"STEPPING STONES ON THE PATH TO INTERPLANETARY - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
"STEPPING STONES ON THE PATH TO INTERPLANETARY INTERNETWORKING IND Staff Meeting IND Staff Meeting 24 June 2003 24 June 2003 Adrian J. Hooke Adrian J. Hooke OUTLINE OUTLINE Where weve come from: CCSDS space links
24 June 2003 24 June 2003
Adrian J. Hooke Adrian J. Hooke
– Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite) – The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP)
– Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles)
CCSDS Recommendation for Advanced Orbiting Systems Baselined by Space Station and Ground Network
1970 1980 1990 2000 International Space Station
Extension of Standards for More Complex Space Missions }
Extension of the Terrestrial Internet into Space
NASA Telemetry Standardization NASA/ESA Working Group “Packet” Spacecraft Telemetry and Telecommand
NASA/DOD/CCSDS Space Communications Protocol Standards (CCSDS-SCPS) Project
The Dark Age Of GOSIP
File Transfer: FTAM Transport: TP4 Network: ISO 8473 File Transfer: FTP Transport: TCP Network: IP
02 January, 1996 STRV-1b IP address: 192.48.114.156
Basic Space/Ground Communications Standards for Space Missions }
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)
The new CCSDS organization
Cross Support Services Spacecraft Onboard Interface Services Space Internetworking Services Space Link Services Mission Operations and Information Management Services
Commodity Communications & Navigation Systems
http://www.ccsds.org/CCSDS/missions.jsp
Current CCSDS Protocol Scenario
Surface Deep Space Backbone Earth
Orbiter Free Flyer
CCSDS Packet CCSDS Proximity Link and Coding CCSDS UHF; local wired/ wireless CCSDS UHF CCSDS S, X, Ka Band Local Terrestrial Wired Local Terrestrial Link IP IPSEC TCP, UDP
CCSDS Space Link Extension (SLE)
CCSDS Long-haul Link
CCSDS Long-Haul Link and Coding
– Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite) – The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP)
– Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles)
Current CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Stack
1
Physical
2
Link
3
Network
4
Transport
7
Application Services Space Applications Modulation
Proximity 1 Space Data Link Protocol
IPSec SCPS-SP Security Protocol FTP, SCPS-FP TCP/UDP SCPS-TP CFDP
Radio Frequency b
TM Space Data Link Protocol
Reed-Solomon Coding BCH Coding Convolutional Coding Turbo Coding TLM Frame Sync. CLTU and PLOPs Onboard PHY
SCPS-NP Space Network Protocol Internet Protocol (IPv4, IPv6)
On- board LLC On- board converg- ence Lossless Data Compression
Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems
Space Data Link Security Mechanisms COP 1 TC Space Data Link Protocol
AOS Space Data Link Protocol Space Packet Protocol
Time Constrained Applications
Link ARQ Link ARQ
Delay Intolerant Networking
Network IP Network IP Phys 1 Link 1 Link 1 Phys 1 Phys 2 Link 2
The Internet: a Network of Connected Sub-Networks
Phys 2 Link 2 Phys 3 Link 3
App App App App App App
Network IP Transport TCP Network IP Transport TCP Phys 3 Link 3
Subnet 1 Subnet 2 Subnet 3
Internet-in-Space Architectural Alternatives:
An Internet An Internet An Internet
ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES
ES = End System
ES
Distinguishing features
and above (Application and Transport connections run end-to-end)
be tuned to maximize performance and utilization over satellite link
Internet-in-Space Architectural Alternatives:
An Internet An Internet An Internet
ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES
GW
“Proxy Space”
ES = End System GW = Transport Layer Gateway (Proxy)
GW
Distinguishing features
the satellite/wireless link so End Systems do not have to be satellite/wireless aware (e.g., can be unmodified COTS, simplifying deployment)
gateways
SCPS SCPS-
NP IP IP Space Link Subnet: CCSDS Data Link Space Link Subnet: CCSDS Data Link SCPS SCPS-
SP Other Apps Other Apps IPSec IPSec UDP UDP TCP TCP
SCPS SCPS-
FP
TCP Options TCP TCP Options Options
FTP FTP
FTP Features FTP FTP Features Features Space extensions to the Socket Interface Common Network- Layer Interface SCPS-TP “TCP Tranquility”
Congestion control appropriate for mixed-loss environments (congestion, corruption, outage); Selective negative acknowledgment; Robust header compression; Partial Reliability service (BETS); Delimitation of record boundaries; RFC 1323: Window scaling, time stamps, sequence number extension Authentication: guarantee of the identity of a source; Access Control: prevention of unauthorized access; Integrity: protection against modification; Confidentiality: protection from disclosure. Provides both connectionless and managed- connection routing; Supports precedence (priority) based handling; Offer multiple routing options; Signals errors to the layer above; Supports packet lifetime control; Scalable - tailor capability to need, e.g., high communications efficiency in constrained bandwidth conditions. File & record Integrity; Record read & record update; Automatic restart; User suspend/resume; Suppress ASCII reply codes.
The CCSDS protocol suite supports either “native” or “space enhanced” Internet services, at the discretion of the Project organization
Space-optimized IP variant Space-optimized IPSec variant Space extensions to FTP
SCPS RI Distribution by Date
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Calendar Year Copies
SCPS Reference Software
DISA Teleport System
SCPS RI Distribution by Sector
Government 20% Academia 15%
Industry 65%
Security Link Bandwidth Allocation MobileIP Resource Reservation
Develop new techniques, specifications and prototype software for rapid, adaptive and automated reconfiguration of space/ground and space/space data link transmission capacity
Develop techniques and prototype software for spacecraft-to-PI communications by enabling end-to-end resource reservation across multiple providers
Show viability of Spacecraft-to-PI Mobile IP and develop "proxy registration" capability in ground stations
Standardize space community cryptographic key exchange and key management and enhance the SCPS gateways to provide a robust end-to-end security capability using both IPSec and SCPS-SP
(including Security, MobileIP, RSVP)
SCPS SCPS-
NP Link Link SCPS SCPS-
SP Other Apps Other Apps IPSec IPSec UDP UDP TCP TCP
SCPS SCPS-
FP
TCP Options TCP TCP Options Options
FTP FTP
FTP Features FTP FTP Features Features
Bandwidth Management Bandwidth Management MobileIP MobileIP
HA/FA: encapsulation and decapsulation
Signaling between Security Gateways Signaling between Home/Foreign Agents End-to-End Signaling (Router Actions)
IP IP
Support for Requirements Signaling
Key Mgmt. Key Mgmt. MobileIP MobileIP BW Mgmt. BW Mgmt.
Principal Investigator Ground Station (Foreign Agent) Principal Investigator Data delivery begins at time t+n Registration Exchanges begin at time t Data delivery begins at time t Home Agent Home Agent
Protocol Overhead Data Delivery Tunnel
Ground Station (Foreign Agent)
“Standard” MobileIP MobileIP with open NGSI Extensions
Next Generation Space Internet Protocol Stack
1
Physical
2
Link
3
Network
4
Transport
7
Application Services Space Applications Modulation
Proximity 1 Space Data Link Protocol
IPSec SCPS-SP Security Protocol FTP, SCPS-FP TCP/UDP SCPS-TP CFDP
Radio Frequency b
TM Space Data Link Protocol
Reed-Solomon Coding BCH Coding Convolutional Coding Turbo Coding TLM Frame Sync. CLTU and PLOPs Onboard PHY
SCPS-NP Space Network Protocol Internet Protocol (IPv4, IPv6)
On- board LLC On- board converg- ence Lossless Data Compression
Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems
Space Data Link Security Mechanisms COP 1 TC Space Data Link Protocol
AOS Space Data Link Protocol Space Packet Protocol
Time Constrained Applications
Link ARQ Link ARQ MobileIP Key Mgmt RSVP Link Mgmt
NGSI
Current CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Stack
1
Physical
2
Link
3
Network
4
Transport
7
Application Services Space Applications Modulation
Proximity 1 Space Data Link Protocol
IPSec SCPS-SP Security Protocol FTP, SCPS-FP TCP/UDP SCPS-TP CFDP
Radio Frequency b
TM Space Data Link Protocol
Reed-Solomon Coding BCH Coding Convolutional Coding Turbo Coding TLM Frame Sync. CLTU and PLOPs Onboard PHY
SCPS-NP Space Network Protocol Internet Protocol (IPv4, IPv6)
On- board LLC On- board converg- ence Lossless Data Compression
Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems
Space Data Link Security Mechanisms COP 1 TC Space Data Link Protocol
AOS Space Data Link Protocol Space Packet Protocol
MobileIP Key Mgmt RSVP Link Mgmt
Time Constrained Applications
Link ARQ Link ARQ
Delay Tolerant Applications
2. point-to-point, acknowledged
1. point-to-point, unacknowledged
Ground Station
CFDP Service Packet ServiceX
N e t w
k C
t r
C e n t e r
CFDP Service Packet Service Frame ServiceX Rover L a n d e r
C F D P S e r v i c e S e r v i c e S e r v i c e P a c k e t F r a m e X CFDP Service Packet Service Frame ServiceOrbiter X
Frame ServiceO r b i t e r X
CFDP Service Packet ServiceCurrently in deployment (AlSat1, DI, JWST, MRO, etc)
CCSDS Space Link
(no routing or custody transfer)
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability
(PDU ack & retransmit)
APPLICATION APPLICATION
Core Procedures UT layer User application
It supports:
And consists of:
+
mechanisms It draws upon:
data transfer services CCSDS File Delivery Protocol is an internationally standardized mechanism to deliver files of space mission data end-to-end through a space network via a series of store-and-forward hops, using custody transfer techniques CFDP “Build 1” provides non-routed, non-custodial delivery through a single hop.
two mechanisms:
SFO routing & custody transfer
CCSDS Space Link
(no routing or custody transfer)
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability
(PDU ack & retransmit)
APPLICATION APPLICATION
(SFO) that uses unmodified Build 1 and is not part of CFDP. This application code provides multi- hop routing and custody transfer services CCSDS Space Link
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability
(PDU ack & retransmit)
APPLICATION APPLICATION
CFDP Extended Procedures: routing & custody transfer
(SFO routing & custody transfer)
that are part of CFDP and which provide multi-hop routing and custody transfer services. These can optionally also be augmented by the SFO for added flexibility
Blue Book 2 additions
CCSDS Space Link
CFDP File operations
CFDP point-to-point reliability
(PDU ack & retransmit) CFDP Extended Procedures: routing & custody transfer request 1 request 2 indication 1 indication 2 transmitted data product 1
segmentation reconstitution
(SFO routing & custody transfer)
received data product 1
Data Product Manager (DPM) Overlay
hop, parallel transfer) can also be supported by an additional “Data Product Manager” application overlay. The DPM segments user products into pieces that are small enough to transfer as independent CFDP files during a single contact, and passes state to the receiving end to enable their reconstitution.
“CFDP-Era” (2005+) CCSDS Protocol Scenario
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
Surface Deep Space Backbone Earth
Orbiter Free Flyer Constellation
CCSDS Packet
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
CCSDS Proximity Link and Coding CCSDS UHF; local wired/ wireless CCSDS UHF CCSDS S, X, Ka Band Local Terrestrial Wired Local Terrestrial Link IP IPSEC TCP, UDP
CCSDS Space Link Extension (SLE)
CCSDS Long-haul Link
CCSDS Long-Haul Link and Coding
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
CCSDS Link + Physical Security
IP, CCSDS NP (TCP, UDP) CCSDS NP
There’s a lot of hair starting to grow in the Application layer………
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
CCSDS Packet
CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP)
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
CCSDS Data Product Manager
SFO
Segmentation and Reassembly Custody Transfer File Manipulation End-to-End Reliability End-to-End Routing