Rotavirus Surveillance in Europe: Determining the Diversity of - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Rotavirus Network European Network European Rotavirus Rotavirus Surveillance in Europe: Determining the Diversity of Co-circulating Rotavirus Strains in Consecutive Rotavirus Seasons

How representative are previous studies? Europe Study Number Number Polulation Estimated Estimated % cases No. cases of unusual No. children disease each genotypes period tested per year (millions) <5 years tested year detected Hungary 1992-2000 284 36 10.6 508,800 100,000 0.036 5 Italy 1990-94 108 27 57.1 2,740,000 500,000 0.005 4 Ireland 1996-98 488 122 3.8 182,000 38,000 0.321 2 Spain 1996-99 145 48 39.2 1,881,000 390,000 0.012 0 UK 1995-99 4021 1005 57.2 2,745,000 500,000 0.201 11 5046 1238 167.9 8,056,800 1,528,000 0.081

Aims of the Study The proposed study will be undertaken in order to gather comprehensive information on the rotavirus types co-circulating throughout Europe, including both urban and rural settings, and encompassing at least 3 consecutive rotavirus seasons pre-vaccine introduction and 3 post- vaccine introduction. The aims of the study are to: 1. develop methods and algorithms for effective rotavirus typing (G and P) and characterisation (including VP6 and NSP4 genotypes); 2. describe in detail the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections in Europe, during consecutive rotavirus seasons, through genotyping of rotavirus-positive samples collected throughout each country; 3. monitor the effectiveness of current genotyping methods and respond to changes associated with genetic drift and shift; 4. monitor the emergence and spread of novel rotavirus strains within Europe; 5. develop the infrastructure that may serve as a platform for future surveillance activities and nested studies for evaluating: • the effectiveness of a rotavirus vaccine in the general population, through monitoring the reduction in disease associated with common rotavirus types; • the possible vaccine-induced emergence of antibody escape mutants; • the possible emergence in the general population of genotypes other than those included in the vaccine; and • the possible emergence in the general population of reassortants between vaccine and naturally circulating wildtype strains.

European rotavirus network Country Population (th) Denmark 5143 Finland 4975 Foodborne Viruses in Europe France 58518 Germany 77573 Hungary 10552 Italy 57061 Netherlands 15800 Slovenia 1892 Spain 39187 Sweden 8444 United Kingdom 57237 Total 336382 European population: 779 million

Collaborating European countries, their population size, expected cases of rotavirus disease per annum and the proposed study sample size. Sample size/year 1 Country Population (th) Expected cases/year of rotavirus disease 470 2 Denmark 5143 51430 470 2 Finland 4975 49750 France 58518 585180 731 Germany 77573 775730 959 470 2 Hungary 10552 105520 Italy 57061 570610 701 470 2 Netherlands 15800 158000 470 2 Slovenia 1892 18920 Spain 39187 391870 784 470 2 Sweden 8444 84440 United Kingdom 57237 572370 705 Total 336382 3363820 6700 1 This represents ∼ 0.2% of expected cases of rotavirus infection per annum in European countries. 2 The sample size has been adjusted to 470 in those countries where the calculated sample size was below the number required to detect virus strains circulating with an incidence of 1%.

Genotyping methods Epidemiology: Faecal samples Age, sex, geographical location, setting, date of collection Group A rotavirus antigen detection Negative Rotavirus positive Nucleic acid extraction Reverse transcription P-typing PCR G-typing PCR common uncommon uncommon common VP7, VP4, sequencing RESULTS TO DATABASE

BioNumerics ‘Connected’ Databases Web-enabled BioNumerics database •Full (or restricted) access •Access via BioNumerics BioNumerics : •Data editing/access via other web technologies •Data can be linked easily Web Interface with other databases •Data can be mapped to tables Database (server) in other database platforms Connected to BioNumerics (e.g. Access) Holds all data Colindale Web Server

Access to the database • Password protected

Data Entry • Individual entries • Bulk uploads • Excel • Fasta

Reports • Updated in real time as the data is entered

VP7 G-type Analysis – All records This tool allows the creation of reports which graphically display the proportion of Rotavirus records with specific VP7 G-types. This can be done across the whole database or for entries VP7 G-type Num ber that have been submitted in a particular year. G1 3 0 28 G1 + G2 6 G1 + G3 6 The database contains 4 1 3 2 records. G1 + G4 6 G1 + G9 2 G1 0 1 G1 2 1 G2 3 9 6 G2 + G4 3 G3 1 2 6 G3 + G4 1 G4 2 1 1 G4 + G3 1 G5 1 G6 1 G8 3 G9 1 3 4 G9 + G1 2 GND 2 0 3

Database Development for EuroRotaNet Bioinformatician National Centre for Rotavirus genotyping (Excel/ BioNumerics) Principal Investigatior National Labs Strain characterisation data W e b W Searched against database I n e b t e I r n f a t Submitted to the database c e Sponsors r e f a c e W R e e b p I o n r t t e s r f a c e W e b I European Typing Database n t e r f a c e • Strain Unique Identifier • Basic epidemiological data • VP7 • Geographical data • VP4 • Temporal data •Sequence (5%)