Quantifying Processing Map Uncertainties by Modelling the Hot-Compression Behaviour of a Zr-2.5Nb Alloy Christopher S. Daniel 1 , Patryk Jedrasiak 2 , Christian J. Peyton 1 , João Quinta da Fonseca 1 , Hugh R. Shercliff 2 , Luke Bradley 3 , Peter D. Honniball 3 , 1 The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK 2 University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 3 Rolls-Royce plc, Derby, UK
Industrial Relevance • Zr alloys: Structural Components, Cladding, Pressure Tubing. β - bcc α - hcp 20 μ m Dual-phase α + β ZrNb alloy microstructure; nuclear fuel assembly; Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR) schematic. • Dual-phase α + β ZrNb alloys offer higher strength and fracture toughness, with improved corrosion properties – compared to single phase α Zr alloys. 2 Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Research Aims • Require better understanding, to predict effect of processing parameters on manufactured microstructure/texture in Zr-Nb alloys – as well as in dual- phase α + β Ti alloys . α - hcp Fuel assembly buckling. β - bcc 20 μ m High temperature rolling of ZrNb alloy at Manchester; Dual-phase α + β microstructure and hcp texture; Hydrides in Zr alloy tube.* • High temp. processing → α + β phase interaction → optimise final product. Banerjee, S. in Encycl. Mater. Sci. Technol. (Cahn, K. H. et al.) 6287 – 6299 (Elsevier Science Ltd., 2001). doi:10.1016/B0-08-043152-6/01117-7 Mahmood, S. T. Mechanical Testing of Zirconium Alloys. in ZIRAT18 Semin . 1 – 37 (ANT International, 2014). 3 *Adamson, R. B. et al. Mechanical Testing of Zirconium Alloys - Hydrides (Volume: 1, Section: 11). in ZIRAT18 Semin. 1 – 33 (ANT International, 2014). Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Dual-Phase Microstructure Evolution • Two-phase slip deformation. 11ത 20 ||LD Suri, S., Viswanathan, G. B., Neeraj, T., Hou , D. H. & Mills, M. J. Slip transmission in an α/β titanium alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 1019 – 1034 (1999). 4 Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Dual-Phase Microstructure Evolution • Two-phase slip deformation. 11ത 20 ||LD • Dynamic recovery (DRY) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) – nucleation versus growth. Suri, S., Viswanathan, G. B., Neeraj, T., Hou , D. H. & Mills, M. J. Slip transmission in an α/β titanium alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 1019 – 1034 (1999). Chakravartty, J. K., Dey, G. K., Banerjee, S. & Prasad, Y. V. R. K. Dynamic recrystallisation of Zr – 2·5Nb: processing maps. Mater. Sci. Technol. 12, 705 – 716 (1996). 5 Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Dual-Phase Microstructure Evolution • Two-phase slip deformation. 11ത 20 ||LD • Dynamic recovery (DRY) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) – nucleation versus growth. • Globularisation – lamellae shearing and β migration. Suri, S., Viswanathan, G. B., Neeraj, T., Hou , D. H. & Mills, M. J. Slip transmission in an α/β titanium alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 1019 – 1034 (1999). Chakravartty, J. K., Dey, G. K., Banerjee, S. & Prasad, Y. V. R. K. Dynamic recrystallisation of Zr – 2·5Nb: processing maps. Mater. Sci. Technol. 12, 705 – 716 (1996). Semiatin, S. L., Seetharaman, V. & Weiss, I. Flow behavior and globularization kinetics of Ti – 6Al – 4V. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 263, 257 – 271 (1999). 6 Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Dual-Phase Microstructure Evolution • Two-phase slip deformation. 11ത 20 ||LD • Dynamic recovery (DRY) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) – nucleation versus growth. • Globularisation – lamellae shearing and β migration. • Dynamic transformation during deformation – mechanical activation from β net flow softening. α β TD RD 25 μm Suri, S., Viswanathan, G. B., Neeraj, T., Hou , D. H. & Mills, M. J. Slip transmission in an α/β titanium alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 1019 – 1034 (1999). Chakravartty, J. K., Dey, G. K., Banerjee, S. & Prasad, Y. V. R. K. Dynamic recrystallisation of Zr – 2·5Nb: processing maps. Mater. Sci. Technol. 12, 705 – 716 (1996). Semiatin, S. L., Seetharaman, V. & Weiss, I. Flow behavior and globularization kinetics of Ti – 6Al – 4V. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 263, 257 – 271 (1999). Daymond, M. R. et al. Texture inheritance and variant selection through an hcp – bcc – hcp phase transformation. Acta Mater. 58, 4053 – 4066 (2010). 7 Guo, B., Semiatin, & Jonas, J. J. Opposing and Driving Forces with Dynamic Transformation of Ti-6Al-4V. Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 49, 1 – 5 (2018). Daniel, C. S. An Investigation into the Texture Development during Hot-Rolling of Dual-Phase Zirconium Alloys. (The University of Manchester, 2018). Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Dual-Phase Microstructure Evolution • Two-phase slip deformation. 11ത 20 ||LD • Dynamic recovery (DRY) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) – nucleation versus growth. • Globularisation – lamellae shearing and β migration. • Dynamic transformation during deformation – mechanical activation from β {110} 𝛾 || 0001 𝛽 and net flow softening. < 1ത 11 > 𝛾 || < 11ത 20 > 𝛽 α • Phase transformation on β heating and cooling. TD RD 25 μm Suri, S., Viswanathan, G. B., Neeraj, T., Hou , D. H. & Mills, M. J. Slip transmission in an α/β titanium alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 1019 – 1034 (1999). Chakravartty, J. K., Dey, G. K., Banerjee, S. & Prasad, Y. V. R. K. Dynamic recrystallisation of Zr – 2·5Nb: processing maps. Mater. Sci. Technol. 12, 705 – 716 (1996). Semiatin, S. L., Seetharaman, V. & Weiss, I. Flow behavior and globularization kinetics of Ti – 6Al – 4V. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 263, 257 – 271 (1999). Daymond, M. R. et al. Texture inheritance and variant selection through an hcp – bcc – hcp phase transformation. Acta Mater. 58, 4053 – 4066 (2010). 8 Guo, B., Semiatin, & Jonas, J. J. Opposing and Driving Forces with Dynamic Transformation of Ti-6Al-4V. Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 49, 1 – 5 (2018). Daniel, C. S. An Investigation into the Texture Development during Hot-Rolling of Dual-Phase Zirconium Alloys. (The University of Manchester, 2018). Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Dual-Phase Microstructure Evolution • Two-phase slip deformation. 11ത 20 ||LD • Dynamic recovery (DRY) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) – nucleation versus growth. Processing Maps → optimise processing parameters ( 𝑈 , ሶ 𝜁 ) for • Globularisation microstructure breakdown using analysis of stress-strain curves. – lamellae shearing and β migration. • Dynamic transformation during deformation – mechanical activation from β {110} 𝛾 || 0001 𝛽 and net flow softening. < 1ത 11 > 𝛾 || < 11ത 20 > 𝛽 α • Phase transformation on β heating and cooling. TD RD 25 μm Suri, S., Viswanathan, G. B., Neeraj, T., Hou , D. H. & Mills, M. J. Slip transmission in an α/β titanium alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 1019 – 1034 (1999). Chakravartty, J. K., Dey, G. K., Banerjee, S. & Prasad, Y. V. R. K. Dynamic recrystallisation of Zr – 2·5Nb: processing maps. Mater. Sci. Technol. 12, 705 – 716 (1996). Semiatin, S. L., Seetharaman, V. & Weiss, I. Flow behavior and globularization kinetics of Ti – 6Al – 4V. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 263, 257 – 271 (1999). Daymond, M. R. et al. Texture inheritance and variant selection through an hcp – bcc – hcp phase transformation. Acta Mater. 58, 4053 – 4066 (2010). 9 Guo, B., Semiatin, & Jonas, J. J. Opposing and Driving Forces with Dynamic Transformation of Ti-6Al-4V. Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 49, 1 – 5 (2018). Daniel, C. S. An Investigation into the Texture Development during Hot-Rolling of Dual-Phase Zirconium Alloys. (The University of Manchester, 2018). Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
Processing Maps • Dilatometer, Gleeble , … DIL 805 A/D/T Dilatometer. Gleeble 3500. Y. V. R. K. Prasad, K. P. Rao, and S. Sasidhara, Hot Working Guide: A Compendium of Processing Maps Second Edition , 2nd Editio. ASM International, 2015. Chakravartty, J. K., Dey, G. K., Banerjee, S. & Prasad, Y. V. R. K. Dynamic recrystallisation of Zr – 2·5Nb: processing maps. Mater. Sci. Technol. 12, 705 – 716 (1996). 10 Daniel, C. S. An Investigation into the Texture Development during Hot-Rolling of Dual-Phase Zirconium Alloys. (The University of Manchester, 2018). Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
ሶ Processing Maps • Dilatometer, Gleeble , … DIL 805 A/D/T Dilatometer. Gleeble 3500. • Strain rate sensitivity; 𝑛 = 𝜖(𝑚𝑜𝜏) 𝜖(𝑚𝑜 ሶ 𝜁) 𝜁,𝑈 Driving Force Cubic Fit log 𝜏 Time log ሶ 𝜁 Temperature Y. V. R. K. Prasad, K. P. Rao, and S. Sasidhara, Hot Working Guide: A Compendium of Processing Maps Second Edition , 2nd Editio. ASM International, 2015. Chakravartty, J. K., Dey, G. K., Banerjee, S. & Prasad, Y. V. R. K. Dynamic recrystallisation of Zr – 2·5Nb: processing maps. Mater. Sci. Technol. 12, 705 – 716 (1996). 11 Daniel, C. S. An Investigation into the Texture Development during Hot-Rolling of Dual-Phase Zirconium Alloys. (The University of Manchester, 2018). Christopher Christopher S. Daniel
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