The NORDICCS CCS Roadmap Marit J. Mazzetti Keynote TCCS7, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The NORDICCS CCS Roadmap Marit J. Mazzetti Keynote TCCS7, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Nordic CCS Competence Centre The NORDICCS CCS Roadmap Marit J. Mazzetti Keynote TCCS7, Trondheim, Norway, 2013-06-05 Contributions by all NORDICCS WPs Marit.Mazzetti@sintef.no NORDICCS Nordic CCS Competence Centre Operating under the

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The NORDICCS CCS Roadmap

Marit J. Mazzetti

Keynote TCCS7, Trondheim, Norway, 2013-06-05 Contributions by all NORDICCS WPs

Marit.Mazzetti@sintef.no

Nordic CCS Competence Centre

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NORDICCS

Nordic CCS Competence Centre

  • Operating under the Nordic Top-level Research Initiative (TRI)

Vision for NORDICCS

  • Funded by Nordic Innovation (75%) and Partners (25%)
  • 16 Partners from research, industry and NGOs
  • Duration: 5 years
  • Total budget: 6.2 million Euro www.sintef.no/nordiccs

Become a Center of Expertise on CCS by developing Joint Nordic Strategies to promote Widespread Implementation of CCS, and effectively Communicate the strategies to the Decision makers and the General public

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Opportunity: Nordic Synergies

  • Vast storage capacity off the

coasts of Norway and Denmark &

  • Large emission sources in

Sweden & Finland

  • Joint CCS projects could allow

scale up

  • Reductions in cost due to

economies of scale

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Nordic Synergies - Biogenic emissions

  • Great biomass energy

sources in Sweden and Finland

  • Potential for BECCS

projects that can go carbon negative!

CO2 Emissions from Stationary Point Sources With emissions > 100 000 tonnes (2009)

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Status of CCS

  • 97% hydropower, 2 % from CCGT and 1% wind. CO2 emissions mainly

from transportation(30%) offshore oil and gas production(29%), and industry (25%). Goal of carbon neutral by 2050. CCS important for CO2 reduction in industry and gas fired power plants

  • Power supply from hydro (53%) and nuclear (40%)
  • Goal of carbon neutral by 2050. CCS assumed major share of the

reductions from the industry sector starting at 2040

  • Fossil and some wind. Target of 100% renewable energy by 2050
  • CCS for EOR a possibility, new climate plan this year
  • Power from fossil, bio, nuclear. Extensive industrial-scale use of
  • biomass. Goal 80 % reduction in GHG by 2050
  • VTT Analysis suggests 18 Mt of CO2 removed by CCS by 2050, BECCS,

bio-refineries, steel mills, cement, pulp & paper

  • 85% Renewable energy: hydro and geothermal. Goal 50-70% red GHG

by 2050

  • Industry: Aluminium plants 40% of CO2

2012 Numbers

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Analysis of Nordic CCS

Includes CCS in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Source: International Energy Agency (2013), Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives, OECD/IEA, Paris

Tonni:

  • Industrial

production increases

  • Using current

technology Inno:

  • Rapid Technology

development

  • More Urbanization

Industry Power Total Nordic ETP 2 DS 7 8 15

International Energy Agency (2013), Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives, OECD/IEA,

Nordic ETP CNS 12 8 20

International Energy Agency (2013), Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives, OECD/IEA,

Toni 9 25 34

VTT Green Energy, 2012;Includes BECCS in pulp and paper ind

Inno 10 21 31

VTT Green Energy, 2012;Includes BECCS in pulp and paper ind

Norway 3 19 22

Lavutslippsutvalget, 2006

Finland 14 4 18

VTT Green Energy, 2012;Includes BECCS in pulp and paper ind

Country Source CCS for CO2 removal (Mt/year)

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CCS Implementation

  • Economy of Scale
  • Oil industry through EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery)
  • Could be economical for the operator
  • CO2 is excellent agent to enhance oil recovery
  • Sweetening: Purification of Norwegian export gas
  • Industries with high concentrations of CO2, operational close to 100% of

the year

  • Steel
  • Cement
  • Pulp and paper
  • Fertilizer plants
  • Gas fired Power plants with CCS
  • Refinery emissions (processing and power plants)
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Case 3: Skagerrak Industry Cluster

Capture Sites:

  • Esso Refinery, Norway
  • Norcem Cement plant, Norway
  • Preemraff Refinery, Sweden
  • Borealis Chemical Plant, Sweden
  • Portland Cement, Denmark
  • Nordjyllands verket, Denmark

Transport: via ship Hub:

  • Kårstø, Norway
  • Hirtshals, Denmark

– Location chosen closest to first capture site

Storage: Utsira, Norway or Gassum , Skagerak

World’s first CO2 capture test facility in cement industry Norcem Brevik - Norway

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Case 6: Zero Emission Power Production

Scope: Large scale power plant using Combined Cycle Gas Turbines w/CCS

  • Economy of Scale: 2000 MW Plant
  • Five Combined Cycle Gas Turbines
  • CO2 emissions: 5 Mt/annually for possible

use in EOR

  • Capture: MEA post-combustion

5 MtCO2/y, 5.6 MtCO2/y, 3.9/7.8 %CO2,

  • Location: Stavanger
  • Transport and Storage: Utsira via pipeline
  • Power End Use:

−

Electrification − Export to Europe − Metals Industry, e.g. Aluminium − CO2 End Use: EOR

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Case 7: Sweetening The Deal

Challenge: CCS Expensive, EOR possible solution

  • Prior EOR projects failed due to lack of steady

supply of CO2 Opportunity: Remove and store more of CO2 present in Norway's Natural Gas Currently Exported to Europe Location: Close to Source & Sink

  • On shore, close to the source
  • New oil and gas fields at Utsira
  • Arctic or Northern Norway w/high CO2

Steady CO2 supply:

  • Currently export 100 B Sm3/annually at 2.5%
  • Economy of scale significant for volumes of CO2

captured of up to 2-3 M tonnes/year

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Sweetening Skagerak cluster Large comb. cycles

Cost of different NORDICCS Case Scenarios

  • Nth of a kind (NOAK) Capture Technology

Storage cost (€/t) Transport cost (€/t) Capture cost (€/t)

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How do we Realize Deployment?

  • Economy of Scale & Continued R&D to Reduce Capture Costs
  • EOR storage to further reduce costs of Sweetening
  • Several Successful CCS Offshore Storage Projects Initially, then Onshore
  • Changes to the European Carbon Market are Necessary for Industrial CCS
  • The current European carbon market is not proving to be effective:
  • Bio emissions should count
  • Incentives/legislation needed
  • Feed in Tariffs, Emission Performance Standards, CCS Certificates
  • Strengthening ETS (backloading……….)
  • Risk Distribution Necessary
  • Government will have to support the first implementations to reduce risk

(CAPEX & OPEX)

  • Support for infrastructure development
  • Hubs for transport to storage site
  • Transport network for CO2 in the Nordic region is too costly
  • Ship only option until scale is large enough to justify pipeline
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Scenarios for Implementation

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Conclusions from NORDICCS Roadmap

  • Nordic Countries as a group cannot reach CO2 emission goals without CCS
  • Scenario 1: As is: Sleipner and Snøhvit: 1.7 M tonnes,
  • Scenario 2: Mongstad: 0.5 - 1M tonnes
  • Scenario 3: Large-scale sweetening, potentially w/ EOR
  • 2-3 projects by 2050: 5 M tonnes
  • Scenario 4: Industry and Power projects viable with incentives
  • Industry located within the Nordic "Skagerrak cluster": 3 M tonnes
  • large scale power plant w/CCS: 5 M tonnes
  • Bio CCS in Finland and Sweden closer to 2040: 5 M tonnes
  • Added Cost benefit from EOR
  • Added cost benefit from import of CO2 from large European CCS projects

by pipeline

  • Implementing Scenarios 2-4 allows storing 20 M tonnes CO2/year by CCS by

2050 and fulfil the CCS part of our climate goals!

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Acknowledgements/Thank You/Questions

  • This work is supported by the NORDICCS Centre, performed under the

Top-level Research Initiative CO2 Capture and Storage program, and Nordic Innovation.

  • The authors acknowledge the following partners for their contributions:

Statoil, Gassco, Norcem, Reykjavik Energy, CO2 Technology Centre Mongstad, Vattenfall and the Top-level Research Initiative (Project number 11029)

  • NORDICCS Centre Contact Information: Dr. Nils A. Røkke, Vice President,

SINTEF, Nils.A.Rokke@sintef.no