Role of the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan in Disaster - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Role of the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan in Disaster - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Geospatial Information Chengdu Forum on UN-GGIM Global Map for Sustainable Development: Authority of Japan Development and Applications in Urban Hazard Mapping Chengdu, China 15 17 October 2013 Role of the Geospatial Information Authority

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Role of the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan in Disaster Response as Exemplified in the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011

UNE, Hiroshi Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI)

Chengdu Forum on UN-GGIM Global Map for Sustainable Development: Development and Applications in Urban Hazard Mapping Chengdu, China 15 – 17 October 2013

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

interaction of nature and mankind gravity water air earth rotation plate movement

physical working

  • f nature

human activities

habitation agriculture economy transportation tourism

blessing disaster

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

disaster life cycle

prepare prepare mitigate mitigate respond respond recover recover

estimate estimate plan plan learn learn drill drill warn warn evacuate evacuate rescue rescue recover recover rebuilt rebuilt revitalize revitalize evaluate evaluate

Geospatial information

reinforce reinforce

  • bserve
  • bserve
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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Ring of Fire

The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes

  • ccur along the Ring of Fire.

From Wikipedia

The 2011 off the Pacific coast

  • f Tohoku Earthquake
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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Typhoon paths

Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks between 1985 and 2005

Terra – MODIS/NASA

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Blessings

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Hazards in Japan

Photo: Cabinet Office web page Photo: Asahi Shinbun Photo: Nakanihon Air Service CO.,LTD

What would be the role of NGIAs in disasters?

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Mandate

  • Basic Act for Disaster Countermeasures

– Enacted more than 50 years ago – To protect land and property of the country/people from hazards by making necessary institutional arrangements and

  • ther measures including financial provisions

– 24 designated organizations in the Government including GSI

  • Mandated to gather and share information on

disasters, Amended after 3.11 Earthquake while maximizing the use of geospatial information.

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Outbreak(3/11)

Management Crustal movement, Benchmark

Set up Emergency HQs (0h) Set up Emergency HQs (0h) Dispatch of liaisons to operational offices (0.5h-) Dispatch of liaisons to operational offices (0.5h-) GNSS based movement analysis (3h) GNSS based movement analysis (3h) Fault modeling (2nd day-) Fault modeling (2nd day-) Aerial photo survey (1 day-) Aerial photo survey (1 day-) Base map provision(1h ～) Base map provision(1h ～) Base map for reconstruction Base map for reconstruction Information Release through GSI web map system(2nd day-) Information Release through GSI web map system(2nd day-)

1 Day 1 Wk 1 Mon 3 Mon

Provision of geo-spatial information (2nd day-) Provision of geo-spatial information (2nd day-)

GSI Response Summary

Aerial photo, imagery Damage mapping Base map etc.

Dispatch of liaisons to the affected areas (6-65 day) Dispatch of liaisons to the affected areas (6-65 day) Disaster

  • verview map

Disaster

  • verview map

Tsunami inundation mapping (3rd day-) Tsunami inundation mapping (3rd day-) Revision of geodetic results (-10/31) Revision of geodetic results (-10/31)

3 Day

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

disaster life cycle

prepare prepare mitigate mitigate respond respond recover recover

estimate estimate plan plan learn learn drill drill warn warn evacuate evacuate rescue rescue recover recover rebuilt rebuilt revitalize revitalize evaluate evaluate reinforce reinforce

  • bserve
  • bserve
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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

  • Earthquake:

Epicenter: Off coast of S anriku area Depth: 24km Magnitude: 9.0 Fault: Length 450km, Width 200km

  • Tsunami:

– Highest elevation reached: 43m – Inundated areas: 561 square km – Nuclear plant accident

Disaster caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

What GSI did at 3.11 Earthquake

  • Provision of maps of affected areas(paper maps,

digital maps, printed images)

  • Detection and analysis of ground surface

movement with GNSS control point network

  • Air survey (Aerial photos, Ortho images)
  • Photo interpretation to map inundated areas
  • LiDAR survey for detailed elevation data
  • SAR interferometric analysis
  • Resurvey of geodetic control points
  • Reconstruction of destroyed GNSS station
  • Recalculation of geodetic coordinate system
  • Guidance for local governments’ resurvey
  • Modeling of fault slip using inversion method
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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

What GSI did at 3.11 Earthquake in emergency response phase

  • Provision of maps of affected areas

– Immediately (< 1h) to designated Government

  • ffices starting from small-scale maps (1:500k).
  • Detection and analysis of ground surface

movement with GNSS control point network

  • Air survey (Aerial photos + Ortho images)

– Photo interpretation and measurement of damaged areas.

  • …
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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Provision of Maps (< 1 hour)

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Ground Surface Movement (+ 3 hours -)

Horizontal

Oshika: 5.3 m Tokyo: 0.2 m

Vertical

Oshika: 1.2 m

GNSS based control stations observed large crustal movement

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Coverage

Air photos (+ one day -)

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Photo Interpretation (+ 3 days -)

Inundation Areas

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Photo Interpretation (+ 3 days -)

Total inundation areas: 561 square km

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Recovery Phase (+ 1-2 months -)

  • Resurvey for new coordinates of geodetic

control points

– Resurvey of selected control points – Calculation of transformation parameters – Revision of coordinates of control point network origins (horizontal & vertical)

  • New mapping of damaged areas

– 1:2,500 scale mapping for reconstruction planning

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Correction parameters for triangulation points

Horizontal Coordinates Elevation

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Recovery Planning Map

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

To whom?

Local Governments Central Gov. People/Media

Local Governments GSI R.O.

  • Gov. L.O.

Web

MLIT PM Office

  • Sit. Cen.
  • Sit. Cen.

Ministries Agencies

Printed Maps Liaison Liaison Map Team Liaison S.D.F. Printed Maps HDD GSI HQ. Printed Maps HDD Printed Maps HDD Briefing Maps

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

disaster life cycle

prepare prepare mitigate mitigate respond respond recover recover

estimate estimate plan plan learn learn drill drill warn warn evacuate evacuate rescue rescue recover recover rebuilt rebuilt revitalize revitalize evaluate evaluate reinforce reinforce

  • bserve
  • bserve
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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

24

What can we do in pre-disaster stage

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What can we do in pre-disaster stage

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What can we do in pre-disaster stage

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What can we do in pre-disaster stage

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What should be done in preparation? “What we can’t do normally can’t be done well in emergency response.” Good preparation makes us respond successfully to disasters. What makes us well prepared for disasters?

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Archive

  • Old air photos immediately tell us the

impact of a disaster when compared to those taken after the disaster.

– Archiving maps and air photos to make them readily available for disaster response is NGIA’s important responsibility.

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Map revision

  • Rescue workers from remote areas rely on

maps in the planning of their operations.

  • If maps don’t show latest features, their

work might be significantly hampered.

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Cooperation with relevant organizations GSI Public Corporation Company A Company B Company C Company D

Prior Agreement Request

…..

Emergency Contract Bypassing Bidding Process Products Delivered (Photos, Ortho images)

Arrangement for Emergency Air Survey

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Drills

  • Drills train us well prepared for disasters

and also help us identify processes/equipment that need improvement/repair.

– Communications

  • Response in 10 minutes to emergency messages to

cell phone

  • Teleconference in 30 minutes

– Air photos transfer to users (after plane landing)

  • < 4 hours for 11 prefectures around Tokyo
  • < 6 hours for the rest
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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

Concluding Summary

  • We can prepare for disasters through

understanding the workings of nature and the interaction with human activities GEOGRAPHICALLY.

  • GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION is vital

throughout all the processes of disaster life cycle.

  • NGIA should voluntarily contribute to disaster

measures, especially the prompt response to disaster.

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Concluding Summary

  • Prompt provision of paper maps, printed copies
  • f maps and aerial photos of damaged area on

the scene can greatly help the rescue and recovery activities.

  • Collaboration among the relevant organizations

is the key for good contribution. Pre-disaster relationships with central and local governments and relevant private sectors should be critical.

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Concluding Summary

  • Archiving maps and air photos to make them

readily available for disaster response is NGIA’s important responsibility.

  • Map revision is also an important task for NGIAs

as the preparation for disaster response.

  • The role of NGIAs is becoming increasingly

important because of the growing awareness on the critical role of geospatial information in case

  • f disasters. NGIAs should constantly improve

their preparedness for disaster.

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Concluding Summary

  • GSI has a lot of experiences and knowledge for

disaster prevention and response. We would be appreciate if we can share our experiences in the NGIA community of the world through such as science and technology cooperation programs and ODA schemes.

  • Contact: International Division

intex@gsi.go.jp

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Geospatial Information Authority of Japan

THANK YOU!

UNE, Hiroshi une@gsi.go.jp