THESIS THESIS PERSONAL ENERGY HARVESTING Harvested Energy A - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A person is generang energy during a day life acvity, an energy that can be transformed into electricity and can be served for human needs. However, people prefer to create energy by exploding tons of Carbon Dioxide into the sphere and waste Earth resources. As of now, we already have created huge cies like New York, Moscow, and Tokyo that consist of a huge populaon (cizens plus enormous number of tourists that are coming each year). Those cies have already developed their transportaon systems and their infrastructure which makes them so successful and aracve for new comers. They are producing a lot of energy on a daily basis. This energy should be interesng for engineers and architects because it can and needs to be realized in a good way to support and serve people’s needs. I believe that we can sustain buildings with ability to harvest energy produced by people.

PERSONAL ENERGY HARVESTING

THESIS THESIS

Harvested Energy

INFORMATION

THESIS THESIS

Energy is everywhere in the environment surrounding us — available in the form of thermal energy, light (solar) energy, wind energy, and mechanical energy. However, the energy from these sources is often found in such minute quantities that it cannot supply adequate power for any viable purpose. In fact, until recently, it has not been possible to capture such energy sufficiently to perform any useful work.

Common Sources of Energy Harvesting  Mechanical Energy – from sources such as vibration, mechanical stress and strain  Thermal Energy – waste energy from furnaces, heaters, and friction sources  Light Energy – captured from sunlight or room light via photo sensors, photo diodes, or solar panels  Electromagnetic Energy – from inductors, coils and transformers  Natural Energy – from the environment such as wind, water flow, ocean currents, and solar  Human Body – a combination of mechanical and thermal energy naturally generated from bio-

• rganisms or through actions such as walking and sitting

 Other Energy – from chemical and biological sources

Harvested Energy

SYSTEMS

ENERGY HARVESING ENERGY HARVESING

An energy harvesting system generally requires an energy source such as vibration, heat, light or air flow and three other key electronic components, including: 

An Energy conversion device such as a piezoelectric element that can translate the energ electrical form



An energy harvesting module that captures, stores and manages power for the device



An End application such as a ZigBee

• enable wireless sensor network or control and mon

devices. Ambient light, thermal gradients, vibration/motion or electromagnetic radiation can be harvested to power Energy Harvesting (EH) designs that convert the rela- tively low levels of energy into an amount that can pro- below shows the major components of an autonomous wireless sensor which are the EH transducer, Energy Processing, Sensor, Microcontroller and the Wireless stage that must be addressed for successful EH imple- mentations: Energy Conversion, Energy Storage, and Power Management.

Harvested Energy

HEAT PRODUCTION

PEOPLE

The amount of heat produced by a human body depends on the individuals, their weight, and their level of activity. The total amount of heat produced

• ver a period of time is equal to the total calories

consumed minus any useful mechanical work perfomed. Average 2400 kilocalories per day Average 100 kilocalories per hour 116 Watts Sleeping 80 Watts Sleeping 80 Watts Awake/sitting 116 Watts Sprinting 1.6 KWatts

Vo is the output voltage in volts axy is the differential Seebeck coefficient between the two materials, x and y, in volts/

• K

Th and Tc are the hot and cold thermocouple temperatures, respectively, in

• K

Qc or Qh=pxy x I pxy is the differential Peltier coefficient between the two materials, x and y, in volts I is the electric current flow in amperes Qc, Qh is the rate of cooling and heating, respectively, in watts Joule heating, having a magnitude of I x R (where R is the electrical resistance), also occurs in the conductors as a result of current flow. This Joule heating effect acts in opposition to the Peltier effect and causes a net reduction of the available cooling. When an electric current is passed through a conductor having a temperature gradient

• ver its length, heat will be either absorbed by or expelled from the conductor. Whether heat is absorbed or expelled

SEEBECK EFFECT PELTIER EFFECT: THOMSON EFFECT:

HEATECHNOLOGY

TECHNOLOGY

MECHANICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION

PEOPLE

Breathing - .42 W Blood Preasure - .37 W Exhalation - .40 W Footsteps - 5.0 W

Israel Highway 4

Inowaech Firm

Edri-Azoulay stated:

• single traffi

c lane can produce 200 kilowa s per kilometer of asphald road

• four lanes can produce

megowa for the same distance

• enough to power 2500 house-

holds

http://www54.homepage.villanova.edu/michael.erwin/index.htm

Case Study # 1: Inductor

Slug Velocity: 1.3 m/s Number of turns: 100,000 Total Length: 8 cm Coil Diameter: 2 cm Current Produced: 0.015 amps Inductor Piezo strips circuit

Case Study # 2: Windmill

Bellows Dimensions: 2.5 cm x 1.3 cm x 5 cm Bellows Nozzle Diameter: 0.5 cm Air Velocity: 19 m/s Turbine Speed: 4 RPMs Turbine Piezo strips circuit

MECHANICAL ENERGY HARVESTING

TECHNOLOGY

RESEARCH#1 RESEARCH#2 Senior Design Project of 5 Students Attending Villanova University.

http://www.haaretz.com/news/israeli-s c-into-electricity-1.6588

Insulation & Sound Absorption

Sound travels as pressure waves through the air. Sound insulation is the resistance to sound; in this absorption converts the sound to energy or allows it to pass through.

SOUND AND AIR PREASURE

PEOPLE

Map Overlay; Manhattan

Taxi Density; Manhattan Legend

Taxi Concentration Low Medium High

http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pd

N

Manhattan, New York City

Aboveground Transit Circulation; Hell’s Kitchen

Legend

Study Area Parcels Truck Routes Bus Routes Bike Paths

http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pdf

N

Manhattan, New York City

Underground Transit Circulation; Hell’s Kitchen

34th Street Penn Station Herald Square 28th Street Station Entrances uptown only access uptown and downtown access downtown only access Station Extents Amtrak New Jersey Transit PATH Rail System MTA Long Island Rail Road Red Line 1, 2, 3 Red Line 1 Blue Line A, C, E Yellow Line N, Q, R Orange Line B, D, F, M Yellow Line N, R

Subway

Regional Rail Lines Station Names Subway Lines Study Area Parcels

http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pdf

N

Manhattan, New York City

Land Use Map; Hell’s Kitchen

Government Civic, Education, Religious Residential Entertainment/Recreation Commercial & Retail Restaurants Mixed Residential & Commercial Transportation & Parking Study Area Parcels

Land Use

http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pdf

For basketball events in the Arena, the seating capacity is 19,763 and for hockey events in the Arena, the seating capacity is 18,200. For all other events, seating capacity changes depending on the set-up of the event. For events in the Theater the seating capacity is 5,600.

THEORY

QUANTUM

At the turn of the twentieth century, Max Planck discovered that the energy of

heat radiation is not emitted continuously, but in " "energy packets", c called q quanta

. What they used to call things, are really events or paths

that m might b become events. The universe is thus defined as a world of

wave-like patterns of interconnectedness, a dynamic web of inseparable energy patterns, a dynamic, inseparable whole that always includes the observer. We are not separated parts from the whole. We are the whole.

THEORY

HOLOGRAPHIC

DESIGN

CONCEPT

DESIGN

SKETCH

DESIGN

ENERGY HARVESTING iDEA

NETTING SYSTEM MECHANICAL ENERGY HARVESTING SITTING AREA WITH HEAT HARVESTING COMBINED