Landfill Diversion Update County of Maui Department of Environmental Management October 14, 2013 October 14, 2013 County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update Solid Waste Program • $6.6 million of General Fund subsidy (26%) • -$100/ton landfill cost, $75/ton LF revenue • $40/mo refuse cost, $18/mo refuse revenue • Residential landfill tip fee is zero • Residential green waste tip fee is zero • Recyclable materials markets are overseas Disposal alternatives prevent self-sufficiency. October 14, 2013 � 2 � County of Maui MEETING ON / 6/ / /4/ RECEIVED AT � 1 vi/fr&4"94.4.,.//e(a*e_WA.,,7t. /5,7 —/1 - c,tof � /c Xtc. - 7
Landfill Diversion Update � C Why divert? • Landfilling leads to fugitive methane, wasted resources, high costs, trash-filled saina • Reduce, reuse, recycle, and repurpose - Landfilling - "re-nothing" • Recycling — strive for the highest and best use of materials and preserve natural resources - Plastic4plastic, metal metal, paper paper, etc. Cost of diversion versus landfill impacts. October 14, 2013 � 3 � County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update � -,-, Maui County Solid Waste Flows County grants EKO Compost Residential 7 155,578 tons / dropboxes > 17.3% 1.7% 22% County of Maui Landfills --> 53% Commercial 14.9% 9.0% \ 58,489 tons Recyclables, Metal and food waste, concrete Maui Demolition metals, etc. and Const. & 25% Construction Demolition 42.9% Landfill (Private) Countywide Diversion Rate Maui County total solid tons/yr. waste -375,000 October 14, 2013 � 4 � County of Maui 2
0 Landfill Diversion Update Maui County Landfill Diversion Food waste 1.4% 0.2% Compost C&D 9.0% Metals 7.5% Tires, etc. 0.9% Commercial 4.9% Lanai/Molokai 0.7% County grant 1.0% 17.3% County EKO Tota I 42.9% Private sector efforts drive Maui recycling. October 14, 2013 County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update County Diversion Program • Salaries and operating costs >$600k — Three County personnel • County landfill diversion programs — Maui programs (excl. EKO) — 1.01 % diversion — Lanai/Molokai programs — 0.66% diversion • County compost program cost -$2 million — Maui program (EKO) — 17.3% diversion The County invests heavily into diversion. October 14, 2013 County of Maui 3
Landfill Diversion Update Integrated SW Management Plan • Increase the Central Maui Landfill lifespan • Work toward 60 percent landfill diversion - Implement residential curbside recycling - Enact laws to force businesses to recycle food waste and other materials • Implement a "proven technology" waste conversion facility Diversion efforts have significant costs. October 14, 2013 � 7 � County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update Integrated SW Management Plan • Annual SW budget from $50M to $107M - Annual SW budget has been -$25M • Curbside recycling revenue of $55/ton - Actually costs over $250/ton • Advocates producer responsibility legislation - Likely to increase the price of goods Lack of funding hinders plan implementation. October 14, 2013 � 8 � County of Maui 4
andfill Diversion Update U.S. Mainland vs. Maui • U.S. Mainland — Economies of scale — Competition for services — Better access to resource markets • Maui — Additional shipping adds costs (carts, material) — Isolation/cost limit markets for manufacturing Similar services 4 higher fees/taxes on Maui. October 14, 2013 County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update Survey Information Do you use the County dropboxes If How much would you pay annually it costs 5100 to landfill for cardboard, newspaper, plastic? for residential curbside recycling? something how much would you pay to recycle it instead? Average: $43/yr Some HOAs provide their Average: $49/yr own recycling receptacles. Median: $35/yr Median: $0/yr Diversion initiatives must be cost-effective. October 14, 2013 10 County of Maui
• Landfill Diversion Update Survey Information How do you feel about waste If the County had more money, what would be your top three priorities? conversion - 85% diversion, recyclables and solid and liquid fuels? Concerns: cost, "too good to knosatk ■ lax* Meo Ono be true", and incineration ROMMII � Parry *me More recycling programs in the top five. October 14, 2013 1 1 County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update Landfill Diversion Strategy -ft tV4r -. • Current efforts — Community dropbox 614.0111• ■■ • — Compost — Recycling grants • Future efforts — Res. curbside recycling 1-i — Waste conversion 1=1 The County is exploring a holistic approach. October 14, 2013 � 12 � County of Maui 6
Landfill Diversion Update Community Dropboxes • Eight County dropbox facilities — Residents separate recyclables • Recyclable markets are in the Far East • Costs the County over $500k/year to operate — Equates to 10-15 times the cost of landfilling • Results in 1.5% CML diversion (0.61% overall) — Represents over 10% of the CML budget Recyclables are fairly clean due to separation. October 14, 2013 � 13 � County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update Composting • EKO Compost operates at the CML — Diverts green waste and sewage sludge into compost — Diverts fats/oils/grease (FOG) into biodiesel • Composting represents County's most the successful diversion program • Demand for compost is tied to development County cost is -$2 million for 17.3% diversion . October 14, 2013 � 14 � County of Maui 7
andfill Diversion Update County Recycling Grants/Contracts • Recipients include Community Workday, Habitat for Humanity (Restore), Maui Recycling Group, Maui Recycling Service, Maui Disposal (Molokai), Maui Waste Services, and Pawns (Molokai) • Total grants and contracts above -$350,000 — Total landfill diversion is 1.01 % Grants are issued on a yearly basis. October 14, 2013 � 15 � County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update Curbside Recycling Pilot Program • 1,750 households -4 increased recycling • Out-of-pocket costs: carts, cart delivery, advertising, ongoing education, staffing, audits, and material processing/shipment • All recyclable materials shipped overseas • Estimated 10 year amortized cost: - $80/year/account, or over 35% increase Refuse bill will increase from $216 --> -$300/yr October 14, 2013 � 16 � County of Maui 8
Landfill Diversion Update Curbside Recycling Pilot Program • Costs (assumes County collection is free): — Mixed recyclable/ton: -$250/ton — Green waste/ton: -$60/ton • Projection of island-wide implementation — Mixed recyclables: -1.0% landfill diversion —Green waste: -. 2.1% landfill diversion — 10 year amortized annual cost: -$1.6 million Curbside costs $1.6M/yr for -3.1% diversion. October 14, 2013 � 17 � County of Maui Curbside Recycling Pilot Program Pros: � Cons: • Increased recycling • Increased costs through convenience • Refuse pickup cut in half • Material is recycled • Three carts per household • Creates jobs • Fuel to ship material to Mainland then Far East • Hurts existing local, private curbside business • No glass Program increases recycling and costs. October 14, 2013 � 18 � County of Maui 9
Landfill Diversion Update Typical Waste Conversion Flow This is not what Maui County is proposing. October 14, 2013 � 19 � County of Maui Integrated Waste Conversion MSW Landfill Gas Recyclables and solid and liqu id fuels results. October 14, 2013 20 County of Maui 10
Landfill Diversion Update (`) Waste Conversion Project • Increased recycling — island-wide, multi-facet — Paper, plastic, metal, glass, cardboard, etc. • Over 85% LF diversion 4 solid/liquid fuels — Reduction in importation of fossil fuels — Increases island sustainability 7- . • Large reduction in GHGs � I- 1=1 , — Equivalent of taking 25,000 cars off the road IWCEP will be privately funded. 21 October 14, 2013 County of Maui Waste Conversion Project • Lower MSW mgmt. cost $68/ton vs. $100/ton — Requires less resources for permit compliance • Processes recyclable residue — not Iandfilled • Significant economic development — 150 construction jobs — 20-40 permanent jobs — Tens of millions of dollars in capital investment current recycling efforts. IWCEP complements October 14, 2013 22 County of Maui 11
Landfill Diversion Update Landfill Diversion Summary • Current landfill diversion is -42.9% • Significant opportunity exists for diversion — Evaluate/maintain existing diversion programs — Evaluate extended producer responsibility — Evaluate residential curbside recycling — Evaluate waste conversion project Complementary programs are necessary. October 14, 2013 � 23 � County of Maui Landfill Diversion Update 24 12
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