R&D in Brazil Brazil: : R&D in The Role of Finep in Role - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

R&D in R&D in Brazil Brazil: : The The Role of Finep in Role of Finep in the the Federal Federal Government Government

Sergio M. Rezende

__________________________ SMR, GLOBELICS-03/11/2003

Historical Historical Notes Notes

Brazil, 19th Century Royal Family arrives in Br in 1808 as Napoleon threat to invade Portugal

Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil

1808 - Royal Press created – first legal printing machines

1822 – Independence of Brazil

Important institutions created

1808- Medical Schools: Rio and Salvador 1810- Royal Military Academy- Later Engineering School (1874) 1827- Law Schools: São Paulo and Olinda-Recife 1887 - Agronomical Station of Campinas – (Dafert) 1892 – Vaccine Institute of São Paulo and

• Inst. Bacterials - Butantã (Adolfo Lutz, Vital Brasil)

1889 - Public Health Institute Manguinhos (Oswaldo Cruz, Carlos Chagas)

istorical istorical Notes Notes – – Late Late start on start on S& S&

Historical Historical Notes Notes

1967 – Financing Agency for Studies and Projects - FINEP 1973 - EMBRAPA 1934 - University of São Paulo – USP 1948 – Brazilian Society for the Advancement of Science –SBPC 1950 – Institute for Aeronautical Technology - ITA 1951 – National Research Council (CNPq) and CAPES 1962 – FAPESP begins operation 1962 – FUNTEC/BNDES - beginning of graduate programs 1968 – Reform of federal university system – full time jobs 1986 – Ministry of Science and Technology - MCT

S&T in the Federal Government

National S&T Council Ministry

• f S&T

Ministry of Agriculture Ministry

• f

Industry Ministry

• f

Health Ministry

• f

Education

Research units CNPq Finep Universities Technical schools Capes EMBRAPA FioCruz

Ministry

• f

Environmen t Ministry

• f

Defense Ministry of

Communication s ITA

ederal ederal University System University System

Ministry Ministry of

• f

Education Education

Units of MCT

Synchrotron Light National Laboratory

Role of CNPq: Individual research grants; Undergraduate, Graduate and Research Fellowships

10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 Research Graduate Undergraduate

Number of fellowships

CAPES fellowships

5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 30.000 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 1 PhDs MSC

______________

Cortesia- C.H. Brito Cruz

Papers published Papers published

PhDs graduation in Brazil

1750 1410 1139 990 1005 743 720 628 587 547 554 1759 1875 2031 2479 2950 3604 4000 4800 551

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000

ITA made EMBRAER possible Brazil begins to manufacture modern airplanes Embraer planes become important in the export agenda of Brazil

Cortesia C.H. Brito Cruz

EMBRAPA established research centers throughout the Country. Many interact with universities

Brazilian agricultural production propelled by S&T

Product World Rank in 2002 Sugar 1st Orange juice 1st Coffee 1st Soil bean 2nd Beef 2nd Poultry 2nd Corn 3rd Fruits 3rd

DISTRIBUTION OF RESEARCH GROUPS BY AREA 31 % Natural Sciences Humanities & Social Sciences 27% Life Sciences 42%

Expenditures on R&D - 1999

Source Relative % of GNP participation % Federal Government 40 0.35 State Governments 23 0.20 ___________________________________________ Total Government 63 0.55 ____________________________________________ Private Companies 37 0.33 TOTAL 100 0.88

Expenditures of federal funds for R&D - 1999

Others 4% Environment 2% Health 3% Industry&Commerce 4% MCT 47% Agriculture 19% Education 21%

Expenditures of State Governments

• n S&T Activities - 1999

Current challenge of S&T System

However However, , few private companies few private companies do R&D do R&D Brazil has the largest and Brazil has the largest and best best S&T S&T system system in in Latin Latin America America To To incorporate incorporate R&D R&D activities activities in in the productive the productive sector sector and and to to make make society society benefit benefit from from the the products products

• f
• f science

science and and

Ministry of Science and Technology

National S&T Council

Ministry

National Nuclear Commission National Space Agency National Research Council - CNPq Research Units National Labs Technological Institutes (Total of 22) Financing Agency for Studies & Projects FINEP

Objectives Objectives of

• f new

new management management of MCT

• f MCT

1.

• 1. Promote

Promote R&D in R&D in science and technology science and technology, , formation formation

• f
• f human resources and international cooperation

human resources and international cooperation for for the development the development of

• f the

the Country Country and the and the afirmation afirmation of

• f its sovereignty

its sovereignty. . CNPq: CNPq: Fellowships Fellowships and and individual individual grants grants FINEP: FINEP: Research grants Research grants to to institutions institutions 2. 2. Estimulate Estimulate R&D R&D and innovation and innovation in in industry with industry with emphasis on emphasis on sectors sectors that promote that promote substitution substitution of

• f

imported goods and the value added imported goods and the value added to to national national products products. . FINEP: FINEP: Financing Financing of

• f technological

technological centers centers and and

3. 3. Stimulate Stimulate local local development development, , basic basic and applied and applied research research, , aiming aiming at at improving improving the the geographical geographical distribution distribution of

• f the

the S&T S&T system system. . 4.

• 4. Establish programs

Establish programs for for technological technological difusion difusion to to support the support the development development of

• f small

small business business and and for for the the use of use of knowledge knowledge in in actions with actions with social social impact impact. . 5.

• 5. Promote projects and actions

Promote projects and actions for for the the popularization popularization of

• f scientific

scientific knowledge knowledge and and the the improvement improvement of

• f science

science teaching teaching in in high school high school. .

Expenditures on S&T by MCT (R$ 1 million)

Sectorial Funds for S&T

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Cientifico e Tecnologico Tecnologico -

• CNPq

CNPq

• Individual research grants
• Nuclei of Excellence
• Millenium Institutes
• Research felowships
• Graduate student fellowships
• Undergraduate fellowships
• Thematic

networks (biotecnology, nanoscience)

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

• FINEP

FINEP

Double Role of FINEP

• Financing Agency for S,T&I: FNDCT

Research grants to non-profit institutions

• Bank: loans

at low interest rates

Other initiatives of FINEP

• Grants

to researchers in small firms

• Venture

capital to selected small firms

• Support

to venture capital funds

• Venture forums
• Science parks
• Incubators of high tech firms

Thanks for your attention