RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location J. Prieto 1 , A. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location J. Prieto 1 , A. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location J. Prieto 1 , A. Bahillo 1 , S. Mazuelas 1 , J. Blas 1 , andez 2 , and R. M. Lorenzo 2 P. Fern 1 CEDETEL (Center for the Development of Telecommunications). Parque Tecnol ogico de Boecillo

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SLIDE 1

RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

  • J. Prieto1, A. Bahillo1, S. Mazuelas1, J. Blas1,
  • P. Fern´

andez2, and R. M. Lorenzo2

1CEDETEL (Center for the Development of Telecommunications).

Parque Tecnol´

  • gico de Boecillo (Valladolid). Spain

Email: jprieto@cedetel.es

2Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Engineering

University of Valladolid. Spain Email: patfer@tel.uva.es

NAV08/ILA37 October 2008

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SLIDE 2

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 3

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Wireless cellular location techniques

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 4

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Wireless cellular location techniques

Time of Arrival (ToA) Received Signal Strength (RSS)

Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)

Angle of Arrival (AoA)

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 5

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Wireless cellular location techniques

Time of Arrival (ToA) Received Signal Strength (RSS)

Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)

Angle of Arrival (AoA)

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Wireless cellular location techniques

Time of Arrival (ToA) Received Signal Strength (RSS)

Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)

Angle of Arrival (AoA)

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-7
SLIDE 7

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Wireless cellular location techniques

Time of Arrival (ToA) Received Signal Strength (RSS)

Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)

Angle of Arrival (AoA)

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-8
SLIDE 8

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 9

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

RTS/CTS handshake AP processing time constant and independent of the traffic load RTT = tp + tproc + tp Round Trip Time

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 10

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

RTS/CTS handshake AP processing time constant and independent of the traffic load RTT = tp + tproc + tp Round Trip Time

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-11
SLIDE 11

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

RTS/CTS handshake AP processing time constant and independent of the traffic load RTT = tp + tproc + tp tp RTS propagation time Round Trip Time

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 12

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

RTS/CTS handshake AP processing time constant and independent of the traffic load RTT = tp + tproc + tp tproc AP processing time Round Trip Time

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 13

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

RTS/CTS handshake AP processing time constant and independent of the traffic load RTT = tp + tproc + tp tp CTS propagation time Round Trip Time

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 14

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

RTS last bit departure CTS first bit arrival

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 15

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

RTS last bit departure CTS first bit arrival

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 17

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 18

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-19
SLIDE 19

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 20

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-21
SLIDE 21

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-25
SLIDE 25

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-27
SLIDE 27

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-28
SLIDE 28

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-29
SLIDE 29

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Hardware design

Objectives

1 No need of synchronization 2 Improve PC clock resolution 3 System independence 4 Minimize hardware size 5 Keep the voltage constant

and noise-free

6 Automation

Solutions

1 RTT measurements 2 External measuring system 3 RADAR location model 4 Multi-layer PCB 5 Copper planes & bypass

capacitors

6 Device-system interaction jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 30

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Printed Circuit Board

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 31

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Printed Circuit Board

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-32
SLIDE 32

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary RTT measuring Hardware design

Printed Circuit Board

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 33

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 34

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Higher Technical School of Telecommunications Engineering

Three scenarios LOS1 NLOS LOS2

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 35

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Higher Technical School of Telecommunications Engineering

Three scenarios LOS1 NLOS LOS2 Samples carried out along a corridor of the School Analysis of the distribution of LOS measurements LOS1

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 36

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Higher Technical School of Telecommunications Engineering

Three scenarios LOS1 NLOS LOS2 Same scenario with a wall 20 cm width next to the AP Analysis of the distribution of NLOS measurements NLOS

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 37

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Higher Technical School of Telecommunications Engineering

Three scenarios LOS1 NLOS LOS2 Samples carried out outside of the School Linear regression for estimating distances LOS2

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 38

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-39
SLIDE 39

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

LOS1 Lilliefors (KS) test: Non-Normal data

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 40

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

NLOS Lilliefors (KS) test: Non-Normal data

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-41
SLIDE 41

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-42
SLIDE 42

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Distance Estimation

LOS2

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-43
SLIDE 43

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-44
SLIDE 44

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Stages

1 Regression coefficients

computation

2 APs selection 3 RTT Measuring 4 Distance estimation 5 Positioning

AP 1 AP 2 AP 3 AP 4 AP 5 AP 6 AP 7 AP 8 AP 9

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-45
SLIDE 45

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Stages

1 Regression coefficients

computation

2 APs selection 3 RTT Measuring 4 Distance estimation 5 Positioning

AP 1 AP 2 AP 3 AP 4 AP 5 AP 6 AP 7 AP 8 AP 9

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-46
SLIDE 46

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Stages

1 Regression coefficients

computation

2 APs selection 3 RTT Measuring 4 Distance estimation 5 Positioning

AP 1 AP 2 AP 3 AP 4 AP 5 AP 6 AP 7 AP 8 AP 9

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-47
SLIDE 47

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Stages

1 Regression coefficients

computation

2 APs selection 3 RTT Measuring 4 Distance estimation 5 Positioning

AP 1 AP 2 AP 3 AP 4 AP 5 AP 6 AP 7 AP 8 AP 9

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-48
SLIDE 48

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

Stages

1 Regression coefficients

computation

2 APs selection 3 RTT Measuring 4 Distance estimation 5 Positioning

AP 1 AP 2 AP 3 AP 4 AP 5 AP 6 AP 7 AP 8 AP 9

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

slide-49
SLIDE 49

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Conclusions and future work

Outline

1

Location approach Wireless cellular location techniques

2

TOA Estimation RTT measuring Hardware design

3

Assessment of the system Experimental Setup RTT Measurements Distance Estimation Indoor Location

4

Summary Conclusions and future work

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 50

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Conclusions and future work

Conclusions Measurements are non-normal distributed Accuracy of around 1m in distance estimation NLOS paths overestimate the distance Position is estimated in a real environment Future work Optimum geometric distribution of the APs Prior NLOS measurements correction Location tracking Channel characterization

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 51

Outline Location approach TOA Estimation Assessment of the system Summary Conclusions and future work

Conclusions Measurements are non-normal distributed Accuracy of around 1m in distance estimation NLOS paths overestimate the distance Position is estimated in a real environment Future work Optimum geometric distribution of the APs Prior NLOS measurements correction Location tracking Channel characterization

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 52

THANK YOU Trilateration

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!! Javier Prieto jprieto@cedetel.es

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location

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SLIDE 53

THANK YOU Trilateration

Trilateration

jprieto@cedetel.es RTS/CTS mechanism with 802.11 for indoor location