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Introduction
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The value of information disclosed via the patent system William - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The value of information disclosed via the patent system William - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The value of information disclosed via the patent system William Meredith 14 March 2007 Introduction Nearly 1 million new inventions are disclosed via the patent system every year. These applications have important business and economic 2
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Disclosure
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Monopoly Property Rights Public Disclosure Patents are monopoly property rights that exist to create an incentive for innovation. The economic purpose of disclosure is to balance the potential inefficiencies of monopoly. Patents are territorial, but disclosure is global.
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An Example - WO 2006/020305
“Gestures for Touch-Sensitive Input Devices”
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An Example - WO 2006/020305
“Gestures for Touch-Sensitive Input Devices”
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Apple iPhone - announced in January 2007
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Business use of patent information
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Degree of Competitiveness Threat of Substitutes New Entrants Customers back- integration Suppliers’ forward integration
Michael Porter - Five Forces Model
(borrowed from Johannes Schaf)
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Strategic Analysis
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Infringement, patentability, freedom to operate Technology Analysis. Emerging Fields Technology lifecycles, watch services Company analysis Company analysis
Patent information can contribute to strategic analysis of an industry
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Example - Waste Management
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RSS Notifications Graphical Views 1027 results
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Dimensions of Analysis
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Time C l a s s i f i c a t i
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Applicant / Inventor Concept Geography Different categories can be combined to analyse patent data
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Example - Waste Management
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Evolution of applications over time and by origin
25 50 75 100 125
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 US JP DE GB FR KR IT CA CH AU Other
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Example - Waste Management
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Review the most active applicants in this technology area
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Example - Cluster / Concept Analysis
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Text is analysed to extract the main concepts. Then documents with similar concepts are grouped together. An analyst can visualise the distribution of concepts in a set of documents.
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Benefits of Patent Analysis
- Reduce costs
allocation of resources to most productive activities, avoid ‘re-inventing the wheel’
- Reduce risk
freedom to operate; identify winning projects
- Improve productivity
IP management processes
- Increase revenue
faster time to market; licensing opportunities, etc
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Where to find Patent Information
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Publishing offices: JPO, USPTO, WIPO, KIPO, SIPO, EPO, etc Free, public information: PatentScope, espacenet, PatFT, Japio, KIPRIS, SurfIP, etc Added-value commercial vendors Patent search and delivery services Patent Analytics Specialised databases: biomedical, engineering, etc
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Economic use of Patent Information
➡ Long term growth is dependant on knowledge accumulation. ➡ Knowledge production is a key determinant of future welfare. ➡ Understanding and optimising knowledge production have become important policy questions.
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Endogenous growth theory: Y=F(H,A,K,L) (ouput is determined by human capital, accumulated knowledge, as well as capital and effective labour)
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Economic use of Patent Information
Patents are (imperfect) indicators of knowledge production Patent information contains a level of details that is unavailable elsewhere, and can be used for the study of:
➡Knowledge production, innovation and research ➡Trade and productivity growth ➡Technology flows
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Example - EU Innovation Scoreboard
18 Source: European innovation scoreboard - summary innovation index
Patent output is a basic indicator in the composite innovation index.
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Example - R&D Weighted Index
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Resident patent applications per R&D expenditure, 2004
Source: WIPO Statistics Database
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Example: Technology Concentration by Country - Telecommunications
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- 1.750
- 0.875
0.875 1.750 2.625 3.500 FI CN SE KR SG CA NL FR US IL JP IE GB DE IT ES NO RU AU ZA AT CH IN DK NZ BR BE Source: WIPO Statistics Database
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Technology Concentrations
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1 2 3 Semiconductors Organic fine chemistry Macromolecular chemistry, polymers Optics Chemical and petrol industry, basic materials chemistry Telecommunications Biotechnology Pharmaceuticals, cosmetics Audio-visual technology Agriculture, food chemistry Surface technology, coating Engines, pumps, turbines Electrical devices, electrical engineering, electrical Machine tools Analysis, measurement, control technology Information technology Transport Medical technology Environmental technology Nuclear engineering Mechanical Elements Materials processing, textiles, paper Handling, printing Agricultural and food processing, machinery and apparatus Thermal processes and apparatus Consumer goods and equipment Chemical engineering Materials, metallurgy Civil engineering, building, mining
Relative Concentration of Patents by Technology Area
South Africa as a Country of Origin
Source: WIPO Statistics Database
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Technology Concentrations
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1 2 3 Semiconductors Audio-visual technology Telecommunications Optics Electrical devices, electrical engineering, electrical Information technology Transport Engines, pumps, turbines Analysis, measurement, control technology Mechanical Elements Consumer goods and equipment Nuclear engineering Surface technology, coating Machine tools Medical technology Thermal processes and apparatus Civil engineering, building, mining Macromolecular chemistry, polymers Handling, printing Agricultural and food processing, machinery and apparatus Chemical and petrol industry, basic materials chemistry Environmental technology Materials processing, textiles, paper Biotechnology Materials, metallurgy Agriculture, food chemistry Pharmaceuticals, cosmetics Chemical engineering Organic fine chemistry
Relative Concentration of Patents by Technology Area
Patent Filings in South Africa
Source: WIPO Statistics Database
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Thank you
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