Searching for Low Mass Dark Matter with the SuperCDMS SNOLAB - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Searching for Low Mass Dark Matter with the SuperCDMS SNOLAB - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Searching for Low Mass Dark Matter with the SuperCDMS SNOLAB Detectors Bruno Serfass UC Berkeley PM2018 - 14th Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors SuperCDMS: Searching for Dark Matter For the past 25 years, the
- [/]
- σ []
- σ []
- SuperCDMS: Searching for Dark Matter
Ø For the past 25 years, the CDMS/SuperCDMS Collaboration has been searching for Dark Matter primarily in the form of WIMPs Ø SuperCDMS detectors were in operation at Soudan, Minnesota, until 2015. New detectors will run deeper, in SNOLAB, Canada (operation starting in 2020).
- Low-Mass Dark Matter Search with
- CDMSlite. Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018)
- Results from the Super Cryogenic
Dark Matter Search Experiment at Soudan Phys.Rev.Lett. 120 (2018)
- More results coming soon…
Recent SuperCDMS Limits on WIMP-Nucleon cross section:
2 ¡ LUX ¡ DAMIC ¡
WIMPs not the only candidate, many well motivated DM models at light mass ¡
SuperCDMS: Searching for Dark Matter
(“US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter”: 1707.04591)
3 ¡
SuperCDMS: Searching for Dark Matter
- SuperCDMS SNOLAB Science Goals: Search for DM at
lower Mass: 300 MeV < MDM < 10GeV
- Can we probe for DM at even lower masses with SuperCDMS
detector technology? ~keV < MDM < 300 MeV
(“US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter”: 1707.04591)
4 ¡
χ0 ¡ γ ¡
Transfer of DM kinetic energy inefficient when Mn >> MDM for elastic scatters
∆E = ∆P 2 2MN . 2M 2
DMv2 DM
MN
<latexit sha1_base64="y7iQk91HX3K5CrB5gJXB4E/f2CU=">ACPHicbVC7SgNBFJ31bXxFLW0Gg2AVdhdBLYTgA2yUCIkRsjHMTu7qkNkHM7NCGPbHbPwHOzsbCxVbayfZLTxwMDhnHO5c4+fcCaVb9YU9Mzs3PzC4ulpeWV1bXy+sa1jFNBoUljHosbn0jgLIKmYorDTSKAhD6Hlt8/GfqtBxCSxVFDRLohOQuYgGjRBmpW254p8AVwWf4CHuBIFQXQv1Wu1mXzR1ZdZhj0OUkoW4iI2Mk4vsmHsIWdupvNwt1yxq/YIeJI4BamgAvVu+dnrxTQNIVKUEynbjp2ojiZCMcohK3mphITQPrmDtqERCUF29Oj6DO8YpYeDWJgXKTxSf09oEko5CH2TDIm6l+PeUPzPa6cqOhoFiWpgojmi4KUYxXjYZW4xwRQxQeGECqY+Sum98SUo0zhJVOCM37yJGm61cOqc7VXqR0XbSygLbSNdpGD9lENnaM6aiKHtErekcf1pP1Zn1aX3l0yipmNtEfWN8/f7it7A=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="y7iQk91HX3K5CrB5gJXB4E/f2CU=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="y7iQk91HX3K5CrB5gJXB4E/f2CU=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="y7iQk91HX3K5CrB5gJXB4E/f2CU=">ACPHicbVC7SgNBFJ31bXxFLW0Gg2AVdhdBLYTgA2yUCIkRsjHMTu7qkNkHM7NCGPbHbPwHOzsbCxVbayfZLTxwMDhnHO5c4+fcCaVb9YU9Mzs3PzC4ulpeWV1bXy+sa1jFNBoUljHosbn0jgLIKmYorDTSKAhD6Hlt8/GfqtBxCSxVFDRLohOQuYgGjRBmpW254p8AVwWf4CHuBIFQXQv1Wu1mXzR1ZdZhj0OUkoW4iI2Mk4vsmHsIWdupvNwt1yxq/YIeJI4BamgAvVu+dnrxTQNIVKUEynbjp2ojiZCMcohK3mphITQPrmDtqERCUF29Oj6DO8YpYeDWJgXKTxSf09oEko5CH2TDIm6l+PeUPzPa6cqOhoFiWpgojmi4KUYxXjYZW4xwRQxQeGECqY+Sum98SUo0zhJVOCM37yJGm61cOqc7VXqR0XbSygLbSNdpGD9lENnaM6aiKHtErekcf1pP1Zn1aX3l0yipmNtEfWN8/f7it7A=</latexit>Elastic Nuclear Scattering
Searching for dark matter with MDM>300MeV: Nuclear recoils
5 ¡
Searching for dark matter with MDM>300MeV: Nuclear recoils
χ0 ¡ γ ¡
Elastic Nuclear Scattering
Ø The primary design driver for SuperCDMS and all Light Mass experiments is Energy Sensitivity
¡
6 ¡
Ø To probe MDM<300MeV, we need to look for DM interactions with more efficiently transfer kinetic energy to the target è è Electron recoils Ø The inelastic electron recoil DM scattering rate depends strongly the size of the target material's band gap è è Ge preferable
Inelastic Electron Scattering
DM DM e- e-
kinetic mixing photon hidden! photon
1 10 102 103 10-43 10-42 10-41 10-40 10-39 10-38 10-37 10-36 10-35 10-34 10-33 10-32 mDM @MeVD se @cm2D FDM µ 1êq2 XENON10 ER He Ar Xe Ge
Freeze-In
Ultra-light Dark Photon (Essig ¡et ¡al ¡1108.5383) ¡
Ø Sensitivity depends on threshold ¡ è è Design driver: semiconductor detector with sensitivity to single electron-hole pairs ¡
Ø To probe MDM<300MeV, we need to look for DM interactions with more efficiently transfer kinetic energy to the target è è Electron recoils Ø The inelastic electron recoil DM scattering rate depends strongly the size of the target material's band gap è è Ge preferable
Inelastic Electron Scattering
DM DM e- e-
kinetic mixing photon hidden! photon
Ø Sensitivity depends on threshold ¡ è è Design driver: semiconductor detector with sensitivity to single electron-hole pairs ¡
(Essig ¡et ¡al ¡ ¡1509.01598) ¡
Dark Photon Absorption
9 ¡
Ø Analogous to photoelectric absorption, but with a dark photon A' being absorbed Ø Detected through emission of phonons in semiconductor (ensures momentum conservation) Ø Expected signal: Peak at electron recoil energy corresponding to mA' ¡
Momentum ¡ ¡ ¡
Energy ¡[eV] ¡ Band ¡Diagram ¡for ¡Si ¡
Ø High-purity Ge and Si crystals operated at 10’s of mK Ø Measure athermal phonon signal via transition edge sensor Ø Multiple channels give position information Ø Two types of detectors:
- Interleaved Z-dependent Ionization and Phonon (iZIP): higher mass DM, optimized
for background rejection
- High-Voltage (CDMS-HV): lower mass DM, optimized for low threshold
SuperCDMS SNOLAB Detectors
10 ¡
100 ¡mm ¡ 33 ¡mm ¡
Ge: 1.39 kg, Si: 0.61 kg
100 ¡mm ¡ 33 ¡mm ¡
iZIP Detectors
- Simultaneously ¡measure ¡charge ¡and ¡phonon ¡
energy ¡from ¡dark ¡maCer ¡interacDons ¡ ¡ ¡
- For an electron recoil in Ge, an e-/h+ pair is
produced for every 3.0 eV of recoil energy. Nuclear recoils are less efficient, by a factor
- f 2 to 10 above 1 keVr
è è ER/NR discrimination via yield=Ionization E / Recoil E
¡
- Reject ¡surface ¡events ¡via ¡asymmetric ¡charge ¡
signal ¡from ¡interleaved ¡electrodes ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡
(Soudan iZIP data) ¡ 11 ¡
surface-‑event ¡misidenDcaDon ¡prob. ¡<10-‑5 ¡
HV Detectors: Neganov-Trofimov-Luke Phonon Amplification
12 ¡
- Drifting charges release kinetic energy via NTL Phonon Production
- Luke phonons drown out intrinsic recoil phonon signature, No yield
discrimination
- ¡
Recoil ¡Phonons ¡ Luke ¡Phonons ¡ ΔV ¡
Etotal = Erecoil + ENT L = Erecoil + nehe∆V
<latexit sha1_base64="dtC+DTImeF2wyBa+0yQXTuaDKY=">ACPXicbVBNSyNBEO1R19W4atSjl8bgsiCEGRF29yCIH+BRMFRIROGnk7FNOnpHrprhDML/Pib/Dm0YsHFa9e7cQgGn3Q8OrVK6rJZkUFn3/1hsbn/gx+XNqujLza3ZuvrqweGp1bjiEXEtzhNmQoFIQqUcJ4ZYGki4Szp7vT7Z5dgrNDqBHsZNFN2oURbcIZOiqvhXlygRiZL+nuTusIA18JVa/3i8OSgpFUoe8YNam4gE5JgUa7IJHR04E9rtb8uj8A/UqCIamRIY7i6k3U0jxPQSGXzNpG4GfYLJhBwSWUlSi3kDHeZRfQcFSxFGyzGJxf0lWntGhbG/cU0oH6caJgqbW9NHOlGHjvb64ne9Ro7tf81CqCxHUPxtUTuXFDXtZ0lbwgWBsucI40a4v1LeYZxdIlXAjB6MlfSbhe/18PjdqW9vDNKbIMlkhf0hA/pItsk+OSEg4uSJ35IE8etfevfkPb9Zx7zhzBL5BO/lFVP9qWI=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="dtC+DTImeF2wyBa+0yQXTuaDKY=">ACPXicbVBNSyNBEO1R19W4atSjl8bgsiCEGRF29yCIH+BRMFRIROGnk7FNOnpHrprhDML/Pib/Dm0YsHFa9e7cQgGn3Q8OrVK6rJZkUFn3/1hsbn/gx+XNqujLza3ZuvrqweGp1bjiEXEtzhNmQoFIQqUcJ4ZYGki4Szp7vT7Z5dgrNDqBHsZNFN2oURbcIZOiqvhXlygRiZL+nuTusIA18JVa/3i8OSgpFUoe8YNam4gE5JgUa7IJHR04E9rtb8uj8A/UqCIamRIY7i6k3U0jxPQSGXzNpG4GfYLJhBwSWUlSi3kDHeZRfQcFSxFGyzGJxf0lWntGhbG/cU0oH6caJgqbW9NHOlGHjvb64ne9Ro7tf81CqCxHUPxtUTuXFDXtZ0lbwgWBsucI40a4v1LeYZxdIlXAjB6MlfSbhe/18PjdqW9vDNKbIMlkhf0hA/pItsk+OSEg4uSJ35IE8etfevfkPb9Zx7zhzBL5BO/lFVP9qWI=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="dtC+DTImeF2wyBa+0yQXTuaDKY=">ACPXicbVBNSyNBEO1R19W4atSjl8bgsiCEGRF29yCIH+BRMFRIROGnk7FNOnpHrprhDML/Pib/Dm0YsHFa9e7cQgGn3Q8OrVK6rJZkUFn3/1hsbn/gx+XNqujLza3ZuvrqweGp1bjiEXEtzhNmQoFIQqUcJ4ZYGki4Szp7vT7Z5dgrNDqBHsZNFN2oURbcIZOiqvhXlygRiZL+nuTusIA18JVa/3i8OSgpFUoe8YNam4gE5JgUa7IJHR04E9rtb8uj8A/UqCIamRIY7i6k3U0jxPQSGXzNpG4GfYLJhBwSWUlSi3kDHeZRfQcFSxFGyzGJxf0lWntGhbG/cU0oH6caJgqbW9NHOlGHjvb64ne9Ro7tf81CqCxHUPxtUTuXFDXtZ0lbwgWBsucI40a4v1LeYZxdIlXAjB6MlfSbhe/18PjdqW9vDNKbIMlkhf0hA/pItsk+OSEg4uSJ35IE8etfevfkPb9Zx7zhzBL5BO/lFVP9qWI=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="dtC+DTImeF2wyBa+0yQXTuaDKY=">ACPXicbVBNSyNBEO1R19W4atSjl8bgsiCEGRF29yCIH+BRMFRIROGnk7FNOnpHrprhDML/Pib/Dm0YsHFa9e7cQgGn3Q8OrVK6rJZkUFn3/1hsbn/gx+XNqujLza3ZuvrqweGp1bjiEXEtzhNmQoFIQqUcJ4ZYGki4Szp7vT7Z5dgrNDqBHsZNFN2oURbcIZOiqvhXlygRiZL+nuTusIA18JVa/3i8OSgpFUoe8YNam4gE5JgUa7IJHR04E9rtb8uj8A/UqCIamRIY7i6k3U0jxPQSGXzNpG4GfYLJhBwSWUlSi3kDHeZRfQcFSxFGyzGJxf0lWntGhbG/cU0oH6caJgqbW9NHOlGHjvb64ne9Ro7tf81CqCxHUPxtUTuXFDXtZ0lbwgWBsucI40a4v1LeYZxdIlXAjB6MlfSbhe/18PjdqW9vDNKbIMlkhf0hA/pItsk+OSEg4uSJ35IE8etfevfkPb9Zx7zhzBL5BO/lFVP9qWI=</latexit>P .N. Luke et al. NIM A289, 405 (1990)
HV Detectors: Predicted background
13 ¡
Predicted background spectrum in Ge HV Detectors after fiducial cuts Total ¡ ¡ ¡
3H ¡and ¡Comptons ¡
¡Ge ¡acDvaDon ¡ ¡Surface ¡betas ¡ ¡Surface ¡206Pb ¡ ¡ neutrons ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡Coherent ¡neutrinos ¡
1 ¡GeV ¡ ¡WIMP ¡with ¡σ ¡= ¡10-‑42 ¡cm2
¡ ¡
10 ¡GeV ¡ ¡
14 ¡
SuperCDMS SNOLAB Performance Goals
Soudan ¡ SNOLAB ¡ Phonon ¡resoluDon, ¡eVt ¡ ~250 ¡ HV: ¡10, ¡iZIP: ¡50 ¡ HV ¡Bias ¡Voltage, ¡V ¡ 70 ¡ 100 ¡ iZIP ¡Charge ¡resoluDon, ¡eVee ¡ ~400 ¡ 160 ¡ HV ¡Threshold, ¡eVnr ¡ 300 ¡ 40 ¡
- 4 tower initial payload
- 2 HV (4 Ge, 2 Si each)
- 2 iZIP (6 Ge in 1, 4/2 Ge/Si other)
- SNOLAB Fridge, cryostat
capable of 31 towers, nominal 15 mK
- Full operation will start in 2020
15 ¡
CDMS HVeV: Prototype Single e-/h+ Device
Ø Single e-h pair sensitivity has been recently demonstrated in a 1 cm2 x 4 mm (0.93g) Si crystal Ø Device operated on surface at Stanford
R.K. ¡Romani ¡et ¡al., ¡Appl.Phys.LeC. ¡112 ¡(2018) ¡043501 ¡
16 ¡
Ø Calibration data using a pulsed monochromatic 650 nm laser (1.91 eV photons)
CDMS HVeV: Prototype Single e-/h+ Device
17 ¡
Charge Leakage Dependence on Voltage Bias
- We chose to run at 140V: Maximum NTL Gain without increased
surface dark count rate
- Pre-bias: Increase voltage by 10V for 5 min before taking data. This
improved performance (as seen in CDMSlite at Soudan)
- @140V with Pre-bias: Average event rate of 2 Hz
18 ¡
Dark Matter Search Event Rate Spectrum
An exposure of 12.6 hours passed the initial, trigger- and leakage- burst cuts ¡ è science exposure of 0.49 g-day for the 0.93 g detector è probe new parameter space from 500keV< MDM<5MeV ¡
19 ¡
CDMS HVeV Dark Matter Limits
arXiv:1804.10697 ¡ ¡ ¡ (submiCed ¡to ¡Phys.Rev.LeC) ¡ ¡ light ¡mediator ¡ ¡ heavy ¡ ¡mediator ¡
Inelastic Electronic DM ¡
Dark Photon Absorption ¡
Summary
20 ¡
Ø SuperCDMS is moving to SNOLAB after more than a decade of leading direct DM search in Soudan Ø SuperCDMS SNOLAB will focus on low-mass DM 300MeV < MDM < 10GeV using a combination of Ge/Si iZIP and HV detectors Ø Installation in SNOLAB starts next year, operation in 2020 Ø A small volume 0.93g SuperCDMS R&D detector has demonstrated the capability to measure single e-h+ energy depositions Ø An initial science run at the surface with 0.49 g-day of exposure, was able to probe new parameter space from 500keV< MDM<5MeV
21 ¡
22 ¡
Extra ¡
Collect ¡and ¡Concentrate ¡ Phonon ¡Energy ¡into ¡W ¡TES ¡ (TransiDon ¡Edge ¡Sensor) ¡ ¡
R T
Athermal Phonon Sensor
23 ¡