Splitting the Nucleus Caused by: neutron hitting nucleus Most cases split in 2 main parts (binary fission) Releases Energy
Some Possible Products: Ba, Kr, Sr, Cs, I and Xe Some Possible Reactions: 235 U + 1 neutron → 92 Kr + 141 Ba + 3 neutrons + ENERGY 235 U + 1 neutron → 94 Sr + 140 Xe + 2 neutrons + ENERGY
Products have certain probabilities Mass ratio of products generally around 3:2
Mass of products is 0.1% LESS than mass of reactants E = m c 2 Energy Produced Change in mass Speed of Light Squared In kilograms In Joules 90,000,000,000,000,000 meters/second Each reaction releases around 200 MeV (3.204353×10 -11 Joules)
Self-sustaining Each reaction produces more neutrons Every neutron doesn’t hit another nucleus Need a critical mass
Nuclear Bombs Uncontrolled chain reaction Release energy at once Nuclear Energy Controlled chain reaction Release energy slowly
Two types of fission bombs First test released same energy as 20,000 tons of TNT Aug. 6 and 9, 1945 detonated over Hiroshima and Nagasaki killing 200,000 People
20% of U.S. Energy from Nuclear 10 million times the energy per reaction compared to burning coal Radioactive Waste
Example of chain reaction! To think about: How is it similar and different from nuclear fission? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=noSS DMjcchI
Slide 2: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stdef2.png Slide 3: http://www.atomicarchive.com/Fission/Fission1.shtml Slide 4: http://world-nuclear.org/education/phys.htm Slide 6: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fission_chain_reaction.svg Slide 7: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nagasakibomb.jpg http://insp.pnnl.gov/-reports-pocketbook-czechrep.htm Slide 8: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fission_bomb_assembly_metho ds.svg Slide 9: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2008_US_electricity_generation _by_source_v2.png Slide 10: http://www.cameco.com/uranium_101/uranium_science/nuclear _reactors/
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