Specificity of exploitation and maintenance of electric busses in CTC - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Specificity of exploitation and maintenance of electric busses in CTC Belgrade

Željko Milković,MSc.M.E Director of the company Slobodan Mišanović, MSc.T.E. Project manger Dušan Savković,MSc.M.E Tehnical director Pavle Krstić,MSc.E.E Slobodan Stević, MSc.E.E

Specificity of the exploitation of the Ebus in Belgrade

• Introduction
• Line EKO 1
• Electric buses '' Higer ''
• Charging system
• Maintenance, safety measures, day care, parking
• Exploitation indicators
• Environmental benefits
• Economy

Urban transport 52,86% Pedestrians 24,41% Passenger cars 21,55% Motorcyclists 0,10% Cyclists 0,55% Other 0,53%

Modal split

City Public Transport Company “Belgrade” (JKP GSP “Beograd’’) is the carrier of the public transportation function in Belgrade Tram subsystem (150 trams operating on 11 routes), Trolley subsystem (94 trolleys operating on 8 routes), Bus subsystem (609 buses operating on 119 routes). EKO 1 – e.bus line ( 5 E.buses) Daily CPTC “Belgrade” transports about 1,580,000 passengers Participation of bus subsystem in achieved transport work is about 70 %

About public transport in Belgrade

E-bus a new concept of environmentally clean and energy efficient public transport in Belgrade 2014-2015-2016-2017-2018… year Start of regular exploitation 1/9/2016

GSP Belgrade is a leader in Southeast Europe in monitoring and the implementation of the bus concept on pure electric drive Cooperation and exchange of experiences with E-bus manufacturers (BYD, Siemens Rampini, Chariot bus-HIGER, Solaris, ) Testing E-bus BYD E12, on lines no.26 and 41 (April 2014) Case Study - Simulation of E-bus, Solaris E12, on line no. 41 (December 2014) Active participation in international organizations and projects dedicated to E-bus (UITP Bus Committee, UITP-Troll-Committee, Clean Fleets Project, Hybrid User Forum, Civitas, ZeEUS user group ....

Our activities:

Line EKO 1 (Vukov spomenik – '' Belvil '')

• The new line, which connects the Old and New

Belgrade

• Regeneration of electrical PT with electric drive on

New Belgrade

• Line passing through the center of city
• High attraction lines
• Fulfills energy requirements for setting up the

charger to the terminus

Elements of operation of the line 1E

Line EKO 1

Number E.bus in operation ( 4 ) Total length (km) (L1+L2) Charging time (min) Turnar

• und

time (min) interval (min) freq .(bus/h) Q (pass/h) 16,1 16 (9+7) 62-68 20 3 240

• line length 8 km

The choice of concept of E-bus

Position of super capacitors

Opportune charge on Terminus via pantograph Storage using super capacitors

• Principle: Electro static
• High power
• High efficiency 92-98%
• Temperature range: -40 +65 C.
• Short charge on terminal 5-8 min
• The flexibility of the rapid charging

and discharging

• Larger lifetime: min 10 years
• Suitability of recycling
• Acceptable charge time
• Ability to connect to the trolleybus and tram contact

network ( DC), or public distribution electric grid (AC)

• E.bus can work all day (especially important in

summer when air conditioning is used as a large consumer)

charging phase E-bus to the terminus

• Table. 8 Technical Data

Manufacturer ................................................................................ Higher Type ..................................................................................... Electric KLQ6 Length / width / height …………………………. 12000/2550/3680 mm Curb weight..................................................................................12540 kg Passengers……………………………………………….….....……82+1 Mаx.speed……………………………………………………….70 km / h Charging the terminus: 660 V DC or 380 V AC, 580 V DC output, 250 A Charging time at the terminus ... ............................................ 5-8 minutes storage system Electricity ........................................................................ super capacitors Capacity ........................................................................................ 20 kWh Manufacturer ................................................................................... Aowei Type .................................................................... U-CAP (37DT6-03210) Traction motors ...................................................................................... 2 Manufacturer ............................................................................. Siemens Type ......................................................................................... 1PV5135 Power ........... 2x90 kW (peak opt.)………....... ... 2x67 kW (nom. Opt.) Torque ....................................................................................2x430 Nm Inverter ..................................................................................... DC / AC Manufacturer .......................................................................... Zhonglian Type ...................................................................... IEVD 130-60ZO6GA Working range .............................................. 580 V DC / AC 500-650V Convereter ................................................................................ DC / DC Manufacturer ...........................................................................Zhonglian Type ........................................................................................ DY074C Working range ................................................................12-24-48 V DC Charging system: Pantograph ........................................................... Aowei 37DT6-03212 Auxiliary systems: Air conditioning .................................................... Thermoking 81DT6 Pump control ......................................................... KVD HDZXB 1416 Compressor ....................................................................... IEM ER 230 UC-Cooler ...................................................................... Aowei 37DT6 Traction control .......................................................... Siemens 10DT6 External display ................................................................. Novatronic

E-bus HIGER KLQ6

Technical data Input voltage

AC 3x380 V DC 660 V

Power

150 kW

Output voltage

400-600 V DC

Maximum current

200-250 А DC

The height from the ground

4.5-4.6 m

Charging station ‘’Vukov spomenik’’ (DC/DC) Charging station ‘’Belvil'‘ (AC/DC) charger in depot "Dorcol" 60 kW (DC / DC)

Maintenance, Safety measures, Day care Simpler maintenance compared to the diesel bus

• Vital parts of the electrical components (inverters,

converters, air copresor, pump, supercap ...) modular type Short replacement time

traction inverters compressor, steering pump

super capacitor

Block diagram of components and flows for electric bus – Higer KLQ 6

Diagnosis or defects are identified in the instrument panel, monitoring in real time

Comparative overview of components and systems on the bus

Lower maintenance costs ( compared to a diesel bus about 3 times, E.bus 3700 Euro/year, Diesel 11 000 Euro/year )

Check list of services on the 20 000 km (40 000, 60 000, 80 000 km )

Safety measures

Operation and maintenance of buses on a purely electrical drive means strict adherence to prescribed security measures and procedures

• All components of the high voltage control system must be marked

with a warning label and must comply with the electrical current protection according to the ECE R100.

Sticker marking high-voltage locations

Marking the invertor with a warning sticker

• Drivers operating E-buses must have safety training in the

exploitation and charging of E-buses at the depot and terminus.

• Passengers should not be in the E-bus during charging at the

terminal.

• Training for maintenance workers with security procedures during

preventive and corrective maintenance.

• E-buses must be fitted with a system for detection fire and

automatic extinguishing and a switch for switching off the voltage from batteries or super capacitors . Fire detection system

Switch off the voltage from the super capacitor

• When replacing or repairing components and systems that are

under high voltage, the input voltage must be switched off.

• batteries or super capacitors must be designed or provided

with additional equipment ('shock absorbers‘)

• Every day, after the end of the operation, the vehicle

passes the automotive line for the external washing of the vehicle

• Routine review system for braking, steering, signaling

• Exploitation indicators:
• Working hours per vehicle on day 16-18 h
• Realized daily mileage per vehicle 190-215 km
• Exploitation speed: 14.8 km / h
• Daily number of passengers transported per vehicle 900-1200
• Reliability of work on the line: 97.5%

The average electricity consumption on the EKO 1 line is about 1.1 kWh / km. (Depending on

• perating mode, number of passengers, traffic conditions, Expressed impact of the system for

heating and air conditioning of the vehicle

• 1. Transition period (outdoor temperatures 12 to 24 C)
• 2. Summer period (outdoor temperatures 25 to 38 C)
• 3. Winter period (outdoor temperature -11 to 12 C)

consumption may vary: In the spring / autumn period, 1.1 kWh / km direction "A" 0.88 - 1.02 kWh / km direction "B" 1.15 -1.3 kWh / km In the summer period 1.5 kWh/km (air conditioning included, external temperature + 38 C) In the winter period max 2 kWh / km (heating included, at outdoor temperatures of -10 C)

Loss of electricity in the charging phase (network, charger, pantograph, super capacitor) about 5%

in the period 14.8-6.10.2017 e.buses were not in operation because of the works in Roswelt street

E.bus realized recovery of electricity in the braking phase of about 30% compared to the energy consumed to drive

2.Mach 2018, linija Eko 1 , direction Vuk-Belvil, time 10:23-10:52

• Environmentas

"O" emission of harmful gases

Comparison of the emissions of harmful gases of one E.bus and diesel buses on the line ECO 1. annual mileage 60 000 km, consumption* 44 L/100 km Pollutant

E-bus Emissions of diesel buses* (Euro 3) Emissions of diesel buses* (Euro 4) Emissions

• f diesel

buses* (Euro 5-EEV) Emissions

• f diesel

buses* (Euro 6)

(kg/annual level) (kg/annual level) (kg/annual level) (kg/annual level) (kg/annual level)

CO 206 147 147 147 CxHy 64.7 45.2 24.3 12.75 NOx 490.4 342.1 195.7 39.2 PM 10 9.8 1.96 1.95 0.95

low noise level , compared to a diesel bus lower by 13 db (A)

• Emission CO2 , WTW

mco2 =mf*gc* 44/12

mCO2- Mass of carbon dioxide generated by burning fuel mf - the mass of fuel burned gc – (kgC / kg fuel) ratio of the amount of carbon in the fuel 44 -molarna mass of carbon dioxide CO2 12- molar mass of carbon C

WtW=mco2*1.2

Type of bus Consumption Emission

• f

CO2 (g/km) E-bus 1.155(kWh/km) 867.9 (g/km) Diesel 0,44 (L/ Km) 1157 (g/km)

WtW CO2 emissions, for example, EKO 1 line

E.bus achieves lower CO2 emissions by 33%, compared with a diesel bus

St.emiss.fact Serbia-751 t CO2/MWh

Expected period of profitability of E-bus about 7 years

E.bus

Diesel

Thank you!