[PPT] - Supervisory Control of Microgrids in Grid-Connected and Islanding PowerPoint Presentation

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Supervisory Control of Microgrids in Grid-Connected and Islanding Mode – Investigations Using a Real-Time Digital Simulation Platform

Marcello Schifani, Eberhard Waffenschmidt, Reza Iravani

IESC 2017, Farmingdale, NY, 19.-20.Oct. 2017

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Future power grid

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Blackout

Source: www.tagesschau.de

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Studied case

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Criterias for the control structure

 Recognition of faults to initialize the islanding process  Recognition of recovery to initialize the reconnection process  Short detection time.  Transients to be minimized.  Quickly each steady-state  In Islanded Mode, frequency and voltage is kept constant.

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Benchmark grid

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Adopted from: IEEE Recommended Practice for Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Analysis (Brown Book), 1997.

DER 4 L7 DER 3 L6 DER 2 L5 T1 PCC F4 F3 C9 T8 TDR4 TDR2 TDR3 C6 C8 T7 T6 C7 TL1 13.8 kV 15 MVA 69 kV 100 MVA X/R = 22.2 2 MVAr VSC 3.0 MVA VSC, 3.0 MVA VSC 0.5 MVA 0.6 kV 0.6 kV 0.6 kV (0.75+j0.08) MVA (0.73+j0.03) MVA (0.87+j0.33) MVA

Supervisory control Local control Local control Local control

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Superisory control

 Islanding

Detection
Command for circuit breaker
Command to local control

 Reconnection

Detection
Synchronisation

 Coordination of local controllers

Selection of master device

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Local control

 Grid connected mode:

Real and reactive power (PQ) to grid is controlled
by current mode control

 Islanding mode (only „master“ device):

Voltage and frequency (VF) is controlled
By voltage mode control

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Simulation setup

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Simulation types

 Offline simulation

Full setup
More time consuming

 Real-time simulation

Reduced setup: One DER4 and one load L7
More realistic:

Can be linked to hardware

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Schematic of the current controlled VSC

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Filter Filter Controler

Current Measurement Voltage Measurement

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

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Zero current crossing detection Re-connection detection Voltage range detection

Islanding detection and grid reconnection control

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Simulation results

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Simulation scenarios

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Adopted from: IEEE Recommended Practice for Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Analysis (Brown Book), 1997.

DER 4 L7 DER 3 L6 DER 2 L5 T1 PCC F4 F3 C9 T8 TDR4 TDR2 TDR3 C6 C8 T7 T6 C7 TL1 13.8 kV 15 MVA 69 kV 100 MVA X/R = 22.2 2 MVAr VSC 3.0 MVA VSC, 3.0 MVA VSC 0.5 MVA 0.6 kV 0.6 kV 0.6 kV (0.75+j0.08) MVA (0.73+j0.03) MVA (0.87+j0.33) MVA

Scenario 1: Intentional islanding Scenario 2: 3 phase short to ground Scenario 3: 1 phase short to ground

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Scenario1: Intentional Islanding

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Offline Simulation Real-Time Simulation

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Scenario 1: Intentional islanding

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Grid Voltages Reactive Power Pset Qset Qin Pin

Time / s 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.45

Real Power

Re-connection Islanding Initialisation

Real-Time Simulation

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Time / s 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.45 0.80 0.85 0.90

Scenario 2: 3-phase short to ground

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Grid Voltages Reactive Power Pset Qset Qin Pin Real Power

Re-connection Islanding Short circuit

Offline Simulation

Real Power negative!

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Scenario 3: 1-phase short to ground

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Time / s 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.45

Grid Voltages Reactive Power Pset Qset Qin Pin Real Power

Re-connection Islanding Short circuit

Real-Time Simulation

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Summary

Control for islanding and re-connect of microgrid:  Converter control  Supervisory control

Detection for islanding
Re-connection
Power control

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To do

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Schifani, Waffenschmidt, Iravani, IESC 2017, Farmingdale, USA

Contacts

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Prof. Dr. Eberhard Waffenschmidt

CIRE - Cologne Institute for Renewable Energy Cologne University of Applied Sciences Betzdorferstraße 2, 50679 Köln, eberhard.waffenschmidt@th-koeln.de https://www.th-koeln.de/personen/eberhard.waffenschmidt/

Prof. Reza Iravani

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G4 iravani@ecf.utoronto.ca http://www.ele.utoronto.ca/prof/iravani/iravanimain.html Marcello Schifani, MSc Alumni Student Cologne University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Germany, marcello.schifani@mail.utoronto.ca