TIGER T ogether I P , G MPLS and E thernet R econsidered Carrier Ethernet: Identifying and Avoiding Remaining Stumbling Blocks Euroview 2008 - Wurzburg, July 21-22, 2008 The TIGER Consortium Project Coordinator: Nicolas Le Sauze (Alcatel-Lucent France) Presenter: Dimitri Papadimitriou (Alcatel-Lucent Bell) <dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
TIGER Outline Introduction (CELTIC TIGER Project) Problem statement: Motivations and Research challenges Carrier Ethernet technologies - Positioning Carrier Ethernet technologies - Performance benchmarking Carrier Ethernet technologies - Cost benchmarking Deployment scenarios Main research directions 2 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
TIGER CELTIC TIGER Project Who we are ? � 1 operator � 3 equipment vendors Orange – FT group � 2 SMEs involved in ICT business � 2 research institutes � 2 universities Duration : 2 1/2 Year (March’05-June’08) Our objectives ? Propose solutions for a better coordination between IP and Ethernet Propose solutions for a better coordination between IP and Ethernet technologies to address the Metro Ethernet growing market technologies to address the Metro Ethernet growing market Evaluate by experimentation (simulation and emulation) benefits of the Evaluate by experimentation (simulation and emulation) benefits of the proposed solutions with regard to existing technologies on the market proposed solutions with regard to existing technologies on the market 3 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
TIGER Motivations 1. Metro = strategic link between access & core � Traffic increase (amount & rate): 50-70% � Progressive bottleneck (capacity and service) � New constraints: � Large amount of traffic (variable) � Aggregation close to final users � Flexible resource allocation 2. Ethernet increasingly attracting service providers' for metro networks � Ethernet HSI together with CAPEX reduction (1GbE, 10GbE and by 2010, 100 GbE) � Multi-service edge routers interconnection (EPL, EVPL, EPLan, EVPLan) � Aggregation technology of choice in metro networks (supposedly low cost) 3 . Unsuitable and complex architecture inheritance � Not adapted to existing infrastructure (SDH, ATM/FR, etc.) � Lack of interoperability, complexity, and too expensive (OPEX e.g. static config) ⇒ New network technology & architecture: Carrier Ethernet New service and operational needs: Key differentiators in terms of CAPEX & OPEX Source: European Commission Sixth 4 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008 Framework Integrated Project BROADWAN
TIGER Challenges Two groups of Carrier Ethernet solutions: Ethernet centric (PBB, PBB-TE, etc.) and IP/MPLS centric (PW/MPLS, MPLS-TP, etc.) – Which orientation ? Ethernetization of MPLS -or- MPLSization of Ethernet ? – Does one size fits all ? – Scaling, cost/functionality, cost/gain, & cost/performance ratio ? Paradox : moving Ethernet "networking" properties (associated to LAN / campus) toward metro networks - but also core - would definitely transform intrinsic nature of Ethernet ⇒ Improvements required to address carrier class requirements e.g. scalability, traffic engineering, recoverability, and manageability Management Management Provisioning Provisioning Provisioning Provisioning (Forwarding Components) (Policy, etc) (Forwarding Components) (TE data paths, re-routing, etc) Control (GMPLS) Forwarding Control (MSTP) Forwarding Spanning Tree, Learning, Filtering Forwarding control 5 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
TIGER Carrier Ethernet Technologies - Positioning Bridged Ethernet Bridged Ethernet LAN/Campus LAN/Campus (PB/B - 802.1d/.1q) (PB/B - 802.1d/.1q) Carrier Ethernet: Carrier Ethernet: 1. Adapt forwarding components 1. Adapt forwarding components (for Ethernet switching) (for Ethernet switching) 2. Depart from IEEE 802.1 (xSTP) 2. Depart from IEEE 802.1 (xSTP) VLAN Bridged VLAN Bridged Scalability Access Access (PB - 802.1q/.1ad) (PB - 802.1q/.1ad) control components control components � Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol � Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol 5km → Constraint-based routing for → Constraint-based routing for TE data path establishment TE data path establishment Metro Network Metro Network � Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol � Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Switched Ethernet VLAN Bridged + → Fast Re-routing VLAN Bridged + → Fast Re-routing PBB-TE PBB-TE MiM encaspulation MiM encaspulation � MAC learning (flooding) � MAC learning (flooding) IP Control Plane (PB/B -802.1ah/.1ad (PB/B -802.1ah/.1ad Ethernet Label Switching → discovery (link state routing Ethernet Label Switching → discovery (link state routing xSTP / 802.1 control plane lacks CG features such as TE, recovery, etc. protocol) protocol) 50-100km Carrier grade 6 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
TIGER Which native carrier Ethernet technology Techno Pro’s Con’s xSTP Widely available in non-carrier environments Scalability and performance because of MAC frame lookup, flooding and learning xSTP -> Lack of TE and fast-re-routing / fast- convergence (O(10-100ms)) PBB Forwarding Independent of client MAC address xSTP -> Lack of TE and fast-re-routing / fast- (MAC tunnels) convergence (O(10-100ms)) No VID space limitation (as service delimiter) Relies on MAC frame lookup, flooding and learning OAM (802.1ag) Complex MAC frame processing at edges (PBBN) PBB-TE Same as PBB No local/segment fast re-routing (re-merging is impossible) + Traffic engineering (point-to-point) Complex MAC frame processing at edges (PBBN) + Mis-merge traffic is not propagated Requires shared forwarding (multiplexing) to prevent limitation of 4K data paths per destination Intermediate nodes require upgrades Support of multicast comes with additional complexity (G)ELS Link-state routing protocol May require label merging usage (to circumvent per link label space limited to 4K) Traffic engineering (p2p and p2mp) Single level trunking technology (not a limitation when Both end-to-end & local/segment fast re-routing used within single domain) Simple processing at network edges 7 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
TIGER (G)ELS – Technology Ethernet Ethernet MAC frame MAC frame Source E-LSE E-LSR E-LSE Dest Control Control Control Source Dest. S-VID S-VID S-VID Ethernet MAC MAC Router Router push LSP swap pop � Topology : single domain � Establish and maintain Ethernet LSP (Label Switch path) using the VID though E-LSR � Data path : p2p, p2mp � VID is translated at each LSR, VID is link local � Mode/Fwd : switch/S-VLAN ID (S-VID) � Control plane and OAM using ( IETF tools: � OAM : BFD (native) GMPLS protocol suite and BFD ) � Service boundary/Type : none ELS Building Blocks ELS Building Blocks � Properties : Control component � VID translation (swap operation) is standard (802.1Q) RSVP-TE RSVP-TE OSPF-TE GMPLS OSPF-TE � EtherType (-> new features can be easily introduced) � MAC address independent forwarding BFD Ethernet Ethernet 802.1ad (S-VID � Switching : 4096 paths per link 802.1ad (S-VID translation) translation) Forwarding component 8 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
TIGER MTN – Technology MTN MPLS Network Network T-LDP T-LDP T-LDP MTN “PW” MPLS PW N:1 N:1 MTN “tunnel” MPLS tunnel MPLS tunnel GMPLS RSVP-TE RSVP-TE/LDP � Topology : multi-domain � Establish and maintain MTN LSP (Label Switch path) using the label swapping � Data path : p2p, p2mp � PW/MTN Label is swapped at each PE/LSR � Mode/Fwd : switch/label � Control plane ( IETF tools: GMPLS protocol � OAM : Transport-centric OAM (G.8114-like) suite with ASON extensions ) � Service boundary/Type : PW label/Multi-Services � Properties : MPLS based (but decoupled from IP) � Open points : � Addressing � Make MPLS a layer 2 technology is challenging � Interworking PW/MPLS 9 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
TIGER TIGER Solutions TIGER focused on defining and completing two new technologies: ELS (Ethernet Label Switching) and MTN (MPLS for Transport Networks) MTN Innovation Space MTN Innovation Space MTN Innovation Space � Adaptation of GMPLS and ASON � Adaptation of GMPLS and ASON control protocols control protocols � Enhanced provisioning abilities � Enhanced provisioning abilities for pseudo-wires including for pseudo-wires including TE capabilities (incl. data path provisioning multicast support multicast support and recovery) � Transport-centric OAM (G.8114- � Transport-centric OAM (G.8114- Use and take advantage of local labelling like) MTN ELS like) Forwarding decision in transit LSRs independent of technology addressing ELS Innovation Space ELS Innovation Space schemes (e.g. MAC DAs) ELS Innovation Space � Multi-class and multi-traffic data � Multi-class and multi-traffic data path based on Ethernet LSP path based on Ethernet LSP capabilities capabilities � Label merging to elevate label � Label merging to elevate label value space limitation value space limitation � BFD adapted to Ethernet needs � BFD adapted to Ethernet needs (no dedicated hardware as with (no dedicated hardware as with IEEE 802.1ag) IEEE 802.1ag) 10 | TIGER - Euroview 2008 (Wurzburg) - July 21-22, 2008
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