Splitting the Nucleus Caused by: neutron hitting nucleus Most - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

 Splitting the Nucleus  Caused by: neutron hitting

nucleus

 Most cases split in 2 main

parts (binary fission)

 Releases Energy

 Some Possible Products: Ba, Kr, Sr, Cs, I and Xe  Some Possible Reactions:

235U + 1 neutron → 92Kr + 141Ba + 3 neutrons + ENERGY 235U + 1 neutron → 94Sr + 140Xe + 2 neutrons + ENERGY

 Products have

certain probabilities

 Mass ratio of

products generally around 3:2

 Mass of products is 0.1% LESS than

mass of reactants

E = m c 2

 Each reaction releases around 200 MeV

(3.204353×10-11 Joules)

Energy Produced In Joules Change in mass In kilograms Speed of Light Squared 90,000,000,000,000,000 meters/second

 Self-sustaining  Each reaction produces

more neutrons

 Every neutron doesn’t

hit another nucleus

 Need a critical mass

 Nuclear Bombs

 Uncontrolled chain reaction  Release energy at once

 Nuclear Energy

 Controlled chain reaction  Release energy slowly

 Two types of fission

bombs

 First test released

same energy as 20,000 tons of TNT

 Aug. 6 and 9, 1945

detonated over Hiroshima and Nagasaki killing 200,000 People

 20% of U.S. Energy from

Nuclear

 10 million times the

energy per reaction compared to burning coal

 Radioactive Waste

 Example of chain reaction!  To think about:

 How is it similar and different from nuclear

fission?

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=noSS

DMjcchI

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Slide 2: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stdef2.png

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Slide 3: http://www.atomicarchive.com/Fission/Fission1.shtml

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Slide 4:

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http://world-nuclear.org/education/phys.htm

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Slide 6:

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fission_chain_reaction.svg

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Slide 7: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nagasakibomb.jpg

http://insp.pnnl.gov/-reports-pocketbook-czechrep.htm

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Slide 8: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fission_bomb_assembly_metho ds.svg

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Slide 9: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2008_US_electricity_generation _by_source_v2.png

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Slide 10:

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http://www.cameco.com/uranium_101/uranium_science/nuclear _reactors/