SLIDE 1
RTUK- Protection of Minors National Regulations and Applications
OIC Broadcasting Regulatory Authorities Forum IBRAF 3th Annual Meeting Marrakech, Morocco 19-20 Dec 2013 Nurullah ÖZTÜRK RTUK Member nurullahozturk@rtuk.org.tr
SLIDE 2 Content of the Presentation
- 1. Turkish Law on the Establishment of Radio and Television Enterprises and Their Media
Services No:6112
Article 8/1-ğ & 8/2, 3 (Responsibilities of Media Service Providers in the Context of Protection of Minors)
Article 9/ç (Protection of Minors in the Commercial Communication in Media Services)
Table of Reports (Sanctioned Reports)
- 2. Major Projects & Practices on Protection of Minors
Media Literacy (2006)
Survey Series on children viewing habits (2006)
Smart Signs (2006)
Media Ethics Code (2007)
“Children! It’s time to go to sleep” Project (2010)
1st Children and Media Congress (2013)
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1.Turkish Broadcasting Law No:6112
Turkish Law on the Establishment of Radio and Television Enterprises and Their Media Services No:6112 New Broadcasting Law, dated 15.02.2011, is designed to be in line with the provisions of EU Audiovisual Media Services Directive on many items of media service principles and commercial communication (advertising, teleshopping, advertisement of certain products, sponsorship, product placement etc.) Media service principles ARTICLE 8 – (1) Media service providers shall provide their media services in line with the principles under this paragraph with an understanding of public responsibility.
SLIDE 4 Turkish Broadcasting Law No:6112 ğ) shall not contain abuse of children and powerless and disabled people
- r incite violence against them;
(2) In radio and television broadcasts, any programmes, which could impair the physical, mental, or moral development of young people and children shall not be broadcast within the time intervals that they may be viewing and without a cautionary/protective symbol. (3) On demand media service providers shall ensure the provision of media services, which could adversely impact the physical, mental or moral development of young people and children in such manner that under normal circumstances they will not hear and see such services.
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8.1/a 1 8.1/b 2 8.1/c 30 8.1/ç 176 8.1/d 8 8.1/e 3 8.1/f 52 8.1/g 8.1/ğ 6 8.1/h 17 8.1/ı 39 8.1/i 20 8.1/j 86 8.1/k 8.1/l 448 8.1/m 85 8.1/n 5 8.1/o 4 8.1/ö 45 8.1/p 8.1/r 13 8.1/s 7 8.1/ş 17 8/2. Article 121 8/3. Article
03/03/2011 to 17/12/2013 Principles for Media Services & Sanctioned Reports in numbers
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Turkish Broadcasting Law No:6112 Commercial Communication in Media Services ARTICLE 9: General Principles (6) Without prejudice to the principles and standards stipulated in Article 8, commercial communication; ç) shall not impair physical, mental or moral development of children; shall not directly exhort children to buy or hire a product or service by exploiting their inexperience or credulity; shall not directly encourage them to persuade their parents or others to purchase the goods or services being advertised; shall not exploit their trust in their parents, teachers or other persons, or unreasonably show children in dangerous situations.
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9/1 7 9/3 1339 9/5 1 9/6 (b) 15 9/6 (c) 1210 9/6 (ç) 192 9/6 (d) 1 10/1 431 10/2 240 10/3 20 10/4 219 10/6 5 10/7 24 10/10 41 11/1 1 11/2 25 11/3 3 11/4 2 12/1 51 12/2 58 12/3 1 12/4 9 12/5 15 13/1 2 13/3 18 13/4 1
03/03/2011 to 17/12/2013 Principles for Commercial Communication Sanctioned Report Numbers
SLIDE 8
- 2. Major projects&practices on protection of Minors)
Media Literacy
(details are in following slides)
Survey Series on children viewing habits
(details are in following slides)
Smart Signs
Informative system for the protection of children from harmful content (details are in following slides)
Media Ethics Code
As a co-regulatory measure signed in 2007 by broadcasters. The project was conducted with a study initiated by RTUK.
Children! It’s time to go to sleep” Project
An animated character invites the children to bed every night at 9:30pm. (details are in following slides)
1st Children and Media Congress
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Media Literacy
Initiated by Radio and Television Supreme Council in cooperation with Ministry of
National Education in the Academic Year of 2006-2007,
Started as a pilot project at secondary schools in 5 different provinces of Turkey, At the beginning only 7th class students,
Enlarged whole country in the Academic Year of 2008-2009 in secondary schools in 6,7 and 8th classes as a selective lesson.
For the academic year 2008 – 20091.5 million students selected media literacy
lesson in 34.000 schools. The number of Media Literacy Education teachers in Turkey is approx. 12.000.
Up to date in total approximately 4 million student selected this lesson. RTÜK prepared an “introduction film for media literacy” to be shown on TVs and
text books for media literacy lessons in cooperation with Ministry of Education.
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Surveys on Children’s Viewing Habits (2006-2009)
The average viewing time of the children of primary school age is nearly 4 hours (3.42)
a day
children spent approx. 1500 hours watching TV (for comparison; 900 hours in school)
yearly
82 % of the children decide themselves on what to watch and how long to watch The most disturbing content for children is obscenity, followed by violence and people
in miserable situations (crying, sad, etc.)
The typical Turkish viewer spends a daily average of 4,5 hours in front of the screen Most of the parents (70%) reported that children watch TV with them and in general only
13% of children watch TV alone.
Turkish parents prefer co viewing as a parental mediation but they are quite
incompetent to restrict their children’s TV viewing especially in the evenings
The percent of parents who want to be informed about possible harmful content of TV
programmes is 75%
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Smart Signs
Started operating on 23 April 2006 In first years the system was exercised on voluntary one. In practice RTUK advised and
assisted the usage of the system through issuing ‘implementation rules and principles’ Training of sector coders and preparing guidance handbooks for coders Giving help desk services Managing the Web Site of system
The new Law no 6112 on the Establishment of Radio and Television Enterprises and Their
Media Services, which entered into force on 15.02.2011, regulates the usage of Smart Signs classification system and thus makes it obligatory for media service providers
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Smart Signs
Pictograms
Violence/Fear Age 18 and Up After 24:00 Age 13 and Up After 21:30 Age 7 and Up All times All Sex Bad Behaviors (Discrimination, alcohol, tobacco and drug abuse, bad language etc.)
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Smart Signs
Programs rated All and 7+ can be broadcast at all times. Programs getting 13+ shall be broadcast after 21:30. 18+ programs shall be broadcast after 24:00 till 05.00 am All pictograms of a programme (age pictogram + content pictograms) shall be
broadcast full screen for at least 5 seconds before the generic of the programme.
All and 7+ pictograms shall be broadcast at least 15 seconds on the upper right
edge of the screen at the beginning of the programme and when the programme resumes after a break.
13+ and 18+ shall be permanent on the screen throughout the programme.
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Smart Signs
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Media Ethics Code
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“Children! It’s time to go to sleep” Project
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“Children! It’s time to go to sleep” Project
RTUK, in cooperation with Television Broadcasters’ Association
(broadcasters’ NGO) started a new project as from the beginning of October 2010.
At 9.30 pm, simultaneously at every national TV channel, Smart Signs’ logo character “Tele” appears on the bottom line of the screen and with
an eye-catching soundless animation reminds children that it is bedtime.
There are also informative spot films of celebrities (X) addressing to children,
explaining the necessity and the benefits of going bed on early hours and inviting them to bed. (X) Ministry of Education, A prominent Professor of Child Phsciatry, A well known Basketball Player and A famous actor
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“Children! It’s time to go to sleep”
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“Children! It’s time to go to sleep”
SLIDE 20
1st Children and Media Congress
The Congress held in Istanbul on 14-15 November 2013, in
coordination with the General Directorate of Press, Broadcasting and Information, and Childrens’ Foundation
The main theme of the Congress was protective and authorizing
media that develops content based on children’s rights.
The Congress included 33 presentations from Turkey and 24
presentations from abroad;
The results of 4 children and media research projects presented The 1st Turkey Children and Media Strategy and
Implementation Plan for 2014-2018 negotiated and finalised.
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1st Children and Media Congress
Subjects and Main Themes of the Presentations, Sessions and Workshops at the Congress: Children’s rights and media, media that respects children, children friendly media, family and media, representation of children in media, children that develop differently and media, language development strategies and media, reading habits and media, screen dependency, media violence, gender representations in children’s media, cyber bullying and cyber victims, safe internet, cognitive development, education and media, children’s use of media and its effects, media literacy for children, digital media, images of fear in electronic media, online advertising and children, media pedagogy, media etc.
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1st Children and Media Congress
New Researches on Children and Media
RTÜK (Supreme Board of Radio and Television) / Research on Children’s
Media Use Habits in Turkey, 2013
TÜİK (Turkish Statistical Institute) / Research on Children’s Use of Information
Technology, 2013
TRT Çocuk (TRT Children) / Research on Transformation of Educational
Targets for Children into Entertaining Content
TRT Çocuk (TRT Children) / Relations of the Secondary School Children with
the Traditional and New Media and the Comparison of the Nature of Those Relations
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1st Children and Media Congress
RTÜK (Supreme Board of Radio and Television) / Research on Children’s Media Use Habits in Turkey, 2013 The survey whose sampling represents the overall landscape of Turkey has been realised through setting up face-to-face dialogues with 4.306 students at ages between 6-18 attending between 1st and 12th classes of the schools located in all the villages, towns, counties and city centres of 26 cities.
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1st Children and Media Congress
RTÜK (Supreme Board of Radio and Television) / Research on Children’s Media Use Habits in Turkey, 2013
Television fell out of favour, new generations’ preference is mobile phones; They place value on books, newspapers and magazines at most and
spend much of their time for mobile phones;
Children at their ages between 6-18 spare their time on the average in
their daily lives as follows: 2 hours and 39 minutes for mobile phones, 1 hour and 55 minutes for television, 1 hour and 48 minutes for internet, 1 hour and 34 minutes for computers and tablets (offline), 1 hour 32 minutes for reading books, newspapers and magazines (except for their school books) and 58 minutes for listening to radio stations.
SLIDE 25 1st Children and Media Congress
RTÜK (Supreme Board of Radio and Television) / Research on Children’s Media Use Habits in Turkey, 2013
The rate of the students owning their own room with a TV set is 40 percent
and accordingly, with a computer/tablet is 80 percent; with an internet connection is 65 percent; with a fixed telephone is 13,8 percent; and with a radio is 14 percent.
While books, newspapers and magazines, placing in first in the ranking of
importance of means of communication with the rate of 70.7 per cent, 60.8 per cent of the internet, computer / tablet 48.6 per cent, 45 per cent
- f mobile phone, television 40.5 per cent. ‘Radio’, being an oldest one
among the means of communication examined was evaluated by the students in category of “not important” 55.2%.
SLIDE 26 1st Children and Media Congress
RTÜK (Supreme Board of Radio and Television) / Research on Children’s Media Use Habits in Turkey, 2013
Means of communications reported for each category as most positive
affect are books, newspapers and magazines. While Internet is in the second, television is the third.
%46,3 of the children who attended the research have their own mobile
- phones. The case of “having mobile phone” increases depending on the
education and income level and it reaches %89,5 at the high school. %75,5 of the students have internet connection in their mobile phones.
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1st Children and Media Congress
Turkey’s First Children and Media Strategy Principal purposes of the Strategy Paper:
A Children-Friendly Media Setting Developing Media Literacy in Turkey
Vision of the Strategy Paper:
“So as to develop the relations between children-media based on respect towards
child and rights of the child, rendering Turkey media-literate while all the parties are aware of their responsibilities.”
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1st Children and Media Congress
Turkey’s First Children and Media Strategy What is to be done in 5 years?
Turkey Children and Media Map will be drawn Turkey Children and Media Law will be prepared Children and Media Monitoring Committee will be set up
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1st Children and Media Congress
Turkey’s First Children and Media Strategy 12 Strategic Goals and Indicators to be reached on 2014-2018 set forth in the Strategy Paper are as follows:
Raising awareness and knowledge on the UN Convention on the Rights of
the Child for all the related parties
Developing media content and applications respectful to the rights of the
child
Developing the media literacy training in all the stages of formal education Developing media literacy abilities during life-long learning
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1st Children and Media Congress
Turkey’s First Children and Media Strategy 12 Strategic Goals and Indicators to be reached on 2014-2018 set forth in the Strategy Paper are as follows:
Providing children with participation to the content development,
monitoring and control processes in the media
Developing appropriate processes where all children are represented
regardless of their differences within the frame of equality and ethics
Developing child-oriented media content in line with our cultural values Developing civil control models targeting children-media relations
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1st Children and Media Congress
Turkey’s First Children and Media Strategy 12 Strategic Goals and Indicators to be reached on 2014-2018 set forth in the Strategy Paper are as follows:
Developing a legal structure targeting "media" while taking all
developmental features of the child
Developing a reliable media in which family, children and teachers can
effectively communicate
Developing strategies so that children can acquire reading habit in early
ages
Promoting research and implementation centers working on children and
media
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RTUK- Protection of Minors National Regulations and Applications Thank You For Your Attention Nurullah ÖZTÜRK RTUK Member Marrakech, Morocco 19-20 Dec 2013
