ICHOLS – support beams by columns S PRING 2018 – connect truss members lecture – splice beams or columns twenty one • transfer load • subjected to – tension or compression steel construction: – shear nrmc.org – bending bolts, welds & light gages Steel Bolts & Welding 1 Architectural Structures F2009abn Steel Bolts & Welding 2 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Bolts Welds • bolted steel connections • welded steel connections http://courses.civil.ualberta.ca http://courses.civil.ualberta.ca Steel Bolts & Welding 3 Foundations Structures F2008abn Steel Bolts & Welding 4 Foundations Structures F2008abn (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 1

  2. Bolts Bolted Connection Design • types • considerations – materials – bearing stress • high strength • yielding • A307, A325, A490 – shear stress – location of threads • single & double • included - N – member • excluded - X • rupture – bearing or friction (SC) • always tightened Steel Bolts & Welding 5 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Steel Bolts & Welding 6 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Bolts Bolts • rarely fail in bearing • holes considered 1/8” larger R • shear & tension    R n R R  a u v n  v  0 . 75 – single shear or tension R  F A n n b – double shear  2 R F A n n b Steel Bolts & Welding 7 Foundations Structures Su2011abn http://www.fastenal.com Steel Bolts & Welding 8 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Lecture 18 ARCH 331 2

  3. Bolts Bolts R • bearing    R n R R  a u n   0 . 75 – deformation is concern   R 1 . 2 L tF 2 . 4 dtF n c u u – deformation isn’t concern   R 1 . 5 L tF 3 . 0 dtF n c u u – long slotted holes   R 1 . 0 L tF 2 . 0 dtF n c u u L c – clear length to edge or next hole (ex. 1¼”, 3”) Steel Bolts & Welding 9 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Steel Bolts & Welding 10 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Welded Connection Design Welded Connection Design • weld terms • considerations – butt weld – shear stress – fillet weld – yielding – plug weld – rupture – throat • field welding • shop welding (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) Steel Bolts & Welding 12 Foundations Structures F2008abn Steel Bolts & Welding 11 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 3

  4. Welded Connection Design Welded Connection Design • shear failure assumed • weld process • throat – melting of material – T = 0.707 x weld size – melted filler - electrode • area – shielding gas / flux – A = T x length of weld – potential defects • weld metal generally • weld materials stronger than base – E60XX metal (ex. F y = 50 ksi) – E70XX F EXX = 70 ksi Steel Bolts & Welding 14 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Steel Bolts & Welding 13 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Welded Connection Design Welded Connection Design • minimum R • shear    R n R R  a – table u n   0 . 75 • maximum   R 0 . 6 F Tl Sl – material thickness ( to ¼”) n EXX – 1/16” less area • min. length – table for  S – 4 x size min. – ≥ 1 ½” Steel Bolts & Welding 15 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Steel Bolts & Welding 16 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Lecture 18 ARCH 331 4

  5. Framed Beam Connections Framed Beam Connections • terms • angles – coping – bolted – welded (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) Steel Bolts & Welding 18 Foundations Structures F2008abn Steel Bolts & Welding 17 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Framed Beam Connections Framed Beam Connections • tables for standard • welded example (shear) bolt sizes & spacings • # bolts • bolt diameter, angle leg thickness • bearing on beam web (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) Steel Bolts & Welding 19 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Steel Bolts & Welding 20 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 5

  6. Framed Beam Connections Framed Beam Connections • welded moment example • welded/bolted moment example (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) Steel Bolts & Welding 21 Foundations Structures F2008abn Steel Bolts & Welding 22 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Framed Beam Connections Beam Connections • welded/bolted moment example • LRFD provisions – shear yielding – shear rupture – block shear rupture – tension yielding – tension rupture – local web buckling – lateral torsional buckling (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) Steel Bolts & Welding 23 Foundations Structures F2008abn Steel Bolts & Welding 24 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 6

  7.   Beam Connections Other Connections 0 . 75     • seated beam R 0 . 6 F A U F A 0 . 6 F A U F A n u nv bs u nt y gv bs u nt • continuous – where U bs is 1 for uniform tensile stress – beam to column – beam to beam block shear rupture tension rupture Steel Bolts & Welding 25 Foundations Structures Su2011abn Steel Bolts & Welding 26 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 18 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Other Connections Other Connections • splices • rigid frame knees • gussets & joints (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) The Royal Ontario Museum Toronto . Canada Daniel Libeskind (AISC - Steel Structures of the Everyday) http://courses.civil.ualberta.ca Steel Bolts & Welding 28 Foundations Structures F2008abn Steel Bolts & Welding 27 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 Lecture 21 ARCH 331 7

  8. Other Connections • base plates – anchor bolts – bearing on steel – bending of plate http://courses.civil.ualberta.ca Steel Bolts & Welding 29 Foundations Structures F2008abn Lecture 21 ARCH 331 8

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