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The symogih.org project : an ontology for collaboratively producing, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dec 27, 2022 211 likes •761 views

The 36th joined meeting of the CIDOC CRM SIG and ISO/TC46/SC4/WG9 and the 29th FRBR - CIDOC CRM Harmonization meeting Heraklion, Crete, 3 August 2016 Francesco Beretta (CNRS UMR5190 LARHRA Universit de Lyon) The symogih.org project : an

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

The 36th joined meeting of the CIDOC CRM SIG and ISO/TC46/SC4/WG9 and the 29th FRBR - CIDOC CRM Harmonization meeting Heraklion, Crete, 3 August 2016

Francesco Beretta

(CNRS UMR5190 LARHRA – Université de Lyon)

The symogih.org project : an ontology for collaboratively producing, sharing and curating historical data

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

  • 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda
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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

  • 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda
  • 2. Producing structured historical data: the symogih.org
  • ntology
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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

  • 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda
  • 2. Producing structured historical data: the symogih.org
  • ntology
  • 3. The symogih.org ontology : CIDOC – CRM compatible ?
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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Project existing since 2008. About 50 scholars and students, and 15 research project, are currently using the collaborative database to store and share historical information

SyMoGIH : modular system for historical information management

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

A collaborative and cumulative information system for storing historical data: produce, share, visualise and analyse stuctured historical data

  • 1. The symogih.org project's general research agenda
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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610

Actr : Galilei, Galileo

Source : Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol. 51

CoAc: Université de Padoue AbOb: Mathématiques

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 SELECT DISTINCT as1.cle_objet_associe 'idActeur', as1.libelle_calcule_objet_associe 'nom', as2.cle_objet_associe 'idLieu', as2.libelle_calcule_objet_associe as 'lieu', as2.longitude as 'longi', as2.latitude as 'lat' FROM web_talker_symogih.vue_association as1, web_talker_symogih.vue_association as2, vues_bhp.acteurs_scholasticon acsc, web_talker_symogih.vue_association as3, web_talker_symogih.vue_information inf WHERE /* jointure*/ as1.cle_objet_associe = acsc.CFAc AND as2.cle_etran_Info = as1.cle_etran_Info AND as3.cle_objet_associe = as1.cle_objet_associe AND inf.cle_Info = as3.cle_etran_Info /*selection*/ AND as1.cle_etran_TyRo = 'TyRo40' AND as2.cle_objet_associe LIKE 'NaPl%' AND as3.cle_etran_TyRo = 'TyRo12' AND inf.cle_etran_TyIn = 'TyIn97'

SQL queries to extract data corresponding to the research agenda of each project participant

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Jésuites Franciscains Dominicains Mendiants Ordres monastiques Nouveaux ordres

100 200 300 400 500 600 700

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

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Project specific websites

http://patronsdefrance.fr/

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Project specific websites

http://siprojuris.symogih.org

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

General symogih.org project websites

http://symogih.org

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

http://geo-larhra.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

SPARQL – endpoint B3Kat

Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Kooperative Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg

http://lod.b3kat.de/sparql

Use the web of data for historical research

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

http://symogih.org/resource/Actr195

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

"1606-09-11"

symogih:destination symogih:datation symogih:sourçage symogih:nommer

Paul V Cardinal Gian Garsia Mellini

Nomination

DBI, vol. 73 (2009), ...

symogih:etre_nomme symogih:Info93265 symogih:Actr288 symogih:SoCh370 symogih:Bibl1968 symogih:Actr255

symogih.org ontology

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

SPARQL-endpoint: http://symogih.org/?q=rdf-publication

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Instance 3 Instance 2

Notices d'autorité Notices d'autorité

Interface d'alimentation Ontologie symogih.org Types d'informations et de contenus Interface d'alimentation Patrons de France Siprojuris Interface d'alimentation Interface d'alimentation geo-larhra.org Nouveau site 1 symogih.org

Entrepôt de données historiques nettoyées et de textes encodés (TEI) (curated historical data warehouse) Données des institutions patrimoniales (SUDOC, BNF, AN, HADOC, GND, …) – Autres données (issues ou non de la recherche)

Notices d'autorité Base d'hébergement de projets (BHP)

VIAF VIAF IdREF IdREF BNF BNF ISNI ISNI

Stockage collaboratif de textes XML-TEI (eXist-db)

Notices d'autorité

Nouveau site 1

Data curation platform

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

  • 2. Producing structured historical data:

the symogih.org ontology

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

The symogih.org generic data model : from index cards to a digital information system

Knowledge units : atomized statements expressing relationships between objects

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, Roma, 12 April 1615

Paolo Antonio Foscarini Cardinal Bellarmine

Roma

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, Roma, 12 April 1615

Paolo Antonio Foscarini Cardinal Bellarmine

Roma Letter

location sender receiver

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, Roma, 12 April 1615

Paolo Antonio Foscarini Cardinal Bellarmine

Roma Letter

location sender receiver

  • bject
  • bject
  • bject

knowledge unit role role role

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Letter by cardinal Bellarmine to Paolo Antonio Foscarini, Roma, 12 April 1615, OG XV, 333-555

Paolo Antonio Foscarini Cardinal Bellarmine

Roma Letter

location sender receiver

  • bject
  • bject
  • bject

knowledge unit role role role 1615-04-12

dates

OG XV, 333-555

sources

dating sourcing

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

The symogih.org ontology

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Dating and sourcing

The issue of historical knowledge reliability : sourcing and historical criticism

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The instances of the generic data model are defined collaboratively

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http://symogih.org

The definition of each instance ot the data model is publicly available

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« Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610 » [Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol. 51]

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610

Actr : Galilei, Galileo

Source : Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol. 51

CoAc: Université de Padoue AbOb: Mathématiques

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Galileo Galilei taught mathematics at the University of Padua from 1592 and 1610

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

A knowledge unit in form of structured data : Encoding historical data in XML using the symogih.org ontology :

<p corresp="Info94542">In <date when="1592" ana="AbOb1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="Actr161">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="CoAc54">University of Padua</name> where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until <date when="1610" ana="AbOb256">1610</date>. </p> <p ana="TyIn97">In <date when="1592" ana="AbOb1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="Actr161" ana="TyRo12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="CoAc54" ana="TyRo21">University of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="AbOb279" ana="TyRo131">geometry</name>, <name ana="TyRo131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="AbOb239" ana="TyRo131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="AbOb256">1610</date>. </p>

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

A knowledge unit in form of structured data : Encoding historical data in XML using the symogih.org ontology :

<p corresp="Info94542">In <date when="1592" ana="AbOb1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="Actr161">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="CoAc54">University of Padua</name> where he taught geometry, mechanics, and astronomy until <date when="1610" ana="AbOb256">1610</date>. </p> <p ana="TyIn97">In <date when="1592" ana="AbOb1321">1592</date>, <rs ref="Actr161" ana="TyRo12">he</rs> [Galileo Galilei] moved to the <name ref="CoAc54" ana="TyRo21">University of Padua</name> where he taught <name ref="AbOb279" ana="TyRo131">geometry</name>, <name ana="TyRo131">mechanics</name>, and <name ref="AbOb239" ana="TyRo131">astronomy</name> until <date when="1610" ana="AbOb256">1610</date>. </p>

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

  • 3. The symogih.org ontology : CIDOC – CRM compatible ?
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The symogih.org ontology

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

DOLCE (Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering) « has a clear cognitive bias, in the sense that it aims at capturing the ontological categories underlying natural language and human common-sense »

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Endurants (continuants) are wholly present (i.e., all their proper parts are present) at any time they are present. Perdurants (occurrents) : entities that happen in time [DOLCE]

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CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) http://cidoc-crm.org/

symogih:KnowledgeUnit / dolce:Perdurant symogih:Object / dolce:Endurant

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

E77 Persistent item E2 Temporal entity E55 Type

The symogih.org ontology as a controlled vocabulary for expressing the instances of the knowledge units’ and roles’ types ...

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

...but there are some issues we have to solve.

Francesco Beretta, March 10, 2015 – 41

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

« Any encoding of CRM instances in a formal language that preserves the relations within a consistent subset of CRM classes, properties and inheritance rules is regarded a “reduced CRM-compatible form”, if:

  • all the conditions applicable to a CRM compatible form are respected;
  • the subset does not violate the rules of subsumption and inheritance;
  • any instance of the reduced CRM-compatible form is also a valid instance of a (full)

CRM compatible form

  • the subset contains at least the following concepts: » (CIDOC-CRM 6.2.1)

Francesco Beretta, March 10, 2015 – 42

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

The issue of the ontologies’ domain « The CIDOC-CRM provides definitions and formal structure for describing […] concepts and relationships used in cultural heritage documentation » « The symogih.org ontology provides an instantiated generic data model for expressing historical knowledge » Intersection : historical knowledge

Francesco Beretta, March 10, 2015 – 43

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 44

Can the symogih:KnowledgeUnit, understood as an assertion by the historian, be considered as an equivalent class to dolce:Perdurant and cidoc-crm:E2_temporal_entity ?

symogih:KnowledgeUnit / dolce:Perdurant symogih:Object / dolce:Endurant

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Factoïd ontology

KCL’s Department of Digital Humanities (DDH : Prosopographies of the Byzantine World (PBE and PBW), Anglo-Saxon England (PASE), Medieval Scotland (PoMS), Anglo-Scottish cross-border society (‘Breaking of Britain’: BoB)

Michele Pasin and John Bradley, Factoid-based prosopography and computer ontologies: Towards an integrated approach, Literary and Linguistic Computing Advance Access published June 29, 2013

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 46 Michele Pasin and John Bradley, Factoid-based prosopography and computer ontologies: Towards an integrated approach, Literary and Linguistic Computing Advance Access published June 29, 2013

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E77 Persistent item E2 Temporal entity E55 Type

The issue of dating and sourcing

E13 Attribute assignement

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

E77 Persistent item E2 Temporal entity E55 Type

The issue of dating and sourcing

E13 Attribute assignement E 52 Time span

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

E77 Persistent item E2 Temporal entity E55 Type P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

The issue of reification

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E77 Persistent item E2 Temporal entity E55 Type P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

The issue of reification

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

E77 Persistent item E2 Temporal entity E55 Type P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

The issue of reification

P150 defines typical parts of

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

« The primary role of the CRM is to enable information exchange and integration between heterogeneous sources of cultural heritage information. »

The symogih.org vocabulary for historical knowledge modelling

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Francesco Beretta, 3/8/2016 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Conclusion : a CIDOC – CRM extension for historical knowledge modelling starting from the symogih.org project’s experience ?