Re sults fro m the Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m Sc ie ntific - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Re sults fro m the Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m Sc ie ntific & T e c hnic a l Adviso ry Co mmitte e Wo rksho p o n Mic ro pla stic s in the Che sa pe a ke Ba y a nd its Wa te rshe d

MAT T ROBINSON

PART NE RING AND E NVIRONME NT AL CONSE RVAT ION BRANCH WAT E RSHE D PROT E CT ION DIVI SI ON DC DE PART ME NT OF E NE RGY AND E NVIRONME NT

Why Do We Car e about T r ash i n DC?

@DOE E _DC

Photo taken by Masaya Maeda, Anacostia Watershed Society

@DOE E _DC

Ana c o stia rive r liste d b y DC a s

impa ire d fo r tra sh in 2006, fo llo we d b y Ma ryla nd in 2008

Almo st 200,000 lb s/ yr a ttrib ute d to

po int so urc e s Co mb ine d se we r syste m (CSS) a nd Munic ipa l Se pa ra te Sto rm Se we r Syste m (MS4)

Ove r 20,000 lb s/ yr a ttrib ute d to no n-

po int so urc e s  ille g a l dumping

But, o nly g e ts a t tra sh g re a te r tha n to

a n inc h in dia me te r o r le ng th

MS MS4 MS MS4 MS MS4 CS CSO

T he Anac osti a Ri ver T r ash T MDL

@DOE E _DC

What About the S mal l S tuff?

F

• a m Sta rts Out a s T

his…

…And Turns Into This

@DOE E _DC

E vi denc e of Mi c r

• pl

asti c s i n DC

Pho to s b y Ma sa ya Ma e d a , Ana c o stia Wa te rshe d So c ie ty, 2017

@DOE E _DC

• 96% inc re a se in SAV in DC b e twe e n

2009 a nd 2017

• Surpa sse d Che sa pe a ke Ba y

Pro g ra m g o a ls fo r SAV re sto ra tio n

• SAV a lso ha b ita t fo r la rva e o f DC

sta te fish, Ame ric a n Sha d (A. sapidissima)

• Que stio n: c o uld SAV b e ds b e

c a pturing mic ro pla stic s?

@DOE E _DC

• Sa mpling site s c ho se n in Po to ma c Rive r

b a se d o n Virg inia I nstitute o f Ma rine Sc ie nc e 2016 ma ps o f SAV b e ds.

• Pa ire d sa mple s o f SAV tissue ta ke n during F

a ll 2017 in SAV b e ds a nd a dja c e nt o pe n wa te r c o lumn (i.e . 2 in the b e d, 2 o utside the b e d).

• Sa mple s c a pture d using 500 um nitre x b a g

a ffixe d to D-fra me . SAV wa s se ve re d a t the se dime nt surfa c e a nd the b a g wa s c inc he d tig ht.

• De pth ta ke n to de te rmine vo lume o f wa te r.
• Mic ro pla stic s we re e xtra c te d in the la b using

visua l so rting .

S tudy of Mi c r

• pl

asti c s i n S AV B eds i n DC

T e tra T e c h sta ff c o nduc ting sa mpling

@DOE E _DC

S tudy of Mi c r

• pl

asti c s i n S AV B eds i n DC

Type; LS Means Current effect: F(1, 12)=5.9873, p=.03077 Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals Vegetated Unvegetated Type

• 0.04
• 0.02

0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 Particles l-1

F ig ure 1 – Me a n mic ro pla stic pa rtic le c o nc e ntra tio n (# o f pa rtic le s/ vo lume o f sa mple ) in ve g e ta te d b e ds vs. unve g e ta te d b e ds (n=14, 5 ve g e ta te d, 9 unve g e ta te d )

@DOE E _DC

• Ho w c a n we b ring mo re a tte ntio n to this issue

re g io na lly?

• SAV Wo rkg ro up a t the Che sa pe a ke Ba y

Pro g ra m a pplie d fo r a Sc ie ntific & T e c hnic a l Adviso ry Co mmitte e (ST AC) g ra nt to ho ld a wo rksho p in 2019 a b o ut mic ro pla stic s in the b a y a nd wa te rshe d

• DC a full pa rtne r in the CBP pa rtne rship sinc e

the sig ning o f the 1987 Che sa pe a ke Ba y Ag re e me nt

Mi c r

• pl

asti c s i n the Chesapeake B ay and Water shed

@DOE E _DC

T he Chesapeake B ay Pr

• gr

am

@DOE E _DC

B ac kgr

• und on S

T AC

• F
• unde d in 1984
• Pro vide s sc ie ntific a nd te c hnic a l

g uida nc e to the Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m o n me a sure s to re sto re a nd pro te c t the Che sa pe a ke Ba y.

• One wa y it do e s this is thro ug h

spo nso ring wo rksho ps fo c use d o n a spe c ific q ue stio n o f c o nc e rn to b a y re sto ra tio n a nd pro te c tio n.

@DOE E _DC

2019 S T AC Wor kshop on Mi c r

• pl

asti c s i n the Chesapeake B ay and i ts water shed

• April 24th & 25th, 2019 a t

Ge o rg e Ma so n Unive rsity Po to ma c Sc ie nc e Ce nte r, Wo o db rid g e , VA

• Atte nde d b y o ve r 50

sc ie ntists, re so urc e ma na g e rs, a nd po lic y pro fe ssio na ls fro m fe de ra l a nd sta te a g e nc ie s, a c a de mia , a nd NGOs

@DOE E _DC

Wor kshop F

• r

mat

• Ste e ring c o mmitte e de c ide d e a rly o n

tha t the wo rksho p sho uld b e fo rma tte d a ro und c o nduc ting a n e c o lo g ic a l risk a sse ssme nt (E RA)

• T

he E c o lo g ic a l Risk F ra me wo rk c o nsists

• f the fo llo wing c o mpo ne nts:
• 1. Pro b le m F
• rmula tio n: De te rmine

a sse ssme nt e ndpo ints a nd me a sure me nt e ndpo ints

• 2. Risk Ana lysis: I

de ntify te sta b le linka g e s b e twe e n so urc e s, stre sso rs a nd a sse ssme nt e ndpo ints

• 3. Risk Cha ra c te riza tio n: Wha t a re the

risk a nd e ffe c ts? E

• x. L

C50 – L e tha l c o nc e ntra tio n to kill 50% o f a po pula tio n

E c o lo g ic a l Risk F ra me wo rk (E PA, 1992)

@DOE E _DC

Wor kshop Questi

• ns
• 1. Wha t a re the so urc e s o f mic ro pla stic s to the b a y a nd its trib uta rie s?
• 2. Ho w c o mmo n a re mic ro pla stic s in the Che sa pe a ke Ba y a nd its

trib uta rie s?

• 3. Wha t a dditio na l info rma tio n do we ne e d to g a ug e distrib utio n?
• 4. Po ssib le e ffe c ts o f mic ro pla stic s o n ha b ita t a nd living re so urc e s?
• 5. Are the re a ny po lic y a nd ma na g e me nt to o ls b e ing use d to a ddre ss

pla stic po llutio n in the b a y (e .g ., Ana c o stia Rive r T ra sh T MDL )? Ho w e ffe c tive ha ve the y b e e n?

• 6. Ca n we re c o mme nd pursuing future studie s o r ne w ma na g e me nt

a nd po lic y? Ca n we re c o mme nd mo re funding b e ma de a va ila b le fo r re se a rc h a t this time ?

@DOE E _DC

E xampl e Pr esentati

• ns



I ntro duc tio n to E c o lo g ic a l Risk F ra me wo rks – Je rry Dia mo nd, T e tra T e c h



So urc e s 1. Wa ste wa te r – Chris Burb a g e , Ha mpto n Ro a ds Sa nita tio n Distric t 2. Sto rmwa te r – Pho ng T rie u, Me tro po lita n Wa shing to n Co unc il o f Go ve rnme nts

 Pre se nc e in the Ba y a nd Wa te rshe d

• 1. T

ida l wa te rs– L a nc e Yo nko s, Unive rsity o f Ma ryla nd

• 2. No n-tida l wa te rs – Sha wn F

ishe r, USGS

 E

ffe c ts o n L iving Re so urc e s

• 1. Bla c k se a b a ss – Susa nne Bra nde r, Ore g o n Sta te Unive rsity
• 2. Oyste rs– Christine K

na uss, Unive rsity o f Ma ryla nd

 Po lic y & Ma na g e me nt T

• o ls

1. VA Ma rine De b ris Pla n – K a tie Re g iste r, Cle a n VA Wa te rwa ys 2. Ana c o stia Rive r T ra sh T MDL – Ma tt Ro b inso n, DC DOE E

@DOE E _DC

Conc l usi

• ns

Studie s ha ve sho wn mic ro pla stic s a re ub iq uito us thro ug ho ut the b a y a nd its

trib uta rie s. T he y ha ve b e e n fo und in b o th tida l (Yo nko s, 2014; Ro c hma n, 2019) a nd no n-tida l wa te rs (F ishe r, 2019).

T

he re is g e ne ra l a g re e me nt tha t pla stic s re pre se nt a wide spre a d, b ut la rg e ly unq ua ntifie d, thre a t to the Che sa pe a ke Ba y e c o syste m.

Ne e d sta nda rdiza tio n o f te rmino lo g y (e .g . mic ro pla stic size c la ss) T

he re a re a numb e r o f pie c e me a l e ffo rts to mo nito r pla stic s in the Ba y, b ut no syste ma tic e ffo rt a nd no o rg a nize d e ffo rt dire c te d a t mic ro - a nd na no - pla stic s.

T

he MOST URGE NT ne e d is to ide ntify asse ssme nt e ndpoints that r e pr e se nt ar e as of e nvir

• nme ntal and human he alth c onc e r

n and to c har ac te r ize the se ve r ity of those r isks.

@DOE E _DC

Coul d Mi c r

• pl

asti c s Affec t S uc c ess of Restor ati

• n?

Wa te r Qua lity a nd Huma n He a lth:

• Se e le y e t a l. (2019) fo und impa c ts o f PVC pa rtic le s o n b e nthic b a c te ria whic h

c o uld a ffe c t N c yc le .

• L

a ve rty a nd Do b b s (2018) fo und mic ro pla stic s se rve a s ha b ita t fo r b a c te ria a nd pa tho g e ns, spe c ific a lly Vib rio spp. Po te ntia l huma n he a lth e ffe c ts?

• Re se a rc h ha s sho wn na no pla stic s c ro ss c e llula r me mb ra ne s. Po te ntia l e ffe c ts o n

c e llula r pro c e sse s?

F

ishe ry Spe c ie s: We kno w thing s a re e a ting mic ro pla stic s in the b a y a nd wa te rshe d

• Sma llmo uth b a ss: Pa rks e t a l. (2019) sho we d 95% o f b a ss sa mple d (n=67) in c e ntra l

Susq ue ha nna rive r ha d mic ro pla stic s in g ut.

• Oyste rs: K

na uss (2019) sho w so me impa c t o n o yste r la rva e re spira tio n. Co uld this impa c t la rva l surviva l?

• Bla c k Se a b a ss: Bra nde r (2019) sho we d e ffe c ts o n re spira tio n o f Bla c k Se a b a ss.

Ha b ita t

• Murphy e t a l. (2019) fo und mic ro pla stic s a c c umula te in SAV b e d c a no pie s in

Po to ma c Rive r

@DOE E _DC

H

• w do we c ommuni

c ate the i mpac t to the CB P?

Potential effects?

• Digestive system
• Growth
• Respiration

Healthy Fish (e.g. Am Shad DC State Fish!)

Example Endpoint?

Risk? Plastics are everywhere. Uptake through ingestion or potential physical harm to gills. Exposure? Plastic in the water, sediment, and food How do plastics get there? Stormwater, Wastewater, Air, Non-point sources

What do we know about these sources?

@DOE E _DC

Re g ula te d Sto rmwa te r Wa ste Wa te r

The two we know most about in this region?

Pla stic Cha ra c te ristic s Pla stic So urc e s So urc e Be ha vio rs So urc e Ma na g e me nt Co ntro ls

Size me h? T ypeme h?

Wha t info . do we ha ve o n the fo llo wing ?

 Ma c ropla stic s

Mic ropla stic sme h? Na nopla stic s???

 Imprope r Disposa l

(e .g . litte ring )

 BMPs a ddre ssing

ma c ropla stic s

 Size

T ypeme h?

 Mic ropla stic s

Na nopla stic s???

 Wa shing c lothe s  Pe rsona l Ca re Produc ts  Dishwa shing

???

H

• w do we c ommuni

c ate the i mpac t to the CB P?

@DOE E _DC

Rec ommendati

• ns - U

R GE NT

• I

nc lude E c o lo g ic a l Risk Asse ssme nt fo r pla stic s in the upda te to the Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m Sc ie nc e Stra te g y.

• F
• c us o n thing s we c a re a b o ut (e .g . fish, she llfish)
• Sho uld lo o k a t e ffe c ts o f mic ro pla stic s a nd

na no pla stic s

• Co nduc t a ST

AC te c hnic a l re vie w o f pla stic pa rtic le size c la ssific a tio ns. (i.e . ma c ro , mic ro , na no , pic o ? )

• F
• rma tio n o f Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m Ac tio n T

e a m fo c use d o n pla stic s

@DOE E _DC

Next S teps

• Dra ft re po rt due to ST

AC b y July 25th

• 30-da y re vie w a t the Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m b e fo re pub lic

disse mina tio n

• Pre se nta tio n to the Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m Ma na g e me nt

Bo a rd la te r this F a ll

• Upc o ming F

a ll 2019 study in DC: Mic ro pla stic a b unda nc e in SAV b e nthic se dime nts vs. a dja c e nt b a re b o tto m (F unding fro m E PA T ra sh F re e Wa te rs a nd Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra ms)

@DOE E _DC

S pec i al T hanks

Bo b Murphy (T e tra T e c h), wo rksho p c o -Cha ir, a nd Bro o ke L a ndry (MD DNR), CBP SAV Wo rkg ro up Cha ir a nd wo rksho p spo nso r. Ra c he l Dixo n, CBP ST AC Co o rdina to r Our Ho st: Da nn Skla re w, Ge o rg e Ma so n Unive rsity De pa rtme nt o f E nviro nme nta l Sc ie nc e & Po lic y Wo rksho p Ste e ring Co mmitte e :

Ma rk L uc ke nb a c h, Virg inia Institute o f Ma rine Sc ie nc e De nic e Wa rdro p , Pe nn Sta te L a nc e Yo nko s, Unive rsity o f Ma ryla nd Ja so n Ro lfe , NOAA Ma rine De b ris Pro g ra m K e lly So me rs, E PA Re g io n II I Gre g Alle n, E PA Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m Offic e K im Grub e rt, MD DNR Pho ng T rie u, Me tro po lita n Wa shing to n Co unc il o f Go ve rnme nts

K a the rine Anto s, Bra nc h Chie f o f DOE E WPD Pa rtne ring & E nviro nme nta l Co nse rva tio n Bra nc h a nd DC Che sa pe a ke Ba y Pro g ra m Co o rdina to r

MAT T ROBINSON

PART NE RI NG & E NVI RONME NT AL CONSE RVAT I ON BRANCH WAT E RSHE D PROT E CT I ON DI VI SI ON (202)442-3204

MAT T HE W.ROBINSON@DC.GOV