PREVENTION THROUGH DESIGN: A Different Side of Steels Sustainability - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

PREVENTION THROUGH DESIGN: A Different Side of Steel’s Sustainability PDH CODE PDH CODE 2823 28236 March 24, 2017 Mike Toole , PE Professor, Civil and Env. Engineering Bucknell University Based on past presentations with John Gambatese, PE Professor, Civil and Construction Engineering, Oregon State University 1

DOWNLOAD THIS PRESENTATION NOW FROM WWW.DESIGNFORCONSTRUCTIONSAFETY.ORG 2

OVERVIEW Prevention through Design  PtD Concept PtD Concept = Design for Safety  Mo Motiv tivation tion = Safety by Design  Exam Examples ples Processes  Leaders Leaders Tools and equipment Products  Tools and ools and Pr Processes ocesses  Mo Moving f ving forwar ard in d in your ur com compan any Work methods Work premises and organization and facilities of work  Mo Moving AISC f ving AISC forwar ard

IMPORTANT MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS UNDERLYING PTD  Sustainability Sustainability  Collaboration Collaboration  Inno Innovation and Managing Change tion and Managing Change  These are themes of the NASCC! These are themes of the NASCC! 4

PTD IN CONSTRUCTION IS…  Explicitly considering construction safety in the design of a project.  Being conscious of and valuing the safety of construction workers when performing design tasks.  Making design decisions based in part on a design element's inherent safety risk to construction workers. “Safety Constructability”

WHAT PTD IN CONSTRUCTION IS NOT  Having designers take an active role in construction safety DURING DURING construction.  An endorsement of future legislation mandating that designers design for construction safety.  An endorsement of the principle that designers can or should be held partially responsible for construction accidents. 6

WHY PTD? ANNUAL CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS IN U.S.  Nearly 200,000 serious injuries Nearly 200,000 serious injuries  Nearly 1 Nearly 1,000 deaths 000 deaths

WHY PTD? DESIGN-SAFETY LINKS  22% 22% of 226 injuries that occurred from 2000-2002 in Oregon, WA, and CA 1  42% 42% of 224 fatalities in US between 1990-2003 1  60% 60% of fatal accidents resulted in part from decisions made before site work began 2  63% 63% of all fatalities and injuries could be attributed to design decisions or lack of planning 3 1 Behm, M., “Linking Construction Fatalities to the Design for Construction Safety Concept” (2005) 2 European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions 3 NSW WorkCover, CHAIR Safety in Design Tool , 2001

WHY PTD? PROFESSIONAL ETHICS  National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) Code of Ethics:  Engineer Engineers shall hold paramount the saf s shall hold paramount the safety ty, , health, and w health, and welf lfare of the public. are of the public.  American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Code of Ethics:  Engineer Engineers shall recognize that the liv s shall recognize that the lives, s, saf safety ty, health and , health and welf lfare of the general are of the general public are dependent upon engineering public are dependent upon engineering decisions …. decisions ….

WHY PTD? SUSTAINABILITY

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES  “ Commitment b Commitment by business t business to beha behave e ethically hically and and contribut contribute t to economic de economic development; lopment;  “Im “Improve q quality of lif ality of life of the local community of the local community and socie and society ty at large.” at large.”  “Im “Improve q quality of lif ality of life of the w of the workforce and e and their f their families; milies; Source: World Business Council for Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development = Design and construction that doesn’t unfairly affect people who are not at the table 12

PTD AND SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY/EQUITY  Do no Do not our duties include minimizing all risks t our duties include minimizing all risks that w that we ha have contr control o l over? er?  Do no Do not w t we ha have the same duties f the same duties for r construction w construction work rker ers as s as for the “public”? r the “public”?

DESIGN HAS MAJOR LEVERAGE  The Right thing t The Right thing to do and… do and…  The Smar The Smart t thing t thing to do do 14

WHY PTD? BANG FOR THE BUCK  Ability to influence safety is greatest early in the project schedule during planning and design (Szymberski, 1997)

HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS PtD Elimination Higher Eliminate the hazard during design Reliability of Control Substitution Substitute a less-hazardous material or form during design Engineering Controls “Design-in” engineering controls, Incorporate warning systems Administrative Controls Well-designed work methods & organization PPE Lower Available, effective, easy to use

WHY PTD? TANGIBLE BENEFITS  Reduced site hazards  Fewe wer wo worker i injuries a and fa fatalities  Reduced workers’ compensation premiums  Increased productivity and quality  Fewer delays due to accidents  Encourages designer-constructor collaboration  Improved operations/maint. safety

PTD IS GAINING MOMENTUM  Required in UK, Europe for since 1995  Required in Australia, S. Africa, Singapore  OSHA DfCS Workgroup since 2005  NIOSH PtD Workshops and Funding  ANSI Standard and Technical Report  LEED Pilot Credit 18

OVERVIEW Prevention through Design  PtD Concept PtD Concept = Design for Safety  Mo Motiv tivation tion = Safety by Design  Exam Examples ples Processes Tools and  Leaders Leaders equipment Products  Tools and ools and Pr Processes ocesses  Mo Moving f ving forwar ard in d in your ur Work methods Work premises compan com any and organization and facilities of work  Mo Moving AISC f ving AISC forwar ard

STRUCTURAL STEEL EXAMPLES Detailing Guide for the Enhancement of Erection Safety Published by the National Institute for Steel Detailing and the Steel Erectors Association of America

The Erect The Erector F or Friendly Column iendly Column Locate column splices and connections at reasonable heights above floor Photo: AISC educator ppt

 Include holes at 21 inches and 42 inches for guardrails.  Additional higher holes can also be included for lifeline support.  Drill holes in beam flanges for lifeline support

Avoid hanging connections; design to bear on columns instead

DOUBLE CONNECTIONS  Clipped angle  Staggered angles

Avoid awkward and dangerous connection locations

Avoid tripping hazards by not having connections on top of beams and joists.

Avoid Sharp Corners

Provide enough space for making connections

 Know approximate dimensions of necessary tools to make connections Photo: AISC educator ppt

MISCELLANEOUS  Bolts: One size, one grade when possible  Uniform floor layout  Consider having top flange at least 6” wide for safer walking  Consider fall protection attachment points around openings, perimeter https://myconstructionphotos.smugmug.com/Construction- Galleries/Steel-Construction-erect

PTD EXAMPLE: ANCHORAGE POINTS

EXAMPLES: PREFABRICATION Bridge Trusses Steel Stairs www.ultimat eengineering .com PEB test.jedinstvo.com Roof Trusses www.niconengi neering.com

OVERVIEW Prevention through Design  PtD Concept PtD Concept = Design for Safety  Mo Motiv tivation tion = Safety by Design  Exam Examples ples Processes  Leader Leaders Tools and equipment Products  Tools and ools and Pr Processes ocesses  Mo Moving f ving forwar ard in d in your ur Work methods Work premises compan com any and organization and facilities of work  Mo Moving AISC f ving AISC forwar ard

USE OF PTD BY OWNERS  Intel  ExxonMobil  MWCS  USACE  Southern Co.  BHP Billiton

USA USACE F E FACILIT CILITY S SYSTEMS SAFET STEMS SAFETY To incorporate systems safety engineering and management practices into a facility life cycle process used in the conceptual phase, planning stages, construction of facilities, and facility reduction (demolition).

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SOUTHERN CO.’S DESIGN CHECKLISTS

BHP BILLITON’S PTD INITIATIVES  PtD staff embedded in procurement and design  Communication and training  PtD in technical specifications  Design reviews includes 3D models Slide 38

OVERVIEW Prevention through Design  PtD Concept PtD Concept = Design for Safety  Mo Motiv tivation tion = Safety by Design  Exam Examples ples Processes  Leaders Leaders Tools and equipment Products  Tools and Pr ools and Processes ocesses  Mo Moving f ving forwar ard in d in your ur Work methods Work premises compan com any and organization and facilities of work  Mo Moving AISC f ving AISC forwar ard

STEEL PTD RESOURCES  SEAA/NISD Designing Steel guide  Modern Steel Construction articles  NIOSH Steel PtD Educational Module 40

MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION JUNE 2006 41

MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION JUNE 2014 42

MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION JANUARY 2017 43

NIOSH STEEL PTD MODULE 44